Ramses II
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents A Royal Surprise.
皇家惊喜目录
4 Becoming the Pharaoh.
4个 成为法老。
5 Warrior and Pharaoh.
5个勇士和法老
8 Ramses II’s Buildings.
8 拉美西斯二世大楼。
9 Battles.
9场战役.
11 Ramses the Great.
11拉美西斯大帝(英语:
14 Glossary.
14 词汇表。
16 This huge statue of Ramses II weighs 6.
第 16 条 这尊巨大的"拉美西斯二世"雕像重6.
58 mt (7.
58米(7.
25 t.)
25个t.)
It is currently in the British Museum.
现藏于大英博物馆.
A Royal Surprise Thousands of years ago, in the year 1303 bc, Ramses II was born in Egypt.
一个皇家惊喜 数千年前的1303 bc年,拉美西斯二世生于埃及.
His father, Seti I, and mother, Mut-Tuy (MOOT TOO-ee), probably didn’t expect their son to become king.
他的父亲塞蒂一世和母亲穆特-图伊(英语:Mut-Tuy (Mooto-ee))可能没想到他们的儿子会成为国王.
They weren’t even members of the king’s family.
他们甚至不是国王的家人。
Still, Ramses became one of the most famous leaders during a time in Egypt called the New Kingdom.
尽管如此,拉美西斯还是成为了埃及时期最有名的领导人之一,被称为"新王国".
In fact, Ramses II was one of the most important pharaohs in all of ancient Egypt.
事实上,拉美西斯二世是整个古埃及最重要的法老之一.
MEDITERRANEAN SEA RED SEA NUBIA Kadesh Pi-Ramesse Abu Simbel Abydos Ramesseum Thebes Karnak Nile River Nile River Delta Orontes River Hittite Empire Egyptian Empire Becoming the Pharaoh Several years before Ramses, Horemheb was king.
在拉美西斯统治前数年,黑特帝国成为法老。
Horemheb liked Ramses’s grandfather and made him next in line to the throne.
Horemheb喜欢拉美西斯的外公,使他排在王位的旁边.
When the king died, Ramses’s grandfather became king.
国王去世后,拉美西斯的外祖父成为国王.
When he died a few years later, Ramses’s father was king.
几年后去世后,拉美西斯的父亲是国王.
Ramses was next in line.
拉美西斯是下一个排队。
Ramses II learned the skills he’ d need to rule Egypt by working with his father, the king.
拉美西斯二世与他的父亲国王合作,学会了统治埃及所需的技能。
One surviving piece of art shows Ramses helping his father with religious duties.
一个幸存的艺术品显示拉美西斯帮助他的父亲履行宗教职责.
Another shows Ramses and his father roping a bull.
另一个显示拉美西斯和他父亲在打一头公牛.
Ramses needed strength to lead his army into battle.
拉美西斯需要力量来带领他的军队出战.
Things such as roping bulls and riding wild horses helped him prepare for his duties as king.
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Ramses became a captain in the army when he was very young.
拉美西斯在很小的时候就成为了陆军中队长.
Seti I gave Ramses titles and tasks as a leader to help prepare him to rule.
赛蒂 我给了拉美西斯头衔和任务 作为领导者帮助他准备统治。
Carvings show crown prince Ramses with his father roping a bull (top) and making an offering to the god Amun (bottom).
雕刻显示皇太子 拉美西斯与他的父亲一起打出一头公牛(上)并献给神阿蒙(下).
Ramses dedicated an elaborate building to Nefertari (left).
拉美西斯将一栋精心设计的建筑献给内费塔里(左).
He decorated it with huge statues of Nefertari, himself, and their children.
他用巨大的尼费塔里雕像来装饰它,他本人和他们的孩子们.
Workers carved the building from solid sandstone (below).
工人从固体砂岩(下)上刻出建筑.
Ramses was thought of as an adult by the time he was a teenager.
拉美西斯在少年时代就被认为是成年人.
He traveled with his father to gain experience.
他随父亲出行以获得经验.
He also had his own home.
他还有自己的家。
Ramses married his first wife when he was about fifteen.
拉美西斯大约15岁时就嫁给了自己的第一任妻子.
At the time, it was common for rulers to marry more than one wife, and Ramses followed the custom.
当时,统治者通常要多娶一个妻子,拉美西斯也遵循了这个习俗.
Many historians think Ramses married eight or more times.
许多历史学家认为拉美西斯结婚八次或更多次.
His first wife, Nefertari, remained his favorite.
他的第一任妻子内费塔里仍然是他最爱的.
This scene from an ancient wall shows Ramses and his two sons in battle.
这一出出自一出出古城墙的场景显示了拉美西斯和他的两个儿子在战斗中.
A giant statue of Ramses II in Luxor, Egypt Warrior and Pharaoh Ramses was in charge of the army during Seti I’s rule.
埃及勇士和法老拉美西斯在塞蒂一世统治期间,
He became known as a brave soldier.
他成为了一位勇敢的士兵。
Stone carvings show Ramses going into battle with his two oldest sons.
石雕显示拉美西斯与他的两个最年长的儿子出战.
Historians think this battle took place in Nubia, a country south of Egypt at that time.
历史学家认为这场战役发生在当时埃及以南的努比亚.
Nubia had plenty of gold and other riches, so kings of Egypt and Nubia often fought for its control.
努比亚拥有丰富的黄金和其他财富,因此埃及和努比亚的国王们经常为控制它而战.
Ramses was about twenty-five when Seti I died, which made Ramses king.
拉美西斯在塞蒂一世去世时大约25岁,这使得拉美西斯成为了国王.
Visitors are dwarfed by the huge columns of the Great Hypostyle Hall of Karnak.
参观者被卡纳克大假说会堂的巨大柱子所矮化.
The hall covers 5,000 square meters (50,000 sq.
该堂占地5000平方米(50,000平方公尺.
ft.)
ft.) (中文(简体) ).
Ramses II’s Buildings Before his death, Seti I had begun building a huge hall at the temple at Karnak containing 134 tall columns.
拉美西斯二世去世前的建筑,塞蒂 我开始在Karnak的寺庙建造一个大堂,里面有134个高柱.
Artists decorated its walls by carving away backgrounds and leaving behind raised pictures.
艺术家们用雕刻来装饰其墙壁,刻出出背景并留下了被提升出的照片.
Ramses soon directed workers to carve images directly into the stone.
拉美西斯很快指示工人将图像直接刻入石头.
This made the carvings easier and faster.
这使得雕刻更加简单快活.
He may have ordered the change to speed things up.
他可能已经下令改变 以加速事情的发展
He doubled the rate of building and ended up building more temples than any other king.
他将建造速度翻了一番,最终建造了比其他任何国王都多的寺庙.
The Ramesseum was built to honor Ramses II and keep the memory of him alive forever.
拉梅塞姆号的建造是为了纪念拉美西斯二世并永远地保持对他的记忆.
Ramses certainly seemed eager to speed up his father’s building program.
拉美西斯似乎急于加速他父亲的建筑计划。
He built two temples at Abu Simbel.
他在阿布·辛贝尔建造了两所寺庙.
One was for him, and a second smaller temple was for Nefertari.
一个是给他的,第二个较小的庙宇是给尼费塔里.
He built a temple in Thebes known as the Ramesseum.
他在特布斯建造了一座被称作"拉梅塞姆"的寺庙.
He even built a new capital city.
他甚至还新建了都城.
The city placed Ramses closer to his long- standing enemies, the Hittites.
这座城市让拉美西斯更接近他长期站立的敌人赫梯人.
They lived in an area now known as Syria.
他们住在现在被称为叙利亚的地区。
Artwork shows Ramses on his chariot.
艺术表演 拉美西斯在他的战车。
The Hittites alone had about 2,500 chariots in the battle.
仅赫梯人就有约2500辆战车在战斗中出战.
Battles Soon after Ramses II became king, he successfully battled and took back lands that had been taken by the Hittites.
拉美西斯二世出任国王后不久,他成功出战并夺回被赫梯人夺取的土地.
Later, the Hittites captured Kadesh, an important trade city in Syria.
后来,赫梯人占领了叙利亚重要的贸易城市卡德什.
Ramses led about twenty thousand soldiers and two thousand chariots to take the city.
拉美西斯率领了大约2万士兵和2千辆战车攻取了这座城市.
This battle became one of the most famous events of Ramses II’s rule.
这场战斗成为拉美西斯二世统治最出名的事件之一.
It holds the record as the world’s largest chariot battle.
它创下了世界最大的战车战役纪录。
Ramses claimed that he faced the enemy alone.
拉美西斯声称自己独自面对敌人.
The battle was reported as a clear Egyptian victory.
该战役被报道为埃及明确的胜利.
From looking at Hittite records, though, scholars think the battle was a draw.
但从看赫梯人的记录来看,学者们认为这场战役是一场平局.
Many carvings and other works show the battle of Kadesh, but the details of the battle vary between the Egyptian and Hittite accounts.
许多雕刻和其他作品展现出卡德什之战,但战事的细节在埃及和赫特人的说法之间有所不同.
Ramses thought the Hittite army was still many miles north, so he divided his forces to capture Kadesh.
拉美西斯认为赫梯人军队仍然北上多英里,于是分道扬镳地出兵攻克克德什.
One group went ahead of him as scouts.
一群人作为侦察兵领先他
Another group followed a day behind.
另一组人跟后一天。
A third group circled around to attack from the far side.
第三组在周围盘旋,从远方出击。
When Ramses learned that the Hittite army was much closer than he thought, he sent for help.
当拉美西斯得知赫特人军队比他所想的要近得多后,便派去求救.
The Hittite army then attacked Ramses’s men.
赫特人军队随后袭击了拉美西斯的人.
Two versions of the peace treaty survive today, one written in Egyptian hieroglyphs (left) and the other in the language of the Hittites (right).
和平条约的两个版本今天还活了下来,一个用埃及象形文字(左)写出,另一个用赫梯人的语言(右)写出.
As Ramses reported, he held off the enemy by himself while the rest of his army fled.
正如拉美西斯所报道的那样,他在他所剩的军队出逃时,独自挡住敌人.
Other records say that part of Ramses’s army arrived just in time to save the king.
其他记录说拉美西斯的部分军队及时赶来拯救国王.
Both sides suffered heavy losses.
双方损失惨重.
The two kings stopped fighting, and Ramses and his army went home.
二王停止了战斗,拉美西斯和军队也回家了.
Over the following year, Ramses ordered many wall carvings of the battle.
次年,拉美西斯订购了多道战役的墙体雕刻.
All of them showed him as a hero.
他们都把他当英雄看
Fifteen years later, the two nations were about to go to war again.
十五年后,两国相继出战.
This time, though, Ramses decided against another war so far to the north.
不过这次,拉美西斯却决定反对迄今为止向北的另一场战争.
Ramses II and the Hittite king agreed to make peace.
拉美西斯二世和赫梯人国王同意和好.
Giant sculptures of Ramses II are on either side of the main entrance to the temple at Abu Simbel.
拉美西斯二世的巨雕位于阿布·西姆贝尔圣殿正出入口的两侧.
Ramses the Great Ramses II died of natural causes at the age of ninety-one.
拉美西斯大公公公二世于91岁因自然原因去世.
His thirteenth son became king.
他的第十三子成为了国王.
However, the dynasty was nearly over.
然而,王朝已经快结束了.
One hundred fifty years after Ramses’s death, the New Kingdom came to an end.
拉美西斯死后150年,新王国宣告终结.
Today, Ramses II is known as Ramses the Great.
今天,拉美西斯二世被称作"拉美西斯大帝".
We know more about the people of his time thanks to the art, buildings, and records he left behind.
我们更了解他时代的人们,多亏了艺术,建筑,和记录他留下的.