and Walruses
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents Meet the Pinnipeds.
目录 见平尼普德人.
4 Life in the Ocean.
4"出海生还".
6 Keeping Warm.
6 保持温暖。
8 Coming to Shore.
8号来 Shore.
10 Sea Lions.
10海狮.
11 Seals.
11个海豹。
12 Walruses.
12个海象。
14 People and Pinnipeds.
14人和平尼珀兹
16 Glossary.
16 词汇表。
18 Meet the Pinnipeds You are sitting on a rock by the seashore.
18 见到平尼贝兹 你坐在海边的石头上
Suddenly, a pair of curious eyes peeks up from the water.
突然间,一对好奇的眼睛从水中窥出.
As quickly as it came, the animal disappears.
很快,动物就消失了
You are very lucky—you have seen a seal.
你很幸运,你见过封印。
Seals, along with sea lions and walruses, belong to a group of animals called pinnipeds.
海豹与海狮和海象一并属于被取名"被子"的动物群.
A pinniped’ s eyes and nose are near the top of its head.
被刺穿的眼睛和鼻子靠近头顶。
Pinnipeds are marine, or ocean, mammals.
针叶s为海洋或海洋哺乳动物.
Mammals are animals that breathe air, have fur, and have live babies that drink their mothers’ milk.
哺乳动物是呼吸空气、有皮毛、有活婴儿喝母亲的牛奶的动物。
Pinnipeds include seals, sea lions, and walruses.
平起角有海豹,海狮等海象.
Their name comes from a Greek word meaning “fin-footed.”
其名称取自希腊语中"fin-footed"的意思. “
Pinnipeds have flippers instead of feet.
平尼普兹有翻发器而不是脚.
Pinnipeds are predators, which means they eat other animals.
平尼伯是食肉动物,这意味着它们食用其他动物.
Seal Sea lion Walrus Life in the Ocean Pinnipeds spend most of their lives in the ocean.
海豹海狮海豹海豹海豹海豹在海洋中生存 大部分时间都在海洋中度过
They have flippers and long, torpedo-shaped bodies to help them swim.
它们有翻船和长而有鱼雷形状的身体来帮助他们游泳.
These features make pinnipeds graceful in the water, but awkward on land.
这些特征使得平刀在水中优雅,但在陆地上却尴尬.
When a pinniped goes underwater, its nose and throat shut automatically.
当一针刺出水下时,它的鼻子和喉咙会自动关闭.
Some seals can hold their breath for over an hour.
有些海豹可以屏住呼吸一个多小时.
Elephant seals can hold it for two!
大象封能为二!
Sea lions are quick, graceful swimmers.
海狮快活,优雅地游泳.
Keeping Warm Most pinnipeds live in cold oceans near the North and South Poles.
保持温暖 大部分针叶虫生活在北极和南极附近的寒冷海洋中.
How do pinnipeds keep warm?
针叶刀如何保持温暖?
Many pinnipeds have dense fur with smooth hairs on the top and thick, fluffy hairs on the bottom.
许多披针形动物有密集的皮毛,上部有光滑的毛发,下部有浓厚而蓬松的毛发.
The fluffy hairs are waterproof.
花毛为防水.
Pinnipeds also have a layer of fat called blubber that keeps heat inside their bodies.
平尼伯德还拥有一层叫"脂肪"(blubber)的脂肪,使其体内保持热能.
Some pinnipeds have blubber 10 centimeters (4 in) thick.
有的被子有10厘米(4英寸)厚的脂肪.
Some seals spend their whole lives in and around icy water.
一些海豹一生都在冰水中和周围度过.
Most pinnipeds eat fish, squid, octopus, and shellfish such as shrimp and clams.
多数被子鸟吃鱼,鱿鱼,章鱼等,也吃虾和蛤等贝类.
Pinnipeds must dive deep to find these animals.
皮尼伯得潜入深处才能找到这些动物
The Southern elephant seal can dive over 1,500 meters (5,000 ft)!
南象海豹可以俯冲1500米(5000英尺)!
That is deeper than any other mammal can go.
这比其他哺乳动物更深
Pinnipeds have large eyes that can see in deep, dark water.
平尼伯德有大眼睛,可以在深而暗的水中看到.
They have good ears to hear their prey swimming around.
他们有良好的耳朵 听到猎物游来游去。
They also have sensitive whiskers that can feel an animal swimming by or moving around on the ocean floor.
它们也有敏感的胡子,可以感觉到动物在洋底游泳或移动.
Dolphin Human Depth in meters 145m/475 ft 300m/990 ft 900m/2,900 ft 1,500m/5,000ft Elephant seal Normal submarine The elephant seal is a champion diver.
海豚人类深度为145m/475英尺300m/990英尺900m/2900英尺1500m/5000英尺. 普通潜艇 大象封为冠军潜水员.
Coming to Shore Pinnipeds come to shore, or haul out, to shed their fur, or molt, and to have babies.
来到海岸 皮尼伯德人来到岸上,或拖出,去出出他们的皮毛,或摩尔特,并生出婴儿来.
Some pinnipeds haul out in large groups, while others come to shore one at a time.
有的被刺伤了,大块块地拖出,有的一次上岸。
A pinniped mother has only one baby at a time.
一个被刺杀的母亲一次只有一个孩子.
The baby, called a pup, can move around and swim as soon as it is born.
被叫作"小狗"的婴儿一出世就能够四处走动并游泳.
But it does not have blubber, and it can’t keep warm in water.
无法在水中保暖。
It usually stays on land.
它通常停留在陆地上.
A baby pinniped drinks its mother’s milk for the first few days or weeks of its life.
婴儿在出生的头几天或几周里会喝她母亲的牛奶。
Pinniped milk has lots of fat—it is more like butter than milk.
Pinniped 牛奶有很多脂肪, 它更像是黄油而不是牛奶。
This helps the pup quickly grow a layer of blubber.
这有助于小熊迅速长出一层脂肪.
Pups can gain 2.
小狗可获2分.
5 kilograms (5.
5公斤(5个.
5 lbs) a day.
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The Hawaiian monk seal is a war m- water pinniped.
夏威夷和尚的印章是战争的M- 水被钉住.
Elephant seals migrate from Alaska to California.
大象海豹从阿拉斯加迁徙到加利福尼亚.
Some pinnipeds do not stay in cold areas for the whole year.
有些针叶刀不会在寒冷地区呆一整年。
They migrate, or move, to warmer water during the winter.
它们迁徙,或迁移到冬季取暖取水.
Other pinnipeds live in warm areas year round.
其他的针叶树全年活在温暖地区.
Warm-water pinnipeds sometimes have trouble keeping cool under their fur and blubber.
发热水的被子有时很难在皮毛和脂肪下保持冷却.
Seals Seals have smaller necks and front flippers than sea lions.
相较于海狮,海豹海豹有更小的颈部和前翻.
They swim by moving their back flippers and hind ends.
它们通过移动后翻和后端来游泳.
Seals cannot “walk” on their flippers.
印章不能被"走"在被子上.
Instead, they drag themselves along the ground or crawl like caterpillars.
相反,它们沿着地上拖来拖去,或者像毛虫一样爬行.
Seals have rounded bodies and no visible ears.
海豹有圆形的尸体,没有可见的耳朵.
Sea Lions Sea lions get their name because some of them have manes and roar like lions.
海狮 海狮之所以得名,是因为有的海狮有雄性并像狮子一样咆哮.
This fur seal looks like a lion.
这只皮毛海豹看起来像一头狮子.
It is called a “seal,” but it belongs in the same group as sea lions.
它被称为“海豹”,但它与海狮属于同一群体。
Seals and sea lions look a lot alike.
海豹和海狮看起来很像
The easiest way to tell them apart is to look for ears.
最容易分辨的方法就是寻找耳朵.
Only sea lions have ears that stick out.
只有海狮的耳朵会伸出来
Most “trained seals” at ocean parks and aquariums are actually sea lions.
海洋公园和水族馆的大多数“训练有素的海豹”实际上是海狮。
Sea lions swim by moving their long necks and long front flippers.
海狮会通过移动长颈和长前翻来游泳.
They use their back flippers only to steer.
他们只用后翻来驾驶
Sea lions can also use their flippers to lift their bodies and “walk” on land.
海狮还可以用自翻车抬起身体并"行走"到陆地上.
The biggest pinnipeds in the world are elephant seals.
世界上最大的被子是大象海豹
Elephant seals get their name because of their huge size and long noses.
大象海豹因其体型巨大而鼻长而得名.
Leopard seals are fierce predators.
豹斑海豹是凶猛的捕食者.
They have big mouths and sharp teeth.
它们有大口和尖牙.
They often feed on birds such as penguins.
它们常以企鹅等鸟类为食.
They also attack other seals.
他们也攻击了其他海豹.
Ribbon seals have black fur with white bands.
环斑海豹有黑色的皮毛并有白色的带.
Ringed seals have small, ring-shaped markings.
环形海豹有小型的,环形的标志.
An elephant seal shows off its trunk-like nose.
一只大象的海豹 露出它的树干般的鼻子
Walruses Walruses are the only pinnipeds with tusks.
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They use their tusks to show off to other walruses.
他们用长相来向其他海象炫耀.
They also use them to pull themselves up onto land.
他们也利用它们 把自己拉上陆地。
Some walruses hook their tusks onto floating ice.
一些海象把长牙挂到浮冰上
Then they relax and sleep.
然后他们放松和睡觉。
Walruses don’t use their tusks to dig up food.
鲸鱼不会用长相挖出食物。
They use their lips and whiskers.
他们用嘴唇和胡子
Do You Know?
你知道吗?
Have you ever tried to open a clamshell with your hands?
你试过用手打开蛤壳吗?
It is almost impossible to do.
这几乎是不可能的。
Walruses have very powerful mouths.
海象的嘴很强壮
They can suck a clam right out of its shell.
它们可以吸出一只蛤壳
Slurp!
嘘!
Walruses have very little fur.
海象的毛皮很少
Their thick skin and blubber keep them warm.
它们的厚皮和脂肪保持了它们的温暖.
When a walrus goes into cold water, its skin turns pale.
当一头海象进入冷水中时,它的皮肤会变得苍白.
This is because all of its blood moves to the inside of its body.
这是因为它所有的血液 移动到它的体内。
When the walrus is warm, its blood moves to the surface again.
当海象发热后,它的血液会再次移动到地表.
The walrus turns pink.
海象会变成粉红色
Walruses like to haul out together in big heaps.
华尔士喜欢一起在大堆地上拖出。
A big group of walruses can make a whole beach look pink.
一大群海象可以让整个海滩看起来粉红色.
People and Pinnipeds People have always hunted pinnipeds.
人与平尼伯兹 人们总是去打猎.
When humans invented large ships and guns, they could hunt and kill many more pinnipeds.
当人类发明出大型船只和枪支时,他们可以打猎并杀死更多的被子.
Soon, many pinnipeds began dying out.
很快,许多刺刀开始死亡.
Humans used their fur and skin to make clothing.
人类用皮毛来做衣服.
They ate their meat and burned their blubber as fuel.
他们吃他们的肉,并烧了他们的脂肪作为燃料.
Only the native people of the far north still hunt pinnipeds.
只有北方的原住民仍然在打猎
They hunt only what they need to survive.
他们只猎取生存所需的东西.
T oday, humans can approach seal pups but not hunt them.
今天,人类可以接近海豹 但不能猎杀它们
People around the world worried about pinnipeds.
全世界的人都担心被刺穿
Countries began making laws against hunting them.
各国开始制定法律禁止猎杀他们.
Many pinnipeds have begun to come back.
许多刺刀开始复出.
But some are still in danger.
但有些人仍然处于危险之中。
Pinnipeds become caught in fishing nets.
被鱼网所捕获
Others get sick because of pollution.
其他人因为污染而生病。
Pinnipeds have very few predators, besides humans.
除了人类之外 皮尼伯德人很少有掠食者
It is up to us to decide what their future will be.
我们应当决定他们的未来。
Sailors, hunters, and the Inuit carved walrus tusks into art called scrimshaw.
航海家,猎人,和因纽特人将海象花纹雕刻成艺术,被称作"斯克林肖".
T oday, only the Inuit can hunt walruses.
今天,只有因纽特人可以猎取海象.