Slithery Snakes

美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习

Table of Contents Introduction.

导言表。

4 Snake Traits.

四蛇特质。

6 Hunting and Eating.

6 猎取与取食.

11 How Snakes Are Born.

11"蛇出世"(How Snakes Are Born).

12 Venomous Snakes.

十二阴行蛇.

13 Conclusion.

13 结论。

15 Glossary.

15 词汇。

16 Introduction Snakes are reptiles, a class of animals that also includes lizards and turtles.

16 导言蛇是爬行动物,是一类动物,也包括蜥蜴和龟.

Snakes have no limbs.

蛇无四肢.

They come in many lengths, patterns, and colors.

它们有很多长度,图案和颜色。

There are several thousand types of snakes.

蛇有数千种.

They live in oceans, in trees, and on land, and they have adapted to survive in unusual ways.

它们生活在海洋、树木和陆地上,它们以不同寻常的方式适应生存。

There are thousands of kinds of snakes in the world, but only a few hundred are dangerous.

天下有上千种之蛇相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相去相相去相去相去相去相去相

Snakes live almost everywhere except Antarctica.

除了南极洲,蛇几乎无所不在

Some places don’t have any snakes.

有些地方没有蛇。

Snakes do not live in the wild on islands such as Ireland, New Zealand, and Iceland.

蛇在爱尔兰,新西兰和冰岛等岛屿上并不活在野外.

Some snakes in the wild may live up to twenty-five years.

一些野生蛇可能活到25年.

NORTH AMERICA SOUTH AMERICA PACIFIC OCEAN PACIFIC OCEAN INDIAN OCEAN ATLANTIC OCEAN ASIA AUSTRALIA ANTARCTICA AFRICA EUROPE Where Snakes Live Land snakes Sea snakes Biggest and Smallest The largest snake is the green anaconda.

北美 南美洲 太平洋 印度洋 印度洋 澳大利亚 非洲 欧洲 蛇活在陆地上 大而小的海蛇 最大的蛇是绿色的Anaconda.

A full-grown green anaconda can be close to 10 meters (33 ft.)

出土的全长绿色角膜可接近10米(33英尺).

long and weigh more than 230 kilograms (507 lb.)

长而重230多公斤(507磅)

One of the smallest snakes is the thread snake.

一条最小的蛇是线蛇.

It is only about 12 centimeters (4 in.)

它只有约12厘米(4英寸).

long.

长.

Snake Traits Like all reptiles, snakes are cold-blooded.

蛇特质 和所有爬行动物一样,蛇是冷血的.

Their body temperature changes as the temperature around them changes.

他们的体温随着周围温度的变化而变化.

If a snake needs to warm up, it lies in the sun.

若有蛇需要取暖,则活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活

If it needs to cool down, it rests in the shade.

如果它需要冷却, 它停留在阴影。

Snakes become much less active in winter.

蛇在冬季的活性要低得多.

Some snakes that live through cold winters find a place underground or beneath a rock pile to stay warm.

一些活过寒冬的蛇会找到地下或岩石堆下的地方来保持温暖.

Another way snakes stay warm is by looping around each other to share body heat.

蛇的另一种保持温暖的方式是环相绕来分享体热.

The red-sided garter snakes of Canada hibernate in bunches during the winter.

加拿大红边吊带蛇在冬季会被打成堆.

They come out from their dens in the spring.

出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出

Snakes have a long backbone with ribs.

蛇有长长的骨干有肋骨.

Their backbone is made up of many separate bones.

他们的骨干由许多独立的骨骼组成.

Because of this, they can move in many different ways.

由于这个原因,它们可以在许多不同的方式移动.

A snake’s body is covered in scales.

蛇的身体被鳞片覆盖.

The scales protect it.

天平保护它。

They also help keep the snake dry.

它们也帮助保持了蛇干.

The scales grow from the snake’s skin.

鳞从蛇皮而出.

Some snakes’ scales are colorful.

有些蛇的鳞片多彩.

Other scales help them blend in with their surroundings.

其它尺度可以帮助它们融入周围环境。

Since snakes have no arms or legs, they use their scales and muscles to move.

由于蛇没有手臂和腿,所以会用鳞片和肌肉来移动.

The scales on their belly tightly grip the surface beneath them.

腹部的鳞片紧紧地压住地表

Their muscles help them move from side to side, or slither, along the ground.

它们的肌肉帮助它们沿着地表从一侧向一侧移动,或者分光.

Some snakes even use their muscles and scales to climb trees.

有些蛇甚至会用肌肉和鳞片来爬树.

Snake scales are made up of the same substance as human fingernails.

蛇鳞由与人指甲相同的物质所组成.

Snake scales look like a single sheet of skin.

蛇鳞外观为单片皮.

Snakes don’t really shed skin.

蛇不会真的掉出皮肤。

Instead, they shed the outer layers of their scales.

相反,它们掉下它们天平的外层.

Snakes may shed up to four times per year.

蛇每年最多会倒出四次.

This is called molting.

这叫"倒地"

During molting, a snake rubs against a hard object such as a rock or log.

在被熔化时,一蛇会向岩石或木头等硬物上摩擦.

Rubbing helps its skin stretch and split.

捣烂会帮助其皮肤伸展并分出.

Then the snake crawls out and leaves it behind.

然后被蛇爬出并留下来.

Snakes shed for several reasons.

蛇出走有好几个原因.

Young snakes shed more often than older snakes because they outgrow the skin faster.

幼蛇出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出

Unlike other animals, snakes’ skin does not stretch as they grow.

与其他动物不同,蛇的皮肤不会随着生长而伸展.

Another reason snakes shed is to get rid of parasites that may grab on to their old skin.

蛇出没的另一个原因是去除寄生虫,这些寄生虫会抓住它们的老皮肤.

It can take up to fourteen days for some snakes to shed.

一些蛇出走需要14天的时间.

Scales also protect a snake’s eyes.

天平也保护了蛇的眼睛.

Unlike many animals, snakes do not have eyelids.

与许多动物不同,蛇没有眼皮.

Instead, each eye is covered with a clear scale that protects it from drying out.

相反,每只眼睛都覆盖着一个清晰的尺度来保护它不被干涸.

Because of this, snakes can’t blink.

蛇不会眨眼。

Snakes do not have ears you can see.

蛇没有你可以看到的耳朵。

Instead, sound passes through the jawbone to the inner ear, which sends a signal to the snake’s brain.

相反地,声音通过下颚骨传入内耳,这向蛇的大脑发出信号.

Snakes have developed a different way to hear sounds with this method.

蛇用这种方法发展出一种不同的听觉方式.

Snakes’ eyes adapt to daylight or night.

蛇的眼睛适应了白天或夜晚。

Another important feature of a snake is its tongue.

蛇的另一个重要特征是它的舌头.

A snake smells with its tongue.

有蛇以舌相闻.

Its forked tongue picks up scents from the air.

它的叉舌从空气中取出香味.

Scent particles stick to the tongue.

辛微粒粘住舌头.

The snake then pulls its tongue back into its mouth.

蛇再把舌头拉回口中.

When its tongue touches the roof of its mouth, a special organ helps to identify the scent.

当它的舌头碰到口腔的屋顶时,一个特殊的器官会帮助识别出气味.

Some snakes are able to sense the heat of animals nearby.

有些蛇能感知到附近动物的发热.

Pits near the snake’s eyes can sense the air temperature.

靠近蛇眼的坑能感知到气温.

This kind of sensing helps these snakes judge distances so they can hunt for prey in the dark.

这种感知帮助这些蛇判断距离,这样它们可以在黑暗中猎取猎物.

A forked tongue tells a snake where a smell is coming from.

叉舌相告一蛇从何处出出一味.

Hunting and Eating Snakes are carnivores, or meat eaters.

猎取和吃蛇是食肉动物,或吃肉.

They eat other animals in one of three ways.

他们以三种方式之一吃其他动物.

Some snakes use venom when biting their prey.

一些蛇咬猎物时会使用毒液.

Other snakes, called constrictors, squeeze their prey to death before swallowing it.

其他被称作收缩活口的蛇会先将猎物挤死再吞下.

Some snakes grab their prey with their jaws and swallow it alive.

有的蛇用下巴抓取猎物活吞.

Most snakes’ upper and lower jaws are loosely connected.

大部分蛇的上下下颚的连接松散.

As a result, a snake can spread its jaws and open its mouth wide enough to swallow large objects.

因此,一条蛇可以将下颚展开并张开足够宽的口来吞噬大型物体.

Snakes’ teeth are mainly made for catching and holding prey.

蛇的牙齿主要用于捕捉和捕捉猎物.

Their fangs and other teeth curve backward, which pushes food toward their throat.

它们的尖牙和其他牙齿向后弯 将食物推向喉咙

They push their breathing tube out of their mouth so they can breathe as they swallow their prey whole.

它们把呼吸管从口中推出 这样它们就能在吞下全部猎物时呼吸

Snakes use strong muscles to move the prey into the stomach and intestines.

蛇会用强壮的肌肉将猎物移入胃和肠.

Strong stomach acids turn the prey into liquid so the snake can digest it easier.

强烈的胃酸会使猎物变成液体,使蛇更容易消化.

How Snakes Are Born Most snakes that live in cold areas mate in the late spring or early summer.

蛇是如何诞生的 大多数生活在寒冷地区的蛇会于春季后期或夏季初交配.

Snakes that live in warmer areas may mate at any time of year.

生活在更温暖地区的蛇每年的任何时间都可以交配.

The male snake usually leaves afterward.

雄性蛇通常会后出.

About two-thirds of all female snakes lay eggs in a safe place and then leave.

大约三分之二的雌蛇在安全的地方产卵,然后离开.

Baby snakes grow inside the eggs.

婴儿蛇长入卵内.

Most of them have sharp teeth that they use to cut through the egg to hatch.

它们大多有尖牙,用来切出卵来孵出.

Once a baby snake leaves the egg, it must face many dangers and survive on its own.

一旦一条小蛇离开卵子,它必须面对许多危险并靠自己生存.

Some female snakes hold their eggs inside their body until they hatch.

一些雌性蛇会把卵放入体内直到孵出.

Then they give birth to live babies.

后生活胎.

Baby snakes hatch by biting through their shell.

婴儿蛇通过咬穿外壳孵出.

Venomous Snakes Venom is a dangerous substance.

恶毒蛇 病毒是一种危险物质。

Venom comes from the fangs on a snake’s jaws.

毒液来自蛇下巴上的尖牙.

Venom is made in sacs behind a snake’s eyes.

毒液是蛇眼后用阴囊做的。

Some fangs are hollow so the venom can flow through them from these sacs.

有些尖牙是空心的,所以毒液可以从这些囊中流出.

Venom flows from a snake’s venom sacs through its fangs.

毒液会从蛇的毒囊中流出,

Eastern diamondback rattlesnake Snakes use venom to defend and attack.

东方钻石背响蛇用毒来防御和攻击.

Snakes usually inject more venom when they are defending themselves.

蛇在自卫时通常会注入更多的毒液.

The venom paralyzes their prey.

毒液使猎物瘫痪.

Some inject venom and let the prey go.

有的注射了毒液,放走猎物.

Then they track the prey until it dies.

然后他们跟踪猎物直到它死去。

Other snakes use their teeth or body to hold on to prey until it dies.

其他蛇会用牙齿或身体来抓活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活

Then they eat it.

然后他们吃了它。

Snakes do not chew prey.

蛇不会咬猎物

Instead, they swallow it whole.

相反,他们完全吞下它。

Venom versus Poison Although commonly confused, venom and poison are not the same thing.

病毒对毒性 虽然常见的困惑,但毒液和毒液并不相同.

Poison is absorbed through the skin, eaten, or breathed in, while venom is injected into the victim by means of a bite or sting.

毒性通过皮肤被吸收,被食用或被吸入,而毒液则被咬入或被刺入被害者体内.

Conclusion Snakes are among the animal kingdom’s strongest hunters.

蛇是动物王国最强的猎人之一。

They have survived in most places all over the world.

他们在全世界大多数地方活了下来。

Their senses have adapted to the natural world in many ways.

他们的感官在许多方面适应了自然世界.

Snakes are fascinating animals that play an important role in our environment.

蛇是引人入胜的动物 对我们的环境有重要作用