Deep in the Ocean
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents Deep Underwater.
深水下目录.
4 Diving Deep in the Ocean.
4潜水入海深.
7 Oceanographers.
7 海洋学家。
8 Using Satellites for Tracking.
8 利用卫星进行跟踪。
9 Counting the Sea Animals.
9 计出"海兽".
10 The Census of Marine Life.
10 海洋生物普查。
11 Living in Hot and Cold Water.
11 活在热冷水中.
12 What Did We Learn?
12 我们学到了什么?
14 Glossary.
14 词汇表。
16 Deep Underwater Imagine taking a voyage to the deepest part of the ocean.
16 深水区 想象一下去最深处的海洋
What types of things would you expect to see?
你想看什么样的东西?
Would it be dark or light?
是黑暗还是光明?
Would you see clearly or would the water be cloudy?
你看得清楚吗? 还是水很云?
Would it be warm or cold?
是温暖还是冷?
Would you see familiar animals and plants or find strange and new ones?
你会看到熟悉的动物和植物 还是发现奇怪的和新的?
The small, deep ocean sea pig roams the ocean floor, often in herds, eating tiny sea animals and microbes that live in the mud.
小而深的海洋生猪会漫游于洋底,常栖息于群生地中,吃住于泥地中的细小海生动物和微生物.
Sunlight warms the shallow parts of the ocean down to 200 meters (656 ft) below the surface.
日光使浅海部分暖和至地表下200米(656英尺).
Plants and animals that need sunlight and warm water live there, such as tiger sharks and many species of common dolphins.
需要阳光和取暖水的植物和动物生活在那里,例如虎鲨和多种类的普通海豚.
Deep in the ocean, other animals, including vampire squid, fangtooth fish, and viperfish, live in water that is cold and dark.
在海洋深处,其他动物,包括吸血鬼乌贼,尖牙鱼,和活蛇鱼等,都生活在水中冷而暗.
The warm, shallow waters of tide pools are home to species of starfish, anemones, mussels, and tiny crabs.
潮池中暖而浅的水域有海星,海葵,贻贝等种类和细小的蟹类.
Diving Deep in the Ocean The deep ocean, below 1,000 meters (3,281 ft), is freezing cold.
潜入海洋深处 1000米(3,281英尺)以下的深海被冰冻.
The water pressure below 39.
39分以下的水压.
6 meters (130 ft) can harm you if you don’t have the right protective gear.
6米(130英尺),
Sport divers wear air tanks filled with a mixture of gases for safety.
体育潜水员穿戴装有气体混合物的空气箱,以保障安全.
They also wear special dive computers that help them know how far down they are and how much air they have.
他们也穿着特别的潜水电脑,帮助他们知道他们下行有多远,还有多少空气.
Deep divers wear special hard diving suits to protect them from the water pressure.
深潜者会穿特殊的硬潜水服来保护他们免受水压.
For really deep dives, groups of two or three scientists ride in a small submarine called a submersible.
对于真正的深度潜水, 一组2到3名科学家 骑在一艘叫做潜水器的小潜艇上。
Some of these submersibles have robot arms that can collect samples of water, soil, and small animals underwater.
其中一些潜水器有机器人臂可以收集水,土壤,和水下小型动物的样本.
In feet 0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000 14,000 16,000 18,000 20,000 22,000 609 m (2,000 ft) 4.
在0,2000,4000,6000,8000,12000,12000,14,000,18,000,220,000,22,000,609米(2,000英尺) 4.
5–7ºC (40–45ºF) 6,096 m (20,000 ft) 0–2ºC (32–35ºF) submersible craft diving suit 39 m (128 ft) 7–13ºC (45–55ºF) sport diver Oceanographers Scientists who study the ocean are called oceanographers (oh-shuh-NOG-ruh-furs).
5–7oC(40–45oF) 6,096米(20,000英尺) 0–2oC(32–35oF) 潜水艇潜水服 39米(128英尺) 7–13oC(45–55oF) 运动潜水员 海洋研究者 科学家被称为海洋学家(Oh-shuh-NOG-ruh-furs).
They often live for months on a ship, working seven days a week, and also teach at colleges and universities.
他们常常在一艘船上活了几个月,每周工作七天,还在大专院校任教.
Some of them study what sea animals eat and where they live.
有些研究海生动物吃什么,生活在哪里.
Others study the ocean water itself.
其他人研究海水本身。
All of them have to understand biology, chemistry, geology, and physics.
所有人都必须了解生物学、化学、地质学和物理学。
Biology is the study of living things.
生物学是活物的研究.
Chemistry is the study of what things are made of and how they react and change when they come into contact with other things.
化学是研究事物的由来,以及它们与其他事物接触时的反应和变化.
Geology is the study of rocks and soil and the processes that shape and change the Earth.
地学是研究岩石和土壤以及形成和改变地球的过程.
Physics is the study of the natural laws, such as energy, force, and motion, that govern how things work.
物理是研究自然定律,如能,能,能,能,能,能,能,能,能,能,能,能,能,能,能,能,能,能,能,能,能,能,能,能,能,能.
Using Satellites for Tracking Satellites up in space can help to track sea animals’ travels in Earth’s oceans.
利用卫星进行空间跟踪卫星有助于跟踪海洋动物在地球海洋中的旅行。
Scientists tag some animals with electronic sensors to study them.
科学家用电子传感器标记一些动物来研究.
A satellite can track the signal from the tag attached to the animal’s fin or back.
卫星可以从附在动物鳍上或背部的标记上追踪信号。
The signal shows when, where, and how the animal travels.
信号显示动物的行走时间、地点和方式。
These tags have been used to track some fish that have traveled up to 75,000 kilometers (46,602 mi).
这些标记被用于追踪一些已行走至75,000公里(46,602米)的鱼.
Scientists can use this information to predict the animal’s future movements.
科学家可以利用这些信息来预测动物的未来运动.
Counting the Sea Animals What types of animals live in the ocean?
计算出海洋动物 海洋里有什么样的动物?
Where do they live?
他们住在哪里?
How many are there?
有多少个?
Oceanographers studied and counted animals for ten years to discover the answers.
海洋学家研究并统计出动物长达十年的时间来发现答案.
They looked at all the world’s oceans from the North Pole to the South Pole.
他们观察了从北极到南极的所有世界海洋。
They counted everything they could find from the largest whales to the smallest organisms.
他们统计了从最大的鲸类到最小的生物 能找到的一切
The surprising report is called the Census of Marine Life.
令人惊讶的报告称为海洋生物普查。
Released in 2010, it contains data from more than 540 different expeditions that began in more than eighty countries.
它于2010年发布,包含了来自从80多个国家开始的540多起不同考察的数据.
Lionfish, or turkeyfish, swim among coral sea fans off the Solomon Islands.
狮子鱼,或称火鸡鱼,在所罗门群岛外的珊瑚海迷中游泳.
Their long, feathery spines can sting any predator that comes too close.
它们的长而有羽毛的脊椎可以刺痛任何过于接近的捕食者.
Native to the South Pacific, lionfish were first spotted in United States’ waters in 2000.
狮子鱼原生于南太平洋,于2000年首次被发现在美国水域.
The Census of Marine Life The study revealed new information and several surprises about extreme habitats.
海洋生物普查 研究揭示出一些关于极端栖息地的新信息和一些惊喜.
One surprise from the study was where things lived: everywhere—in all water levels and temperatures!
研究的一个出乎意料之处是生活的地方:无所不在——在所有水位和温度中!
Marine species lived in the hottest and coldest places.
海洋物种生活在最热和最冷的地方。
More than seventeen thousand species lived in deep places without light and some without oxygen.
超过一万七千个物种生活在深处,没有光线,有些没有氧气.
Another surprise was how many new species were discovered.
另一个惊喜是发现了多少个新物种.
More than twelve hundred new marine species have been described, and more than five thousand species are still waiting to be described.
有1200多条新的海洋物种被描述,有5千多条物种仍在等待描述.
Scientists found one species of Jurassic shrimp that was thought to have gone extinct more than fifty million years ago.
科学家发现了一种侏罗纪虾,被认为在五千万年前就已经灭绝了.
The leafy sea dragon blends in with the plants of its surroundings.
叶状海龙与周围的植物相融合.
Its eyes move independently of each other so it can look in two directions at once.
它的眼睛相互独立地运动,这样它就可以一并从两个方向看.
The male sea dragon carries the eggs for the female and gives birth.
雄性海龙为雌性携带卵并生下.
Living in Hot and Cold Water The very cold Deep Ocean Zone has more than one million hot volcanoes in it.
生活在热冷水中 冰冷的深海区有超过一百万个热火山
The water temperature at a volcano can be 400ºC (752ºF), which is hot enough to melt lead.
火山的水温可达400oC(752oF),热能能熔融铅.
Species such as eyeless shrimp, white crabs, giant tube worms, and many bacteria live in this very hot water.
无眼虾等物种,白蟹,巨管虫等众多细菌都活在这个非常热的水中.
These animals use sulfur rather than sunlight to live.
这些动物使用硫磺而不是阳光来活活.
Over 2 kilometers (1.
2多公里(1.
3 mi) deep in the ocean, giant tube worms live in the hot water that bubbles up from a lava pillar.
3 mi) 在海洋深处,巨型管状蠕虫生活在从熔岩柱上发出气泡的热水中.
Huge groups of Arctic and Antarctic animals were also found living in water that is close to or below freezing.
还发现大量北极和南极动物生活在接近或低于冻水的水中。
Giant squid, Antarctic cod, and the lion’s mane jellyfish are some species that live under solid ice that is 700 meters (2,296 ft) thick.
巨鱿鱼,南极鳕鱼和狮子的mane水母是生活在700米(2,296英尺)厚的固体冰下的一些物种.
Many of these species slow down their movements to save energy so they don’t freeze.
许多物种为了节省能量而减慢运动速度,
The Antarctic ice fish has no red blood cells.
南极地冰鱼无红血球.
Its thinner blood contains a type of antifreeze that allows it to survive in the frigid waters beneath ice that would freeze the blood of most fish.
其更薄的血液含有一种抗冻剂,使其能活在冰下会将大多数鱼类的血液冻结的冷水中.
What Did We Learn?
我们学到了什么?
Scientists learned that life is even more adaptable than they originally thought.
科学家们得知,生命甚至比他们最初想象的更能适应.
Animals living in the deep ocean have found ways to survive in harsh environments that would be impossible for most other species to live in.
生活在深海的动物已经找到方法在大多数其他物种无法生存的恶劣环境中生存.
The marine census counted more than 230,000 species in more than 30 million records.
海洋普查记录有超过3000万个物种.
More than 6,000 new species had never been seen before!
超过6000个新物种 从来没有见过!
Some animals were see-through, or translucent.
有些动物是透视的,或者半透明。
Some had warning lights that turn on and off so that they can see in the darkness.
有些人有警示灯 打开和关闭 这样他们就可以在黑暗中看到。
Others had long feelers instead of eyes to attract prey and learn what was around them.
其他人有很长的感知器而不是眼睛来吸引猎物,并学习周围的东西.
Some had teeth so long that they overlapped their jaws.
有的牙齿长到下巴相重叠
Others made their own antifreeze to stay warm.
其他人自己制造了防冻剂以保持温暖.
The big-eyed Atlantic gonate squid lives in the cold, deep waters of the northern Atlantic Ocean.
大眼大西洋高原乌贼生活在北大西洋的寒冷深水中.
What else lives in the deep ocean?
还有什么生活在深海里?
Scientists keep discovering new species and new facts.
科学家不断发现新物种和新事实.
The more they look, the more they find.
他们越看,就越发现。
They think that only one quarter of all marine life has been counted.
他们认为只有四分之一的海洋生物被计算在内。
Not all the animals that have been discovered have been documented and described.
并不是所有已经发现的动物都有文献记载和描述.
There are many more surprises to come!
还有许多惊喜要来!
Explore More To learn more about the Census of Marine Life, A Decade of Discovery, go to its website at: www.
探索更多 欲进一步了解海洋生物普查 " 发现十年 " ,请访问其网站:www.
coml.
科姆尔。
org Each week, new discoveries are added to the marine census project using a map on Google Earth: www.
奥尔格 每个星期,海洋普查项目都使用Google Earth上的地图:www.