The Buffalo Soldiers
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents A New Army.
目录 A 新军.
4 The Original Buffalo Soldiers.
4 水牛战士原作.
6 Out West.
6出西门.
8 The 9th and 10th Cavalries Combine.
8 第9和10骑兵联合队.
12 Later Service.
12 稍后服务。
13 The Buffalo Soldiers’ Legacy.
13 水牛战士遗产。
15 Glossary.
15 词汇。
16 A New Army Black soldiers have a long history in the United States.
16 新一军黑兵在美国历史悠久.
During the Civil War (1861–1865), for instance, more than 170,000 black soldiers fought for the North to end slavery in the South.
例如,内战期间(1861–1865年),有17万多黑人士兵为结束南方的奴隶制而为北方而战.
After the Civil War ended in 1865, the U.
1865年内战结束后,吴人.
S.
师曰.
Army formed the first peacetime regiments of black soldiers.
陆军组成了第一个和平时期的黑人士兵团.
These regiments would come to be known as the Buffalo Soldiers.
这些团将被称为"水牛战士".
Former soldiers, former slaves, and other black men joined.
前士兵,前奴隶,以及其他黑人加入.
The army presented them with new opportunities.
军队给他们带来了新的机会。
As former farmer Charles Creek said, “I got tired of looking mules in the face from sunrise to sunset.”
正如前农民Charles Creek所言:“从日出到日出,我厌倦了看骡子。 “
Although the Civil War ended slavery in the United States, black people still faced discrimination.
虽然内战结束了美国的奴隶制,但黑人仍然面临歧视.
It was hard for them to find work.
他们很难找到工作。
When they did, they were often paid less than white workers or weren’t paid at all.
他们的工资往往低于白人工人,
Black people often weren’t allowed to live in the same places as white people.
黑人往往不被允许与白人同住一地。
It was also hard for black people to gain an education.
黑人也很难接受教育。
In 1866, the army paid black soldiers the same as white soldiers—$13 per month.
1866年,军队给黑人士兵的薪水与白人士兵一样——每月13美元.
Black soldiers needed to write messages and understand orders and maps.
黑人士兵需要写出信息,理解命令和地图.
Those who couldn’t were taught to read and write.
无法阅读和写作的人。
The army provided them with food, clothes, shelter, work, and the chance for adventure.
军队为他们提供了食物,衣服,住所,工作,以及冒险的机会.
Most of these men were being sent to the western frontier—the Great Plains, deserts, and mountains west of the Mississippi.
这些人大多被送到了西部边境——大平原,沙漠和密西西比以西的山脉.
The Original Buffalo Soldiers Two of the black units formed in 1866 were the 9th and 10th Cavalry Regiments.
水牛战士的原作 1866年组建的2个黑人分队为骑兵第9和第10团.
Many historians consider the 10th to be the original Buffalo Soldiers.
许多历史学家认为"十"是"水牛战士"的原作.
Like the other black regiments, the 10th Cavalry faced many challenges.
与其他黑人团一样,第10骑兵团也面临许多挑战.
Many white soldiers and officers didn’t think black soldiers should serve in the army.
许多白人士兵和军官认为黑人士兵不应该在军队服役.
They gave the black soldiers old or lame horses as well as poor or damaged supplies.
他们向黑人士兵提供老旧或跛脚的马匹以及贫乏或被损坏的补给.
The food that black soldiers received was never as good as the food for white soldiers.
黑人士兵得到的食物从未像白人士兵得到的食物那样好.
If a white soldier stole from or hurt a black soldier, the white soldier often went free.
如果一名白人士兵从一名黑人士兵那里偷来或伤害了一名黑人士兵,那么白人士兵往往会自由出行.
Field workers stand in a Florida cotton field in 1879.
1879年田地工人站在佛罗里达州的一个棉花地上.
Hard labor was the only work available to many black people after the Civil War— often the same work they’d done as slaves.
许多黑人在内战后只能从事苦力劳动,
Black officers weren’t allowed to lead, and white officers often didn’t want to lead black regiments.
黑人军官不被允许领导,白人军官往往不想领导黑人团.
Colonel Benjamin Grierson was a rare exception.
本杰明·格里森上校是个罕见的例外
He led the 10th Cavalry for twenty-two years, from 1866 to 1888.
从1866年到1888年他领导了第10骑兵团22年.
Word Wise Infantries are made up of soldiers who fight on foot.
语出智慧 婴儿由徒步作战的士兵所组成.
In the past, cavalries were made up of soldiers who rode horses.
过去骑兵由骑马的士兵所组成.
Today, cavalries are made up of soldiers in vehicles.
如今,骑兵由车辆中的士兵所组成.
Despite such treatment, the 10th Cavalry and the other regiments of black soldiers continued to perform their duties.
尽管有这种待遇,第10骑兵团和其他黑人士兵团继续执行任务.
Their regiments were often praised for their work and conduct.
他们的兵团的工作和行为经常被称赞.
Black soldiers were also much less likely to quit.
黑人士兵也不太可能退出。
Out West The West was a wild place during the late 1800s.
离开西部 西方在1800年代后期是一个野生地.
More and more settlers were moving into the area.
越来越多的定居者进入该地区。
Outlaws often stole cattle and horses.
外人经常会偷牛和马.
They also robbed banks as well as stagecoaches, which provided important supplies and mail to the settlers.
他们还抢劫银行和舞台机,向定居者提供重要用品和邮件。
SOUTH DAKOTA NEBRASKA COLORADO KANSAS Oklahoma Territory Indian Territory New Mexico Territory Arizona Territory TEXAS UTAH MEXICO Fort Leavenworth Fort Riley Fort Niobrara Fort Robinson Fort Selden Fort Sill Fort Concho Fort Clark Fort Stockton Fort Davis This map shows important forts where the Buffalo Soldiers served in the late 1800s.
南达克塔 NEBRASKA COLORADO KANSA 俄克拉荷马领地 印度领地 新墨西哥领地 新亚利桑那领地 TEXAS UTAH MEXICO Fort Leavenworth Fort Riley Fort Niobrara Fort Robinson Fort Selden Fort Sill Fort Concho Fort Clark Fort Stockton Fort Davis 这幅地图显示了水牛战士在1800年代后期服役的重要要塞.
Where Were They?
他们在哪儿?
UNITED STATES N EW S Outlaws rob a stagecoach in 1880.
美国EW Outlaws在1880年抢劫了一辆马戏车.
This drawing records the scene as described by a witness.
这幅画记录了目击者描述的场景.
Meanwhile, the growing United States pushed Native Americans off the lands they had lived on for thousands of years.
与此同时,不断增长的美国将美洲原住民赶出了他们几千年所居住的土地.
The U.
吴人.
S.
师曰.
taking back land and supplies.
收回土地和物资。
Regiments of black soldiers were ordered to protect settlers, towns, and supplies from outlaws and Native Americans.
黑兵团被命令保护定居者,城镇,以及来自不法分子和美洲原住民的补给.
Yet because of their skin color, the black soldiers were not often welcomed in towns.
然而,由于他们的肤色,黑人士兵在城镇中并不经常受到欢迎。
Between 1866 and 1875, the 10th Cavalry was stationed in different places around Kansas and Indian Territory (now Oklahoma).
1866至1875年间,第10骑兵团驻扎在堪萨斯州和印第安领地(现俄克拉荷马州)周围的不同地方.
It was during this time that they earned the name Buffalo Soldiers.
在此期间,他们获得了水牛战士的称号.
The name came from Native Americans.
这个名字来自美洲原住民.
Some say Comanches gave the 10th the name, while others say it was the Cheyennes.
有人说 科曼切斯给了第十名,而其他人则说这是夏安人.
One story is that the name came from the black soldiers’ hair being similar to the dark, woolly hair between a buffalo’s horns.
其中一个故事是,这个名字来自黑兵的发型,类似于一头水牛的角之间的深色羊毛发.
Other stories say that the name came from the black soldiers’ strength in battle, which was like a trapped buffalo’s.
其他故事说这个名字来自黑人士兵在战斗中的实力,
Wherever the name came from, all the regiments of black soldiers soon adopted it.
无论名字来自何处,所有黑人士兵的团团都很快采纳了这个名字.
The 9th and 10th Cavalries Combine In 1875, the 10th Cavalry was sent to Texas.
第九和第十骑兵团 1875年,第10骑兵团被派往德克萨斯.
There it joined the 9th Cavalry.
那里它加入了第9骑兵团.
At that time, the government was trying to force the Apache tribes to move onto reservations in Arizona.
当时政府正试图迫使阿帕奇部落迁入亚利桑那州的保留地.
The Apaches knew the government would not keep its promises.
阿帕奇人知道政府不会兑现承诺.
Also, they didn’t want to live on poor land far from their home.
他们不想住在离家很远的贫地上。
Some Apaches fought back.
一些阿帕奇人反击了.
The 9th and 10th Cavalries were ordered to stop Apache attacks.
第9和第10骑兵团被命令停止阿帕奇的攻击.
The 10th Cavalry remained in the Southwest for years, trying to bring the Apaches under control.
第10骑兵团在西南地区留了数年,想把阿帕奇人控制住.
By contrast, the 9th Cavalry was sent north to Indian Territory.
相形之下,第9骑兵团被北上派往了印度领地.
There they fought outlaws and settlers who were trying to take land set aside for Native Americans.
在那里,他们与试图夺取美国原住民土地的不法分子和定居者作战。
For more than twenty years, the 9th and 10th served on the frontier from Texas to Montana.
在德克萨斯州到蒙大拿州的边境上服役了二十余年.
The Buffalo Soldiers earned fourteen Medals of Honor between 1870 and 1890.
水牛战士在1870至1890年间获得了14个荣誉勋章.
The Medal of Honor is the highest award a U.
荣誉勋章是U的最高奖项.
S.
师曰.
soldier can earn.
士兵可以挣钱
The Buffalo Soldiers may have been named for the buffalo coats they sometimes wore.
水牛战士可能因有时所穿的水牛外衣而得名.
Later Service In 1898, the Buffalo Soldiers fought in the Spanish-American War.
后来服役于1898年,水牛战士参加了西班牙-美国战争.
They took part in many battles and earned five Medals of Honor.
他们参加了多场战役并获得5个荣誉勋章.
Even so, some leaders in the U.
即使如此,一些领导人在U.
S.
师曰.
Army still thought black soldiers were unable to perform as well as white soldiers.
军队仍然认为黑人士兵和白人士兵一样不能表现.
Between 1899 and 1904, the Buffalo Soldiers worked as park rangers in several California national parks.
1899至1904年间,水牛战士号在几个加利福尼亚国家公园担任公园护林员.
They built roads and trails, fought forest fires, and stopped people from hunting animals and stealing timber.
他们修建了道路和小道,扑灭了森林火灾,并阻止了人们去打猎动物并偷取木材.
During World Wars I and II, new black regiments formed.
世界大战期间 一,二,新组建黑团.
They were still called the Buffalo Soldiers and were still led by white officers.
他们仍被叫作"水牛战士"并仍然由白人军官领导.
They were kept separate from white soldiers until the Korean War (1950–1953), when they were mixed in with other units.
他们与白人士兵被分开,直到朝鲜战争(1950–1953年),他们与其他部队混入.
A unit of black and white soldiers serves together in Korea in 1950.
1950年,一支由黑白士兵组成的部队在韩国共同服役.
Buffalo Soldiers on Bikes In the 1890s, the army wanted to see if bikes could replace horses since bikes were cheaper and easier to care for.
骑自行车的水牛战士 1890年代,由于自行车价格更便宜,也更容易被照顾,军队想看看机车是否可以取代马.
The Buffalo Soldiers rode 1,900 miles from Fort Missoula, Montana, to St.
水牛战士们从蒙大拿州米苏拉堡出行了1900英里,到达了圣.
Louis, Missouri.
(原始内容存档于2018-10-21). Louis, Missouri.
The roads were bad.
路况不好
They crossed the Rockies, rivers, and shifting sandhills, and still averaged 50 miles a day.
他们穿过落基山脉,河流,并移动了沙丘,仍然平均每天50英里.
Before long, though, bikes were replaced with motorcycles.
不过,不久之后,自行车被替换为摩托车.
The Buffalo Soldiers’ Legacy History remembers the Buffalo Soldiers as tough men who took on tough jobs.
水牛战士的遗事史记起水牛战士是坚韧的,
Although they were often treated poorly and often faced discrimination, they fought to prove they were good at their jobs.
虽然她们往往受到不平等待遇并常常受到歧视,但他们努力证明自己善于工作。
Their bravery and service are an important part of America’s story.
他们的勇敢与服务是美国故事的重要组成部分.