A Crafty Escape
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents Introduction.
导言表。
4 Born into Slavery.
4 生为奴.
5 A Decision Fueled by Love.
5 由爱推动的决定。
6 Preparing and Planning.
6 准备和规划。
8 The Great Escape Begins.
8"大逃难开始".
10 Setting Sail for Freedom.
10 设置自由之帆。
12 Across the Ocean to Safety.
12 《从海洋到安全》。
13 The Long Trip Home.
13"长途之家".
15 Glossary.
15 词汇。
16 Ellen Craft William Craft People as Property The Crafts, like all black slaves in nineteenth-century America, were considered property.
16 埃伦·克拉夫特·威廉克拉夫特人作为财产 克拉夫特人同19世纪美国所有的黑人奴隶一样,被认为是地产.
They were forced to do whatever their owners asked.
他们被迫按主人的要求行事。
They had few of the rights that white people had.
他们几乎没有白人拥有的权利。
They could not learn to read or write.
他们无法学会读写。
They could be bought and sold.
他们可以买卖。
They also could be starved, beaten, or even killed if they angered their owners.
如果他们激怒主人,他们还可能被饿死、殴打甚至杀害。
In January 1863, President Lincoln signed the Emancipation Proclamation, which granted freedom to many, but not all, slaves.
1863年1月,林肯总统签署"解放宣言",给予许多,但不是所有奴隶自由.
The original proclamation freed all slaves in most slaveholding states.
最初的公告释放了大多数被奴役州的奴隶.
It did not pertain to Delaware, Maryland, Kentucky, and Missouri.
它与特拉华州,马里兰州,肯塔基州,和密苏里州无关.
The slaves in these states would not be freed for another two years.
这些州的奴隶再两年也不会被释放。
Introduction Dressing up as someone else can be fun.
介绍 打扮成别人会很有趣的
Now imagine that your life depends on how well you play that part.
现在想象一下,你的生活取决于你表现的如何。
Years ago, the Crafts did just that.
几年前,工艺队就是这样做的。
They pretended to be different people to escape from slavery in the South.
他们假装是不同的人来逃离南方的奴隶制.
Born into Slavery William and Ellen Craft were black Americans born into slavery.
生入奴隶威廉和爱伦·克拉夫特是美国黑人生入奴隶.
William was born in 1824 and lived in Macon, Georgia.
威廉于1824年生于乔治亚州马康.
His family was owned by a man who liked to gamble.
他的家人是一个喜欢赌博的人。
When the man lost a bet, he got money to pay it by selling his slaves.
当他输了赌注,他通过卖出他的奴隶得到钱来支付.
William was sold when he was sixteen years old.
威廉16岁时被卖出.
He was a skilled carpenter.
他是个熟练的木匠
The new owner saw that William did good work.
新主人看到威廉表现不错.
He let William make things to earn money for him.
他让威廉为他赚钱
Ellen was two years younger than William.
埃伦比威廉小两岁.
Her mother was a slave and her father a white slaveholder.
她的母亲是奴隶,她的父亲是白人奴隶持有者.
Ellen’s skin was so light that many people didn’t realize she had a slave mother.
Ellen的皮肤很浅,
When Ellen was eleven, she was “given” to her married half sister to work as a servant.
Ellen11岁时,她“被”嫁给了同父异母的姐姐,作为仆人工作。
When the half sister moved to Macon, Ellen went with them.
当同父异母的姐姐搬到了麦肯后,爱伦和他们一起去.
There she met William.
在那里,她遇到了威廉。
Ellen Craft William Craft A Decision Fueled by Love In time, William and Ellen fell in love.
埃伦·克拉夫特·威廉·克拉夫特 A裁决 爱的燃料 及时,威廉和爱伦相恋.
They wanted to be together.
他们想在一起。
Getting married, however, was not easy for slaves.
然而,奴隶结婚并不容易。
They needed their owners’ permission to wed.
他们的婚礼需要他们的主人的许可。
If married slaves had different owners, the couple could not live together.
如果已婚奴隶有不同的主人,夫妻不能共同生活.
In 1846, Ellen and William got permission and were married.
1846年,埃伦和威廉获得许可并结婚.
For two years, the Crafts lived apart.
两年来,工匠们分开生活.
They could see each other only once in a while.
他们偶尔只能见一面
They worried that one of them could be sold at any time and sent far away.
他们担心其中一出可以随时被卖出并被送去很远的地方.
The Crafts knew that the only way they could live as a family would be to escape to the North.
工匠们知道,他们作为一家人的唯一活路就是逃到北方去.
Black people could live freely in states there.
黑人可以在州里自由生活
But how could the Crafts leave without being caught?
但是工匠们怎么能不被抓就离开呢?
William had a clever plan.
威廉有一个聪明的计划。
Free or Slave?
自由还是奴隶?
In 1860, there were thirty-three states in the United States.
1860年,美国共有33个州.
Slavery was legal in the fifteen Southern “slave states” and illegal in the eighteen Northern “free states.”
奴隶制在南方15个“奴隶州”是合法的,在北方18个“自由州”是非法的。 “
In the states where slavery was legal, black slaves had none of the rights of their white owners.
在奴隶制是合法的各州,黑人奴隶没有白人所有者的权利。
In free states, black people could live freely.
在自由州,黑人可以自由生活.
The slave states formed the Confederacy.
奴隶国组成了邦联.
After the Confederates lost the Civil War, the Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution ended slavery in the United States, and all states became free states.
邦联战败内战后,宪法第十三修正案结束了美国的奴隶制,所有州都成为了自由州.
Slavery in States and Territories, 1860 Free states Slave states Territories open to slavery Preparing and Planning William’s idea was a daring one.
1860年各州和领土的奴隶制 奴隶国领土对奴隶制开放 准备和规划威廉的想法是大胆的。
They would travel to Pennsylvania, the nearest free state.
他们会去宾夕法尼亚州 最近的自由州
Since Ellen’s skin was so light, she would pretend to be a white person.
因为爱伦的皮肤这么浅,她会假装是一个白人.
William could travel with her as her house servant.
威廉可以和她一起旅行 作为她的仆人。
There was just one problem—Ellen could not travel as a woman.
只有一个问题... 埃伦不能像女人一样旅行
Women of that time did not travel alone.
当时的妇女并非独自旅行。
They certainly didn’t travel with a male slave!
他们当然没有和男性奴隶旅行!
There was only one way their plan would work.
他们的计划只有一种方法能成功
Ellen had to pretend to be a white man.
埃伦不得不装作白人.
Ellen was afraid at first.
爱伦一开始很害怕.
If they got caught, they would be punished.
如果他们被抓了,他们会受到惩罚。
She finally agreed when William explained what they would do.
她最后同意当威廉解释他们将做什么.
The night of the escape, William would cut Ellen’s hair short.
越狱当晚,威廉会把爱伦的头发剪短.
She would wear special clothes to hide her figure.
她会穿着特殊的衣服来隐藏自己的身材.
She would also wear a bandage around her face and green glasses.
她还会用绷带缠住她的脸和绿色眼镜。
To complete her disguise, Ellen would wear one arm in a sling.
为了完成她的伪装,爱伦会穿一只手臂 在一圈。
Ellen had never learned to read or write.
爱伦从未学会读写.
She could not sign for their travel tickets.
她不能签他们的出行票。
A hurt arm would give her the perfect excuse not to sign.
一个受伤的手臂会给她 完美的借口不签字。
Being hurt would also explain why William was traveling with his master.
受了伤也会解释为什么威廉和主人一起旅行.
As long as they acted their parts, no one would suspect a thing.
只要他们做他们的角色, 没有人会怀疑的事情。
The Great Escape Begins The Crafts decided to leave on December 21, 1848.
大逃亡开始 克拉夫特人决定于1848年12月21日离开.
William had set aside some money for their trip.
威廉为他们的出行留了些钱
The couple asked their owners for time off at Christmas.
这对夫妇向房主请了圣诞节假期.
Owners often gave slaves a few days to celebrate with their families.
拥有者常常给奴隶几天时间与家人一起庆祝.
The Crafts could leave then and not be missed for days.
工匠们当时可以离开,几天内不会被错过.
When the day came, William cut Ellen’s hair and helped her into her costume.
当天到来时,威廉剪了埃伦的头发并帮她穿上了服装.
They said a prayer and went into town to buy train tickets to Georgia.
他们祈祷,并进城购买去格鲁吉亚的火车票.
Travel at that time was segregated, so they had to sit in separate train cars.
当时的出行被隔离,因此他们不得不单独坐火车车厢.
There they waited to begin the first part of their trip.
在那里,他们等待开始 他们旅行的第一部分。
The Crafts’ Escape Route December 21–25, 1848 Boston, Boston Liverpool, England Washington, D.
手工业者逃生路线 1848年12月21-25日 波士顿 英国利物浦波士顿 华盛顿
C.
C组
Suddenly, William saw someone he knew on the train platform.
突然,威廉在火车站上见到了认识的人.
It was the owner of the shop where William worked!
是威廉工作的那个店主!
The man had come looking for the Crafts.
那个男人来找手工业家
William ducked down in his seat, shaking with fear.
威廉在座位上躲了下来,在恐惧中发抖.
Just as the man reached William’s car, the train’s bell clanged.
火车铃声响起。
The man left, and William sighed in relief—he was safe.
那人走了, 威廉在解脱中叹息。 他是安全的。
Ellen had a scare of her own.
埃伦有她自己的恐惧。
When another passenger sat next to her, Ellen froze.
当另一个乘客坐在她旁边时,埃伦冻结了.
He was a good friend of her owner and had known Ellen for years.
他是她老板的好友,知道 艾伦多年了
Ellen sat very still and did not dare look up.
埃伦静静地坐着,不敢抬头看.
The man, though, did not see her.
但是,那个男人没有看到她。
Ellen pretended to be deaf so she could avoid talking and giving herself away.
爱伦假装聋了,这样她可以避免说话并把自己送走.
Setting Sail for Freedom The Crafts reached Savannah, Georgia, safely and took a steamer ship to South Carolina.
设置自由帆 克拉夫特人安全地到达了佐治亚州的萨凡纳并搭乘蒸汽船去南卡罗来纳.
There, they ran into trouble.
那里,他们遇到了麻烦。
The clerk did not want to sign for the couple’s tickets.
书记官不愿为夫妇签票。
Just then, the boat captain from their first ship passed by.
刚刚,他们的第一艘船的船长经过。
He offered to sign for them.
他提出要为他们签字。
They met their final test in Maryland.
他们在马里兰州完成了最后的测试.
Slave states that shared borders with free states had border patrols.
与自由州接壤的奴隶国有边境巡逻。
These patrols checked for escaping slaves.
这些巡逻队检查了逃离奴隶的情况。
The Maryland border patrol stopped the Crafts and would not let them pass.
马里兰州边境巡逻队阻止了克拉夫特人,不让他们通过.
One officer finally took pity on them.
一名军官终于同情他们。
He let the Crafts board.
他让工匠们上船了
They arrived safely in Pennsylvania on Christmas morning, 1848.
他们于1848年圣诞节早上安全地抵达宾夕法尼亚州.
There they found friends and shelter.
他们在那里找到了朋友和避难所。
Across the Ocean to Safety For a while, life was good for the Crafts.
横跨海洋安全 有一段时间,生活对克拉夫特人来说是好的.
They learned to read and write.
他们学会了读写.
They went to live in Boston, Massachusetts.
他们去马萨诸塞州波士顿居住.
William and Ellen both found jobs.
威廉和艾伦都找到了工作.
Their good life did not last, however.
然而,他们的美好生活并没有持续。
In 1850, a new law was passed.
1850年,新法被通过.
The law made it a crime to protect escaped slaves.
法律将保护出逃的奴隶定为罪行.
Escaped slaves living in free states were suddenly in danger.
逃出自由州的奴隶突然陷入了危险.
The Underground Railroad How did the Crafts know where to go once they reached Philadelphia?
地下铁道 工匠们怎么知道去费城后去哪里?
They used the Underground Railroad.
他们利用了地下铁道
The Underground Railroad was a system of escape routes and safe houses run by people who helped runaway slaves get to freedom.
地下铁道是一套由帮助出逃奴隶获得自由的人所经营的出逃路线和安全屋系统.
The routes ran through free Northern states all the way to Canada.
路线贯穿了自由北方各州,一路通向加拿大.
People who helped slaves escape kept an eye out for black people coming into free states from the South.
那些帮助奴隶逃跑的人 一直盯着黑人从南方进入自由州
They would give the newcomers shelter, food, and directions to freedom.
他们将给新来者提供住所、食物和通往自由的方向。
Two bounty hunters arrived in Boston, searching for the Crafts.
两个赏金猎人抵达了波士顿,寻找克拉夫特人.
The Crafts hid with friends, but they grew tired of living in fear.
克拉夫特人和朋友一起躲了起来,但因生活在恐惧中而变得厌倦了.
In December 1850, they went to England.
1850年12月,他们去英国.
The Bloodhound Law In 1850, Congress passed the Fugitive Slave Act.
1850年"血狗法"被国会通过"逃亡奴隶法".
The law stated that a person who helped a runaway slave would be fined $1,000—a large sum in those days.
法律规定,帮助一个出走的奴隶的人将被罚款1 000美元——在那些日子中数额很大。
Anyone who returned a slave to a slave owner would get a reward, or bounty.
任何把奴隶还给奴隶主的人都会得到奖励或赏金.
The law was referred to as the Bloodhound Law because bounty hunters would use bloodhound dogs to track down runaway slaves.
这部法律被称作"血狗法",因为赏金猎人会用血狗来追踪逃跑的奴隶.
This was the rule of law in both free and slave states.
这是自由邦和奴隶邦的法治。
Still, many free states ignored the law and refused to hunt down runaways or the people who helped them.
然而,许多自由邦无视法律,拒绝追捕出逃者或帮助他们的人.
A poster warns African American people in Boston that they could be enslaved without a fair trial because of the Fugitive Slave Act.
一张海报警告波士顿的非裔美国人,由于"逃亡奴隶法",他们有可能在没有公平审判的情况下被奴役.
The Long Trip Home The Crafts settled in London and had five children.
长途之家 克拉夫特人定居于伦敦并有五个孩子.
They traveled around England and spoke against slavery.
他们环游英国并发表反对奴隶制的言论.
In 1860, William wrote a book about their escape.
1860年,威廉写了一本关于他们逃跑的书.
In 1870, William and Ellen returned to America.
1870年,威廉和埃伦回到了美国.
Slavery was now against the law in the United States.
现在奴隶制在美国是违法的。
The Crafts settled in Georgia.
手工业者在乔治亚定居.
They started a school to teach and help freed slaves.
他们开办一所学校,教书并帮助解放出奴隶.
Later, the Crafts moved to South Carolina.
后来,克拉夫特夫妇搬到了南卡罗来纳州.
They spent their last years living together in peace and freedom, just as they had always dreamed.
正如他们一直梦想的那样,他们最后几年在和平和自由中共同生活。
Glossary bounty hunters (n.)
词汇赏金猎人(n.