Bessie Coleman
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents Introduction.
导言表。
4 Growing Up in Texas.
4 在德克萨斯长大.
5 Moving to Chicago.
5号搬去芝加哥
8 Traveling to France.
8出行法国.
11 Triumphant Return.
11 凯旋汉特回.
13 Barnstormer.
13个巴恩斯通
15 Bessie’s Legacy.
15 Bessie的遗产.
19 Glossary.
19 词汇表。
19 Index.
19 指数。
20 Introduction In the United States in the 1920s, few women flew planes, and it was unthinkable that an African-American woman could fly.
导言 20世纪20年代的美国,女性很少会出动飞机,一个非裔美国女性能够出动飞机是不可思议的.
Yet Bessie Coleman did just that.
但是贝西·科尔曼就是这么做的
Bessie was a brave African-American woman who fought discrimination to follow her dream of becoming a pilot.
贝西是一位勇敢的非裔美国女性,她为了跟随她成为飞行员的梦想而反对歧视.
Her determination opened doors for other African-Americans and women who came after her.
她的决心为追杀她的其他非裔美国人和妇女敞开了大门.
Growing Up In Texas Bessie Coleman was born in Atlanta, Texas, in 1892.
在德克萨斯州长大的贝西·科尔曼于1892年生于德克萨斯州亚特兰大.
Her mother was African-American and her father was of African-American and Choctaw Native American descent.
她的母亲是非裔美国人,她的父亲是非裔美国人和Choctaw美洲原住民后裔.
Her parents were sharecroppers.
她的父母是共享作物。
Bessie was one of thirteen children.
贝西是十三个孩子之一。
Two years after Bessie’s birth, the family moved to Waxahachie (WAK-sah-HACH-ee), Texas, where Bessie’s father hoped that the busy town would offer good jobs.
贝西出生两年后,全家搬到德克萨斯州的瓦克萨哈奇(WAK-sah-HACH-ee),贝西的父亲希望繁忙的小镇能提供好的工作.
Bessie started school in Waxahachie.
贝西从瓦克萨哈奇开始上学.
She had to walk miles each day to an all-black school.
她每天得走几英里去一所全黑人学校
She loved reading and books, and she was a whiz at math.
她喜欢阅读和书, 她是一个天才的数学。
Bessie’s father was disturbed by the racial barriers in Texas.
贝西的父亲对德克萨斯州的种族障碍感到不安.
He believed that the family would be treated better if they moved to Indian Territory in what is now Oklahoma.
他认为,如果他们搬到现在俄克拉何马州的印第安领地,这个家庭将得到更好的待遇。
Unable to convince his wife to accompany him, Bessie’s father left the family when Bessie was nine years old.
由于无法说服妻子陪伴他,贝西的父亲在贝西9岁时离开了家庭.
Around that time, Bessie’s older brothers grew up and also moved away.
大约在那个时候,贝西的哥哥们长大了,也搬走了.
Bessie’s mother worked as a maid, while Bessie helped take care of her younger sisters.
Bessie的母亲是女佣,而Bessie则帮助照顾她的妹妹.
Waxahachie courthouse between 1911 and 1919Waxahachie, where Bessie grew up, is close to Dallas.
1911年至1919年间由贝西所出嫁的瓦克萨哈奇法院靠近达拉斯.
In Texas, cotton growing was big business.
在德克萨斯州,棉花种植是大生意.
During the cotton harvest, everyone in the family worked in the fields for extra money.
在棉花收割期间,家里的每个人都在田地里打工取出额外的钱.
Bessie hated picking cotton.
贝西讨厌摘棉花
It was hot, boring work, and during the harvest, African-American children couldn’t go to school.
非裔美国人无法上学。
Even though she worked in the fields, Bessie managed to finish all eight grades in the local school.
尽管她在田地上工作,贝西还是在当地学校完成了全部八年级.
She decided that she wanted to go to college, so she got a job washing people’s clothes to save money.
她决定自己想上大学,所以她找了份洗衣服的工作来节省钱.
In about four years, she had enough to begin school.
在大约四年的时间里,她有足够的时间开始上学.
She enrolled in a college for African- Americans, but after one year she ran out of money and had to return home.
她入读了一所非裔美国人的学院,但一年后她用光了钱,不得不回家.
Moving To Chicago Two of Bessie’s brothers had traveled east to Chicago, Illinois, in search of work and a better life.
搬去芝加哥 贝西的两个兄弟曾东行到伊利诺伊州的芝加哥去寻找工作和更好的生活.
One day, one of her brothers, Walter, contacted Bessie.
一天,她的一个兄弟沃尔特联系了贝西.
He thought she could get a good job in the big city.
他以为她能在大城市找到一份好工作.
At the age of 23, Bessie boarded a train and made the trip to Chicago.
23岁时,贝西登上一列火车并去芝加哥旅行.
It was a long and uncomfortable trip.
这是一个漫长而不舒服的旅行。
African-Americans were forced to sit on hard wooden benches in a separate part of the train from white people.
非裔美国人被迫坐在硬木板长椅上,在列车中与白人分开的部分.
When Bessie arrived in Chicago, she moved in with her brothers, Walter and John, and their wives, making five people in one small apartment.
贝西到芝加哥后,她与她的兄弟沃尔特和约翰以及他们的妻子一起搬来,使5人在一个小公寓.
Bessie took a class to learn to become a manicurist, and soon she found a job at the White Sox Barbershop on Chicago’s Southside.
贝西上了一堂课去学习成为manicurist,她很快在芝加哥南边的白袜巴伯店找到了一份工作.
When America entered World War I, John and Walter enlisted in the army and went to France to fight.
当美国进入一战时,约翰和沃尔特入伍并去法国作战.
Bessie read newspaper stories about the fighting in Europe and worried about her brothers’ safety.
Bessie阅读了有关欧洲战事的报纸报道并担心她兄弟的安全.
She also read about the brave pilots and was especially inspired by one, Eugene Bullard, an African-American who flew for the French.
她也读到勇敢的飞行员,尤其受到一位为法国人飞行的非裔美国人尤金·布拉德的启发.
When her brothers returned, they told Bessie stories about the war.
她的兄弟们回来后,向贝西讲述了战争的故事.
John teased her, saying that French women were braver than American women, and that they could fly airplanes.
约翰取笑她,说法国女人比美国女人更勇敢,她们可以驾驶飞机.
Hearing stories about the brave pilots made Bessie realize what she wanted to do.
听到有关勇敢飞行员的故事,贝西才意识到自己想做什么.
She wanted to become a pilot.
她想成为一名飞行员。
But who would teach her?
但谁会教她?
No one she asked would teach a black woman to fly.
她问的人都不会教黑人女人飞
Do You Know?
你知道吗?
In Chicago in the beginning of the 20th century, most African American people had to live in separate neighborhoods from white people.
在20世纪初的芝加哥,大多数非裔美国人不得不与白人分开居住.
In the Southside neighborhoods, African-Americans owned all the businesses.
在南边的街区,非裔美国人拥有所有的生意.
They had barbershops, like the one where Bessie worked, and stores, restaurants, banks, and nightclubs.
他们有理发店 就像贝西工作的店 还有商店、餐馆、银行和夜总会
Many became wealthy.
许多人变得富有。
Traveling To France Bessie did not give up.
前往法国的贝西并没有放弃.
Her friend Robert Abbott, the editor of a newspaper for black people, told her that she could go to France to learn to fly.
她的朋友罗伯特·阿博特(Robert Abbott)是一本黑人报纸的编辑,她告诉她她可以去法国学习飞行.
Bessie would need a lot of money to pay for the trip and the lessons.
贝西需要很多钱来支付旅行和课费.
She got a new job managing a restaurant and saved her money.
她找了份新工作来管理一家餐馆,还省了钱.
She also took French lessons and quickly learned the language.
她还学习了法语课程并迅速学习了语言.
Robert Abbott and other friends helped her pay for the trip as well.
Robert Abbott和其他朋友也帮她付了旅费
In 1920, Bessie traveled on a ship to France.
1920年,贝西乘船前往法国.
She was pleased to find that there was no discrimination against African-Americans in France.
她很高兴地发现法国不存在对非裔美国人的歧视.
She could eat in any restaurant and ride wherever she wished on the trains.
她可以在任何餐厅吃东西,在火车上随意骑.
Bessie found a school run by two brothers named Caudron, who said they would teach her to fly.
贝西发现了由两个叫考德龙的兄弟经营的学校,他们表示会教她飞行.
The training plane they used was called a biplane.
他们使用的训练飞机被称为双飞机.
It had two pairs of wings and two open cockpits.
它有两对翅膀和两个开放的驾驶舱.
The instructor sat in the front cockpit, and Bessie sat in the rear cockpit, watching as he moved the controls.
教官坐在前驾驶舱,贝西坐在后驾驶舱,看着他移动控制器.
It was very difficult to hear her teacher’s instructions over the roar of the wind and the engine.
很难听到她老师对风和引擎的咆哮的指示。
Bessie was a good student, and in a few months, she was ready to fly solo.
贝西是个好学生,几个月后,她准备独飞.
In 1921, at the age of 29, Bessie became the first African-American female pilot.
1921年,29岁时,贝西成为首位非裔美国女性飞行员.
She also became the first African-American to earn an international pilot’s license.
她也成为首位获得国际飞行员执照的非裔美国人.
Do You Know?
你知道吗?
Early planes had extremely simple controls.
早期的飞机有极其简单的控制.
A stick, like a joystick, controlled the plane’s up-and-down movement.
一个棒子,就像个乐棍,控制了飞机的起伏运动.
A rudder bar on the floor controlled the side-to-side movement.
地板上的一个舵手棒控制了侧向运动.
Pilots pushed the rudder bar back and forth with their feet.
飞行员用脚把舵棒往后推.
Triumphant Return In the fall of 1921, Bessie returned to America.
旋转回转 1921年秋,贝西回到了美国.
Both black and white Americans learned of Bessie’s accomplishment.
美国黑人和白人都知道贝西的成就。
She was interviewed by reporters and invited to special events.
她接受了记者的采访并应邀参加特别活动.
She was greeted with applause and respect.
她受到掌声和尊敬。
Bessie’s dreams did not end with becoming a pilot.
Bessie的梦想并没有以成为飞行员而结束。
She wanted to start a flying school for others, especially African-Americans.
她想为其他人,特别是非裔美国人开办一所飞行学校.
But she would need money to start the school, and the best way for a pilot to make money was to perform at air shows.
但她需要钱来开办学校,飞行员赚钱的最好方法是在空中表演.
Before Bessie could be a part of an air show, she had to return to France to learn more about flying, including stunts and tricks.
在贝西可以成为一出空中秀的一部分之前,她不得不回到法国去学习更多的飞行知识,包括特技和花招.
When Bessie came back to the United States, Robert Abbott helped her organize an air show near New York City on September 3, 1922.
当贝西回到美国后,罗伯特·阿博特于1922年9月3日在纽约市附近帮助她组织出场了一场空中表演.
It was the first time a black woman had ever given an air show.
这是黑人女性首次进行空中表演.
A plane performs a stunt at a modern air show.
飞机在现代空中表演中表演特技.
Do You Know?
你知道吗?
During the 1920s, few people had ever seen an airplane, and even fewer had been in one.
在1920年代,很少有人见过飞机,在飞机上的人甚至更少。
Airplanes were small and dangerous, so people did not travel in them.
飞机小而危险,因此人们没有乘坐.
Most planes were used for only two things: fighting battles and air shows.
大多数飞机仅用于两件事:战斗战和空中表演.
Air shows were one of the biggest and most exciting events of the time.
空中表演是当时最大和最激动人心的事件之一.
Barnstormer Bessie’s reputation as a pilot spread across the country.
Barnstormer Bessie作为飞行员的名声遍及全国。
She became a barnstormer, a pilot who traveled around the country using farmers’ fields for air shows.
她成为一名谷仓暴徒,
Bessie’s act pleased crowds wherever she performed.
Bessie的举动让人高兴,
One of her stunts was the loop- the-loop, in which Bessie would fly her plane straight up in the air, turn upside down, and make large loops in the sky.
她的特技之一是回路 -- 跑道,其中贝西会将她的飞机直飞到空中,颠倒地上,并在天空中做出大回路.
Parachuting from a plane was another of Bessie’s famous stunts.
从飞机上空投是贝西的又一出出名的特技.
She also took people for rides in her plane.
她还带人乘她的飞机。
She gave many black people their first chance to fly.
她给了许多黑人第一次飞行的机会.
Bessie took other steps to help put an end to discrimination.
贝西采取其他步骤帮助结束歧视。
She insisted that everyone, blacks and whites, males and females, should be allowed to attend any of the events in which she participated.
她坚持认为,应当允许每个人,无论是黑人还是白人,无论是男性还是女性,参加她参加的任何活动。
She would not give a show or a speech to a white-only crowd.
她不会给一个只有白人的人群表演或演讲。
A pilot’s view in a loop-the-loop stunt Bessie used early versions of parachutes like this one when jumping from planes.
飞行员在循环动作中的观点 Bessie在从飞机上跳伞时使用了这种降落伞的早期版本.
At first, Bessie had to borrow a plane for her shows.
起初贝西只好借飞机给她表演.
In time, Bessie had enough money to buy her own plane, a Curtiss Jenny.
在时间,贝西有足够的钱购买她自己的一架飞机"克蒂斯·珍妮".
Shortly after she bought the plane, its engine jammed, and she crashed.
在她买下飞机后不久,飞机引擎卡住了,于是坠毁.
Bessie had a broken leg, broken ribs, and numerous cuts.
贝西有一条腿断了,肋骨断了,还有无数刀伤.
She was in the hospital for three months.
她在医院呆了三个月
As soon as she was released, Bessie went right back to flying.
贝西一出狱就马上回到了飞地.
In April of 1926, Bessie agreed to do a show in Jacksonville, Florida that included a parachute jump.
1926年4月,贝西同意在佛罗里达州杰克逊维尔进行一场包括跳伞在内的演出.
She and her mechanic, William Wills, took the plane up to pick out a spot for the parachute jump.
她和她的机械师威廉·威尔斯(William Wills)搭起飞机挑出降落伞跳伞的位置.
Bessie didn’t wear her seat belt because she needed to lean out of the plane to spot a good place for the jump.
Bessie没有系安全带, 因为她需要从飞机上倾斜,
The plane suddenly went into a spin.
飞机突然开始旋转
Bessie fell out of the plane and was killed.
贝西从飞机上掉出后被击毙.
The airplane crashed, and William Wills was killed, too.
飞机坠毁,威廉·威尔斯也遇难.
It was a sad day.
那天很伤心
The country had lost a true aviation pioneer and one of its favorite pilots.
这个国家失去了一个真正的航空先锋 和它最喜欢的飞行员之一。
Curtiss Jenny airplane Do You Know?
柯蒂斯・珍妮的飞机 你知道吗?
Bessie paved the way for women like Mae Jemison, the first African- American woman to go into space.
贝西为梅·杰米森等女性铺平了道路,她是第一位进入太空的非裔美国女性.
Mae, who went into space aboard the shuttle Endeavor in 1992, says she admires Bessie’s courage.
1992年登上太空梭"奋进号"的梅表示,她很佩服贝西的勇气.
Bessie’s Legacy After her death, the U.
贝西的遗产 在她死后,U.
S.
师曰.
Post Office issued a stamp in her honor and a Chicago street was named after her.
邮局以她为名发行了邮票,芝加哥的一条街道也以她命名.
May 2 has been declared Bessie Coleman Day in Chicago.
5月2日在芝加哥被宣布为贝西·科尔曼日.
Three years after Bessie’s death, one of her most important dreams was fulfilled.
贝西去世后三年,她最重要的梦想之一被实现.
The Bessie Coleman Aero Club was opened in Chicago.
Bessie Coleman Aero俱乐部在芝加哥开幕.
It was the first flight school for African-Americans.
它是非洲裔美国人的第一所飞行学校.
Glossary barnstormer (n.)
词汇仓收(n.)
a person who travels the country performing shows in rural areas, often on farms (p.
在农村,经常在农场表演节目的人(p.
15) biplane (n.)
15)双机 (n.
a plane with two pairs of wings (p.
飞机有两对翅膀(p.
12) Curtiss Jenny (n.)
12) 柯蒂斯·珍妮 (n.
a biplane model from the early 1900s (p.
1900年代初的双飞机型号(p.
17) enlisted (v.)
17)入伍(五.
signed up for; enrolled in (p.
报名参加;报名参加(p.
10) loop-the-loop (n.)
10) 循环行走 (n.
an airplane stunt in which the pilot flies straight up in the air, flips over, and flies straight down in a loop (p.
飞机特技 飞行员在空中直飞 翻来覆去 绕来覆去
15) manicurist (n.)
15) 操纵者(n.
a person who takes care of and polishes fingernails (p.
照顾并打磨指甲的人(p.
9) mechanic (n.)
9) 机械师(n.
a person who fixes machines, especially cars, planes, and other moving vehicles (p.
a. 修理机器,特别是汽车、飞机和其他移动车辆的人(p.
18) sharecroppers (n.)
18) 分耕农 (n.
farmers who work on other farmers’ land and share part of their crops or profits (p.
在其他农民地上工作并分享部分作物或利润的农民(p.
5) solo (adv.)
5) 独奏 (adv.
by one’s self (p.
个人(p.
12) Index Abbott, Robert, 11, 14 airshows, 13-18 Ballard, Eugene, 10 Bessie Coleman Aero Club, 19 Chicago, 8, 9, 14, 19 cotton, 7 crashed, 17, 18 death, 18, 19 discrimination, 4, 6, 8, 9, 11, 16 family, 5, 6, 8-10 France, 11, 14 Jacksonville, Florida, 18 Jemison, Mae, 18 job, 8, 9, 11 parachute(-ing), 16, 18 pilot(s), 4, 10, 12, 13, 15 plane(s), 12, 14, 16-18 school (grammar and flying), 5, 7, 12, 13, 19 stamp, 19 Waxahachie, 5-7 World War I, 10 A Bessie Coleman coin was proposed in 1998.
12) Index Abbott, Robert, 11, 14 空中表演,13-18 Ballard, Eugene, 10 Bessie Coleman Aero Club, 19 Chicago, 8, 9, 14, 19 棉花, 7 坠毁, 17, 18 死亡, 18 歧视, 4, 6, 8, 9, 11, 16 法国, 14 Jacksonville, 18 Jemison, Mae, 18 job, 8, 9, 11 降落伞(-ing), 16, 18 飞行员, 4, 10, 12, 13, 15 平面, 12, 14, 16-18 学校(语法和飞行), 5, 7, 12, 13, 19 邮票, 19 Waxahachie, 5-7 War I, 10 A Bessie Coleman硬币于1998年被提出.