Puffins

美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习

Table of Contents Sea Clowns.

内容海小丑表.

4 Meet the Puffins.

4个 见普法会.

5 Puffin Habits.

5个Puffin Habits.

11 Protecting Puffins.

11"保护活猫".

13 Seeing Puffins.

13 见普法.

15 Glossary.

15 词汇。

16 Sea Clowns If you’ve ever seen a puffin, you’re not likely to forget it.

16只海小丑 若你见过海豚,

Even if you haven’t, you probably know what these charming birds look like.

即使你没有,你可能知道这些迷人的鸟类是什么样子。

Their plump little bodies, black and white feathers, and huge, colorful beaks are funny and unusual.

它们的羽毛细小,有黑有白的羽毛,而巨大的,多彩的喙也很有趣和不寻常.

Their appearance is just one of the reasons people enjoy watching and learning about them.

他们的外表只是人们喜欢观看和了解他们的原因之一.

Puffins are nicknamed “clowns of the sea.”

Puffins被昵称为"海洋的小丑".

Meet the Puffins Puffins are seabirds—birds that spend most of their lives on the open ocean.

见一见花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花花

They are skillful swimmers that zoom through the water using their wings as flippers and their feet to steer.

他们是高技能的游泳运动员,他们利用翅膀作为翻转器在水中放大并用脚来向上行驶.

They can dive 100 feet (30 m) or more and stay underwater for about half a minute.

它们可以下潜100英尺(30米)或以上并停留在水下约半分钟.

Puffins also fly well and can walk with ease over rocks and soil.

松鼠也飞行良好,可以轻松地走过岩石和土壤.

Puffins live in the North Atlantic and North Pacific Oceans.

普芬斯生活在北大西洋和北太平洋.

From mid-spring through summer, they live in nesting groups on islands and coastal cliffs.

从春分中期到夏季,他们生活在岛屿和沿海悬崖的巢穴群中.

During this time of year, the breeding season, they “dress up” to attract a mate.

在每年繁殖季节的这个时候,他们“穿好衣服”以吸引配偶。

They have large, colorful beaks, areas of white feathers, and extra feathers for decoration.

它们有大而多彩的喙,有白色羽毛的区域,并有额外的羽毛来作装饰.

Also, their webbed feet become bright orange.

而且,它们的被子脚会变成亮橙色.

The rest of the year, while at sea, they are mainly black, white, and gray.

其余年份在出海期间以黑,白,灰为主.

The four types of puffins each have features that help people tell them apart.

4个种类的泡泡都有能帮助人们分辨的特征.

Puffins swim as if they’re flying underwater.

便便会游泳,

When puffins fly, they flap their wings as fast as 400 beats per minute.

当海豚飞起时,它们会飞快到每分钟400拍.

Do You Know?

你知道吗?

The scientific name for the Atlantic puffin is Fratercula arctica, which is Latin for “little brother of the north.”

大西洋海豚的科学名称是 " Fratercula arctica " ,是拉丁语,意为 " 北方的弟弟 " 。 “

One of the largest Atlantic puffin colonies is in the Labrador Sea, near Canada.

最大的大西洋海豚殖民地之一位于加拿大附近的拉布拉多海.

Atlantic puffins live on both sides of the North Atlantic Ocean.

大西洋海豚生活在北大西洋两岸.

They are the smallest puffins and the least fancy when they are “dressed up.”

当它们“穿好衣服”时,它们是最小的海绵和最小的花样。 “

Their beak has a bright orange tip and a blue-gray part trimmed in yellow.

它们的喙有亮橙色尖端和被黄色修剪的蓝灰色部分.

They have orange feet and a white face, chest, and belly.

他们有橙色的脚和白色的相貌,胸部和肚皮.

Adult male and female puffins of each type look alike, but the males may be a bit larger.

每种种类的成年雄性和雌性海豚都长相相似,但雄性可能更大一些.

Young puffins look like non-breeding adults.

年幼的海豚看起来像是非繁殖的成年人.

Horned puffins live in the North Pacific Ocean, mainly south of the Arctic Circle.

黄蜂海豚生活在北太平洋,主要栖息于北极圈以南.

During the breeding season, they look like Atlantic puffins with their white face, chest, and belly.

在繁殖季节,它们长相像大西洋海豚,有白脸,胸部和肚皮.

However, they have a yellow (instead of blue-gray) area at the base of their beak.

然而,它们的喙底部有一个黄色(而不是蓝灰色)区域.

They also have a thin group of black “eyelashes” above each eye.

它们每只眼睛上还有一薄的黑色“眼睫毛”。

The eyelashes make horned puffins look as though they’re wearing makeup.

眼睫毛让角状的海绵看起来像是化妆品。

Adult Atlantic puffins are 10 to 12.

成年大西洋海豚为10到12分.

5 inches (25 to 32 cm) tall.

高5英寸(25至32厘米).

Adult horned puffins average 15 inches (38 cm) tall.

成年角羽花的平均高15英寸(38厘米).

Tufted puffins are found on both sides of the North Pacific Ocean.

北太平洋两岸都出土有羽毛.

They live as far north as Alaska and as far south as Japan and central California.

分布于北至阿拉斯加以及南至日本和加州中部等地.

In contrast to Atlantic and horned puffins, tufted puffins have a black chest and belly.

与大西洋和角状海平面相对的是被弯曲的海平面有黑色的胸部和肚子.

In winter, they’re black with large red- orange beaks.

在冬天,它们用大红橙嘴是黑色的。

During the breeding season, they have a white mask, an olive-yellow beak section, and orange eye rings.

在繁殖季节,它们有白色口罩,橄榄黄色的喙部分和橙色眼环.

Also, they grow long gold feathers above their eyes.

此外,它们还长出眼睛上方的长出金羽毛.

Rhinoceros auklets are less well known than the other puffins.

犀牛亚科(学名:Rhinoceros auklets)比起其他海豚来更不为人所知.

They also look very different.

它们看起来也非常不同。

For this reason, they are sometimes thought to be close cousins instead of actual puffins.

出于这个原因,他们有时被认为是亲近的堂兄弟,而不是真正的海豚.

“Rhinos” live along the Pacific coast of North America and along the coast of Asia near Japan.

“犀牛”生活在北美太平洋沿岸和日本附近的亚洲沿岸。

During the breeding season, their thin yellow-orange bill has a short “horn” at the base.

在繁殖季节,它们的薄黄色-橙色法案在基地有一个短的"角".

Rhinos are dark brown on their back and lighter brown on their chest and belly.

犀牛背上为深褐色,胸部和腹部为浅褐色.

They have two thin stripes of white feathers on each side of their head.

它们头部两侧有两条细长的白色羽毛.

Adult tufted puffins average 15 inches (38 cm) tall.

成人绒毛绒毛平均高15英寸(38厘米).

Adult rhinoceros auklets average 13.

成年犀牛平均13只.

8 to 15 inches (35 to 38 cm) tall.

8至15英寸(35至38厘米)高.

Puffin Habits Puffins usually return from the sea in late March or early April.

Puffin Habits Puffins通常于3月下旬或4月初从海上返回.

During the breeding season, they often live in groups of several thousand birds.

在繁殖季节,它们常被成群地栖息于数千只鸟类.

They usually stay with the same mate and return to the same nesting sites year after year.

它们通常会与同配同住并年复一年地返回同配巢地.

Once they return, each pair prepares a burrow.

一旦他们返回, 每一对准备一个地窖。

Then the female lays a single egg.

然后雌鸟产出一卵.

Some types of puffins dig burrows in soft soil.

有些种类的海豚会从软土中挖出洞来.

Others make nests in openings between rocks on cliffs.

其他人在悬崖上岩石之间的开口处筑巢.

Parents take turns keeping the egg warm.

父母轮流为鸡蛋取暖.

Both parents feed the chick for one to two months until it can fly.

双亲喂养小鸡一到两个月,直到它能飞.

Puffins become adults at around five years of age.

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They can live for twenty years or more.

他们可以活20年或更长时间。

Puffins mainly eat small fish.

小鱼主要吃小鱼.

In winter, when fewer fish are available, they may also eat squid, shrimp, crabs, and other small animals.

在冬季,当鱼少时,它们也可能吃鱿鱼,虾,螃蟹等小动物.

Adult puffins eat underwater.

成年海豚在水下吃东西.

They also collect fish to take back to their chicks.

他们还收集鱼来取回雏鸟.

Puffins can carry fifteen or more fish in their beak at a time.

普活鱼一次在喙中可以携带15条或更多鱼.

They hold the fish with their rough tongue and spines on the roof of their mouth.

它们用粗糙的舌头和脊椎来牵住鱼口的屋顶.

Wowser!

哗!

Puffins have been seen carrying sixty or more fish at a time.

一次有六十多条鱼被看到

A newly hatched puffin is called a puffling!

新孵出一头海豚就叫"海豚"

Puffins can “stack” an average of ten fish at a time.

Puffins每次平均可以"抓十条鱼".

Protecting Puffins Humans have hunted puffins for hundreds of years for their meat, eggs, and feathers.

保护普芬斯人类已经为他们的肉,蛋和羽毛猎取了数百年的花花生.

In some places, these seabirds are still hunted.

在一些地方,这些海鸟仍然被猎取.

Humans also put puffins in danger in other ways.

人类还以其他方式将海豚置于危险之中.

They catch large numbers of the cold- water fish that puffins eat.

它们捕取了大量的冷水鱼 水泡吃。

Warmer ocean water because of climate change also means less food for puffins.

由于气候变化,温暖的海水也意味着海豚的食物减少。

Some types of fish that are now common are too big for chicks to eat.

现在常见的一些种类的鱼,体型太大,小鸡吃不下.

Puffins also get caught in fishing nets, and they are hurt by pollution and swallowing plastics.

被鱼网所捕取的还有被污染和吞食的塑料所伤.

Humans have bothered many of their nesting areas.

人类已经打扰了许多它们的巢穴区域.

Puffins are also in danger because of other animals that hunt them, including gulls, eagles, rats, and foxes.

普法克也因为其他猎取它们的动物而处于危险之中,包括鸥,鹰,老鼠和狐狸.

In places where puffins live, people are working to solve the problems so these amazing seabirds can stay alive.

在海豚生活的地方 人们都在努力解决问题 这样这些海鸟才能活下来

Meet a Puffin Expert In the early 1970s, wildlife scientist Dr.

见个巴芬专家 20世纪70年代初,野生动物科学家 Dr.

Stephen Kress visited Eastern Egg Rock, a small island off the coast of Maine.

史蒂芬·克雷斯(Stephen Kress)参观了缅因州近海的一个小岛"东卵岩".

Atlantic puffins had lived there one hundred years earlier.

大西洋海豚在一百年前就住在那里了

Dr.

医生

Kress wondered if it might be possible to bring them back.

Kress想知道能否把他们带回来

He started Project Puffin and figured out how to bring the birds back to Eastern Egg Rock.

他发起了"普芬计划"并想出如何将鸟类带回东蛋岩.

As of 2014, the island had 148 breeding pairs.

截至2014年,该岛有148对繁殖对.

Project Puffin is sponsored by the National Audubon Society, which works to protect birds, other wildlife, and their habitats.

普芬项目由致力于保护鸟类,其他野生动物及其栖息地的国家奥杜邦学会赞助.

To learn more about Project Puffin, visit the program’s website: http://projectpuffin.

要了解更多有关Puffin项目的情况,请访问该程序的网站:http://projectpuffin。

audubon.

奥杜邦

org/.

沃尔克/.

Dr.

医生

Steve Kress A tufted puffin patiently waits for fish—or admires its own reflection in the water!

史蒂夫·克赖斯 或欣赏自己在水中的反射;

Seeing Puffins To see puffins in the wild, keep in mind that they’re out at sea for many months each year.

见"花花公子" 在野外看到海豚,

They’re only on land during the breeding season.

在繁殖季节,

They’ll mainly be found on cliffs and islands that are hard to reach.

他们主要分布在难以到达的悬崖和岛屿上。

However, it’s worth the effort if you can get there.

如果你能到那里,

Choose a place that allows people to look for wildlife.

选择一个允许人们寻找野生动物的地方.

You may have an easier time seeing puffins on a boat tour.

你可能比较容易在船上看到海豚

You’ll probably be able to see them from a closer distance.

你或许能从更近的距离看到他们。

Wherever you go to see puffins, take binoculars and a camera.

无论你去哪里看海豚 都拿望远镜和相机

Without a doubt, you’ll enjoy watching these wonderful, special birds.

当然,你会喜欢看这些奇妙而特别的鸟类。

Glossary breeding a time of the year when animals season (n.)

词汇育种是一年中动物季节(n.

of a particular species reproduce (p.

特定物种的繁殖(p.

6) burrow (n.)

6) 洞穴 (n.

a hole dug in the ground by an animal for use as a home (p.

一个被动物从地上挖出作为家用(p.

11) climate the long-term, lasting changes change (n.)

11) 长期而持久的变化(n.)

in Earth’s weather patterns or the weather patterns of a region (p.

在地球天气模式或某一区域的天气模式中(p.

13) coastal (adj.)

13) 沿海 (adj.

having to do with the coast of a sea or ocean (p.

与一海或一海洋的海岸有关(p.

6) mate (n.)

6) 伴侣(n.)

the partner of an animal (p.

动物的伴侣(p.

6) nesting members of an animal species groups (n.)

6) 筑巢动物物种群成员 (n.

that live in the same area during the breeding season in order to find mates and reproduce (p.

在繁殖季节生活在同一区域的人,以便找到配方和繁殖(p.

6) spines (n.)

6)脊椎(n.

hard, pointed parts on the body of some plants, mammals, fish, and invertebrates (p.

一些植物,哺乳动物,鱼类,和无脊椎动物体内有坚硬,尖锐的部分(p.

12) tufted (adj.)

12)被打乱(adj.

having a cluster of strands such as feathers, hair, or grass that grow close together (p.

有羽毛,毛发等一串线条,或生长相近的草(p.

9) webbed (adj.)

9) 网床 (adj.

having fingers or toes joined by thin skin (p.

有手指或脚趾与薄皮相接(p.

6) An Atlantic puffin stands outside its den on a coastal cliff in Iceland.

6) 大西洋海豚站到其地穴外的冰岛海岸悬崖上.