Supreme Court
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents Men and Women Are Equal.
男女内容平等表。
4 A Cowgirl for Justice.
4个牛女争取正义。
8 Sandra Day O’Connor.
第8条 桑德拉语Name 戴·奥康纳.
9 Ruth Joins Sandra.
9. 露丝加入桑德拉.
10 An American Story.
10 美国故事。
11 A Very Smart Lawyer.
11 一个非常聪明的律师。
13 The Court Today.
13 今日法院。
15 Glossary.
15 词汇。
16 Elena Kagan takes her oath at the Supreme Court.
16 Elena Kagan在最高法院宣誓就职.
She is sworn in by Chief Justice John Roberts.
她由首席大法官约翰·罗伯茨宣誓就职.
Men and Women Are Equal For Ruth Bader Ginsburg, 1971 was an important year.
1971年是一个重要的一年。
She was a lawyer for a case going to the U.
她是一个律师 案件去U。
S.
师曰.
Supreme Court.
最高法院。
The Supreme Court protects our rights by deciding whether laws follow the guidelines created by the U.
最高法院保护我们的权利,决定法律是否符合美国制定的准则。
S.
师曰.
Constitution.
宪法。
In Ruth’s case, the Court would decide if women were equal to men under the law.
在Ruth一案中,法院将依法裁定妇女是否与男子平等。
This important case was called Reed v.
这一重要案件被称作"里德诉".
Reed.
苇.
Word Wise Cases are named for the two opposing sides.
语出智慧 案件为对立双方取名.
The v.
该诉V.
stands for versus, which means “against.”
主张反对,即“反对”。 “
The whole word versus is spoken when reading the name of the case.
在读取案件名称时,会说出整个"对"字.
In the case of Reed v.
在Reed v.
Reed, a husband and wife went to court against each other.
李德,一夫一妻相争而去.
That’s why in this case, both opponents have the same name.
因此,
At that time, few women were let into law schools.
当时,很少有妇女被允许进入法学院。
Because Ruth had a young daughter, she had lost a chance to be a law clerk on the Supreme Court.
由于露丝有一个年幼的女儿,她失去了成为最高法院书记官的机会.
At a new job, her pay was reduced because she was pregnant.
在新工作时,她的工资因为怀孕而减少.
Yet men did not lose jobs or pay if they had children.
然而,男子如果有子女,不会失去工作或工资。
Ruth believed that women and men should be treated equally in school, at work, and under the law.
露丝认为,男女在学校,工作,以及法律中都应该受到同等的待遇.
Ruth Bader Ginsburg with her family in Washington, D.
露丝·巴德·金斯堡和她的家人在华盛顿特区.
C.
C组
A century ago, women struggled for the right to vote.
一个世纪前,妇女为争取选举权而斗争。
This woman holds a banner outside the White House.
这个女人在白宫外拿着一面旗帜.
In Reed v.
在Reed v.
Reed, Ruth and others talked about the Fourteenth Amendment.
里德,露丝等人谈到了第十四修正案.
That amendment was added to the Constitution in 1868 to protect the rights of former slaves after the U.
该修正案于1868年被添加到宪法中,以保护U后前奴隶的权利.
S.
师曰.
Civil War.
国共内战.
At that time, few people cared about the rights of women.
当时,很少有人关心妇女权利。
Ruth argued in Reed v.
Ruth在Reed v.
Reed that the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution also protected women from discrimination.
Reed说,《宪法》第十四修正案也保护妇女不受歧视。
Since an Idaho law favored men over women, Ruth argued that the state law was illegal.
由于爱达荷州的一部法律偏向男子而优于妇女,鲁斯认为州法是非法的.
The Supreme Court agreed with Ruth.
最高法院同意露丝的意见.
For the first time, they decided that the Fourteenth Amendment did, indeed, protect women’s rights.
他们第一次决定第十四修正案确实保护妇女的权利。
After this decision, other laws that discriminated against women were also fought and also changed.
在作出这一决定后,其他歧视妇女的法律也遭到反对和修改。
No longer could women be denied education and jobs because they were women.
妇女再也不能因为是女性而被剥夺教育和工作。
Women rallied for an Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) in 1 980.
1880年,妇女联合起来争取平等权利修正案。
They wanted to be paid the same as men for doing the same work.
他们想得到和男人一样的报酬 做同样的工作。
A Cowgirl for Justice Since the start of the Supreme Court in 1790, its justices had always been men.
自1790年最高法院成立以来,其法官一直是男性。
Ten years after Reed v.
Reed v.)之后的十年.
Reed, Sandra Day O’Connor became the Court’s first female justice.
(原始内容存档于2018-03-26) (英语). Reed, Sandra 奥康纳日成为法院首位女性法官。
Sandra grew up on a ranch in Arizona.
桑德拉在亚利桑那州的一个牧场长大.
She rode horses and was treated like one of the boys.
她骑了马,被当成男孩子
After going to law school, though, she found that no one would hire a female lawyer.
不过,在上法学院之后,她发现没有人会雇用一名女律师。
So Sandra opened her own law office.
于是桑德拉开设了自己的律师事务所.
Ruth Joins Sandra At times, Sandra was lonely because she was the only woman on the Court.
露丝加入桑德拉 有时,桑德拉很寂寞,因为她是法庭上唯一的女性.
She was glad when the president nominated Ruth Bader Ginsburg to the Court in 1993.
1993年,总统提名露丝·巴德·金斯堡出任法院法官,她对此感到高兴.
As she had done in Reed v.
正如她在Reed诉澳大利亚案中所做的那样。
Reed, Ruth continued to protect the rights of minorities and women.
李德,露丝继续保护少数民族和妇女的权利.
For example, she wrote the Court’s explanation of why women cannot be denied entrance to any public school.
例如,她写了法院的解释,说明为什么不能拒绝妇女进入任何公立学校。
“It is crucial to have more than one woman so that people don’t think that women are all identical in thought and approach.”
“有一个以上的妇女至关重要, “
Ginsburg Born 1933 in New York Law School: Columbia, 1959 Supreme Court Justice 1993–present Sandra Day O’Connor In 1981, the president nominated Sandra for the Supreme Court because she agreed with many of his ideas.
金斯堡1933年生于纽约法学院:哥伦比亚,1959年 最高法院法官,1993年至今 桑德拉语Name 奥康纳日 1981年,总统提名桑德拉为最高法院法官,因为她同意他的许多想法.
But Sandra had a mind of her own.
但桑德拉有自己的想法.
Sandra was one of nine justices serving on the Court.
桑德拉是法院9名法官之一。
Sometimes four justices voted one way and four voted the other.
有时有4名法官投票,4名法官投票。
Sandra’s tie-breaking votes helped protect the rights of women and the right to privacy.
Sandra的平分投票有助于保护妇女权利和隐私权。
An American Story Sandra retired in 2006.
美国故事桑德拉于2006年退休.
She hoped a woman would replace her, but a man did instead.
她希望一个女人能代替她,但一个男人却代替她。
President Barack Obama nominated the next female justice, Sonia Sotomayor, in 2009.
奥巴马总统于2009年提名下一位女法官索尼娅·索托马约尔.
Sonia’s parents came from Puerto Rico.
索尼娅的父母来自波多黎各。
Her father died when she was nine.
她9岁时她的父亲就去世了.
Her mother worked hard so Sonia could get a good education.
她的母亲努力工作,使索尼娅能够获得良好的教育.
Sonia worked hard at school to get scholarships to go to college.
索尼娅在学校里努力地争取奖学金去上大学.
After law school, Sonia worked as a lawyer and then a judge.
法学院毕业后,索尼娅出任律师,后出任法官.
Sonia Sotomayor as a child and with her mother, Celina When President Obama nominated Sonia for the Supreme Court, he hoped that a majority of the 100 U.
索尼娅·索托马约尔从小和母亲西琳娜一起,当奥巴马总统提名索尼娅出任最高法院法官时,他希望100U获得多数.
S.
师曰.
senators would confirm, or agree to, his choice for a justice.
参议员将确认或同意他选择司法。
When a majority disagrees, the president has to choose someone else.
当多数人不同意时,总统必须另选他人.
Thirty-one senators voted against Sonia becoming a justice.
31名参议员投票反对索尼亚成为正义.
Because sixty-eight senators voted “yes,” she became the first Latina and the third woman on the Court.
由于68名参议员投了“赞成票”,她成为法院的第一位拉丁裔和第三位女性。
“Although I grew up in very modest and challenging circumstances, I consider my life to be immeasurably rich.”
“虽然我在非常温和和有挑战性的环境中长大,但我认为我的生活是极其富有的。 “
Some senators said Elena should not be on the Court because she had never been a judge.
一些参议员说,埃琳娜不应该上法庭,因为她从未担任过法官.
They voted against her.
他们投票反对她。
However, many of the 111 people who had served on the Supreme Court before Elena hadn’t been judges either.
但Elena之前在最高法院任职的111人,
Plus, most senators agreed that Elena knew the law very well.
此外,大多数参议员都同意埃琳娜非常了解法律.
After 63 senators voted “yes,” she became the fourth female justice in the Court’s history.
在63名参议员投票“赞成”之后,她成为法院历史上第四名女法官。
“It was a very cool thing to be a smart girl, as opposed to some other, different kind.
“与其他一些不同的女孩相比,做一个聪明的女孩是件很酷的事。
And I think that made a great deal of difference to me growing up and in my life afterward.”
我认为这对我成长和之后的生活 有很大的改变。 “
Born 1960 in New York Law School: Harvard, 1986 Supreme Court Justice 20 10–present A Very Smart Lawyer In 2010, President Obama nominated Elena Kagan to be the next justice.
1960年生于纽约法学院:哈佛大学,1986年 最高法院法官 20 10 - 至今 一名非常聪明的律师 2010年,奥巴马总统提名 埃琳娜・卡根成为下一个正义。
Elena had been a law clerk for the first African American justice to serve on the Court.
Elena是第一个担任法院法官的非裔美国人的书记官。
In time, she became the top lawyer in the U.
随着时间的推移,她成为了U的顶尖律师.
S.
师曰.
government for cases brought to the Supreme Court.
政府负责向最高法院提交的案件。
She was the first woman in that role.
她是这个角色的第一位女性.
Elena Kagan (holding gavel) with high school classmates, Do You Know?
Elena Kagan(持有相机)和高中同学在一起,你知道吗?
Congress requires the Supreme Court to have nine justices.
国会要求最高法院有9名法官.
The justices are appointed for life.
官吏终身委任.
The only time a president nominates a new justice is after one has retired or died.
总统提名新法官的唯一一次是在一名法官退休或去世之后。
Glossary amendment (n.)
术语表修正(n.)
a change or addition to a document or law (p.
对文件或法律的修改或补充(第2页)。
6) case (n.)
6)案件(不详)
a disagreement settled by a court of law (p.
争议由法院解决(p.
4) Constitution (n.)
4)宪法 (n.
the written rules that govern the United States (p.
美国的成文规则(p.
4) discrimination (n.)
4) 歧视(n.)
the unfair treatment of a person or group based on gender, race, age, religion, or other differences (p.
基于性别、种族、年龄、宗教或其他区别(p.
6) justices (n.)
6) 法官(不详)
judges (p.
法官(第6页)
8) Latina (n.)
8) 拉丁语 (n.
a woman who comes, or whose ancestors come, from a Latin American country (p.
一个来自拉丁美洲国家的妇女或其祖先(p.
12) majority (n.)
12) 多数(n.)
more than half of something (p.
超过一半的东西(p.
12) nominated (v.)
12)提名(五.
named someone for a job, award, or honor (p.
指定某人的工作、奖项或荣誉(p.
9) rights (n.)
9) 权利(n.)
freedoms or powers that people can justly claim (p.
自由或权力,人们可以正义地主张(p.
4) The Court Today The four women of the Supreme Court come from different ethnic groups and backgrounds.
4) 今天的法院 最高法院的四名妇女来自不同的族裔群体和背景。
They are Catholic, Jewish, and Protestant.
他们是天主教徒、犹太教徒和新教徒。
Two have children and two do not.
两人有子女,两人没有。
Some have worked as teachers, while others have worked as judges.
有些担任教师,另一些担任法官。
They don’t always agree on the law, but they all agree that women, like men, can make wise decisions.
女性与男性一样,
The Supreme Court building in Washington, D.
华盛顿最高法院大楼.
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, has been remodeled to include a bathroom for the female justices.
包括女法官的卫生间。