Hiccups
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents Hiccup Help...................... 4 What Are Hiccups?
内容小写帮助表 4 什么是打嗝吗?
................ 6 What Causes Hiccups?
页:1 6 什么原因导致打嗝?
.............. 9 How Do I Get Rid of Hiccups?
.............. 9 我该怎么打嗝?
...... 12 Unsolved Mystery................ 15 Glossary......................... 16 Hiccup Help You just finished lunch and—hic!
12个未解之谜 15个词汇 16个打嗝帮助 你刚刚吃完午餐,然后...
— uh-oh. You drank a fizzy drink, and now—hic!
- 瓳瓳 你喝了一瓶鸡尾酒 现在...
—you have the hiccups!
- 你打嗝了! - 你打嗝了!
Your friends try to help. “Hold your breath!”
你的朋友试图帮助。 "屏住气来!"
says one. “Drink a glass of water upside down!”
说一个 “倒倒倒地喝一杯水!”
“We have a spelling quiz today!”
“我们今天有一个拼写测验!”
shouts a third. Many people get hiccups after a meal, especially if they eat or drink too much or too quickly.
喊出第三声 许多人在一顿饭后会患上打嗝症,特别是如果吃或喝太多或喝得过快.
“What?”
“什么情况? “
you ask. “Not really,” your friend tells you. “I was just trying to scare the hiccups away!”
你问。 你的朋友说:“其实不是,” “我只是想把打嗝吓走!”
You try a few tricks, but nothing works. Eventually, the hiccups go away on their own. Usually, hiccups are no big deal, and they come and go quickly. However, many people are curious about hiccups. Some have been trying for years to understand hiccups. They want to know what hiccups are, where they come from, and how to get rid of them. Do You Know?
你尝试一些把戏,但没有任何效果。 最终,打嗝会自己消失. 通常打嗝没什么大不了的,而且会来来去去去去快. 然而,许多人对打嗝感到好奇. 有些人多年来一直试图理解打嗝。 他们想知道打嗝是什么,他们从哪里来,如何摆脱. 你知道吗?
Some people are unlucky enough to have hiccups for months or even years!
有些人运气不好,有数月甚至数年打嗝!
Jack O’Leary made headlines in 1956 when his hiccups ended after eight years.
杰克·奥莱里在1956年做了头条新闻,当时他打嗝已经过了八年了.
By that time, he had received more than one hundred thousand letters from people around the country suggesting cures.
至此,他收到了各地人寄来的十万多封信,建议治好.
Jack O’Leary What Are Hiccups?
杰克·奥莱里 什么是打嗝?
A hiccup is a muscle spasm, or twitch. The muscle that twitches is called the diaphragm. You use your diaphragm to breathe. Your diaphragm sits below your lungs and stretches across the bottom of your rib cage. Nerves carry signals from your brain to your diaphragm. To breathe in, your brain tells the diaphragm to tighten. When your diaphragm tightens, it moves downward, which pulls air into your lungs. When your brain tells your diaphragm to relax again, the muscle moves up to push air back out of your lungs. The diaphragm is a muscle that is used for breathing, sneezing, crying, and other actions.
hi是肌肉痉挛,或作t. 抽搐的肌肉被称作"分光". 你用你的隔膜来呼吸。 你的隔膜坐落在肺下方并伸展出你的肋下笼. 神经会把信号从大脑传到隔膜 为了呼吸,你的大脑告诉 隔膜收紧。 当你的隔膜收紧, 它向下移动, 它把空气拉入你的肺. 当你的大脑让你的隔膜再次放松时,肌肉会向上移动来将空气从肺中推回. 隔膜是用于呼吸,打喷嚏,哭泣等动作的肌肉.
During a hiccup, your brain sends a signal to your diaphragm to suddenly jerk downward. Your diaphragm pulls a quick gasp of air into your lungs, and flaps in your throat slam shut. That is why you make a sudden “hic!”
在打嗝时,你的大脑会向你的隔膜发出信号,突然向下打飞机. 你的隔膜把一股快活的气塞入你的肺里, 喉咙里的襟翼会闭上. 这就是为什么你突然“躲起来!”
sound. Hiccups get their name from this sound. Breathing out Breathing in Hiccupping Air flows out Diaphragm moves down Diaphragm moves up Diaphragm jerks down Flaps in the throat are open Flaps in the throat are open Flaps in the throat slam shut Air flows in Air flows in The spasm can be strong enough to make your whole body jerk. Sometimes, if you have a full stomach, it can even be painful. However, hiccups are not harmful. Take a Breath Have you ever heard of “getting the wind knocked out of you”?
声音 Hi从此出名. 呼吸出呼吸 在打嗝空氣中出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸出呼吸 有时,如果胃满了,甚至会很痛苦. 然而,打嗝并不有害。 来来来来来来来来来 你听说过"把你吹倒"吗?
Your diaphragm is involved when this happens, too.
当这事发生时 你的隔膜也参与其中
If you get hit hard in the chest or back, your diaphragm can spasm for a few seconds.
如果胸部或背部被重击,你的隔膜会痉挛几秒钟.
The spasm makes it hard to breathe.
筋挛使出出出气.
Soon, your diaphragm relaxes, and you can breathe again.
很快,你的隔膜会放松,你可以再呼吸.
What Causes Hiccups?
什么原因导致打嗝?
Hiccups can seem to start for no reason. They might happen when you eat too much or too quickly. Many people get them from eating spicy foods or having fizzy drinks. We know some things about when people might get hiccups, however, we do not know exactly why people get them. Hiccups seem to have no purpose. Scientists have come up with a few theories, or ideas, though. Scientists have found that other animals get hiccups, too. Most that do are mammals. Mammals are animals that drink milk from their mother when they are young. Hiccups are more common in baby mammals, which could be a clue. Baby mammals, including baby humans, need help burping. A burp is how the body gets rid of extra air in the stomach. It can be hard for babies to burp while drinking their mother’s milk. Hiccups may be a way for young mammals to burp. Scientists got another idea from looking at amphibians. These animals include frogs, which breathe water when they are young and air when they are adults. At one stage of growth, amphibians have two different ways to breathe. They can use their lungs to breathe air, or they can breathe water through gills. Do You Know?
小嗝嗝似乎无缘无故开始. 你吃太多或吃得太快的时候 可能会发生这种事 很多人从吃辣食或者吃起发烧的饮料来得到它们. 我们知道一些事情 当人们可能得到打嗝, 但是,我们不知道为什么人们得到它们。 小嗝嗝似乎没有目的。 科学家想出了一些理论或想法。 科学家发现其他动物也会打嗝 大多数都是哺乳动物 哺乳动物是幼年时会从母亲口中喝出牛奶的动物. 小嗝嗝在婴儿哺乳动物中更常见,这可能是一条线索. 包括人类婴儿在内的哺乳动物需要帮助打嗝。 打嗝是身体如何在胃中消除出额外的空气. 婴儿在喝母乳时很难打嗝。 小嗝嗝可能是年轻哺乳动物打嗝的一种方式. 科学家从两栖动物的角度有了另一个想法. 这些动物包括青蛙,青蛙幼时会呼吸出水来,成年后会呼吸出空气来. 在生长的一个阶段,两栖动物有两种不同的呼吸方式. 它们可以用肺来呼吸空气,也可以通过 gi来呼吸出水来. 你知道吗?
Babies can even hiccup before they are born!
婴儿在出生前甚至会打嗝!
Scientists think it happens as a baby’s lungs, diaphragm, and nerves develop and begin working.
科学家们认为,它发生在婴儿的肺,双膜,神经发育并开始工作。
A calf drinks milk from its mother.
一只小牛喝着它母亲的牛奶
When they breathe water, their brain has to send a signal so they don’t breathe water into their lungs. This is similar to the signal the human brain sends during a hiccup. Hiccups may be a sign that the brain is reminding itself how to breathe correctly. Scientists have not yet proven either of these theories. We may never know exactly what hiccups are for. They may not even have a real purpose—maybe they are simply an odd accident in our bodies. Tadpoles, or young frogs, live in water and breathe using gills.
他们的大脑必须发出信号, 这类似于人类大脑在打嗝时发出的信号. 小嗝嗝可能是大脑在提醒自己如何正确呼吸的一种迹象. 科学家还没有证明这两个理论。 我们可能永远不知道打嗝的目的 他们甚至可能没有真正的目的——也许他们只是我们身体中的意外。 塔德波勒斯(Tadpoles),或称幼蛙活于水中并用 gi来呼吸.
Later, they develop lungs.
后来,它们会发展出肺.
Adult frogs can live and breathe both on land and in the water.
成年青蛙可以在陆地和水中活活和呼吸.
How Do I Get Rid of Hiccups?
我该怎么打嗝?
Getting rid of hiccups is another mystery. Everyone seems to have his or her own hiccup cure. Sometimes they work, and sometimes they don’t. A hiccup cure that seemed to work last week may not work today. No one has found a cure that works all the time for everyone. However, the most common cures have a few things in common. Some people say eating or sucking on a lemon will get rid of hiccups.
摆脱打嗝是另一个谜. 每个人似乎都有自己的打嗝疗法。 有时他们工作, 上星期似乎有效的打嗝疗法今天可能行不通。 没有人找到对每个人都有效的治疗方法。 然而,最常见的治疗方法有一些共同点. 有人说吃或吸柠檬会消除打嗝.
Some cures change your breathing pattern. For example, you might hold your breath or breathe into a paper bag. These methods build up a gas called carbon dioxide in your body. When you have too much carbon dioxide, your body works harder to breathe it out. Your brain tells the diaphragm to relax so it can get rid of the carbon dioxide. Breathing slowly into a paper bag may help stop hiccups.
有些治疗方法改变了你的呼吸模式. 例如,你可能屏住呼吸或呼吸入纸袋. 这些方法在你的体内积累出一种叫做二氧化碳的气体. 当你有太多的二氧化碳, 你的身体更努力地呼吸出来。 你的大脑告诉隔膜放松,这样它就可以摆脱二氧化碳. 慢慢地吸入纸袋可能有助于停止打嗝.
Other cures distract you. You might try a tricky task, like drinking water from the opposite side of the glass. When you try to breathe or swallow in a different way, the signals between your brain and diaphragm may get confused. Your body may “forget” to hiccup while it tries to do the task. Getting scared works the same way—you get distracted from hiccups. These kinds of hiccup cures may not work forever. Your body learns how to do the tricky task or doesn’t get scared so easily. It becomes harder to distract your brain. One popular hiccup cure is to drink water from the opposite side of a glass.
其它治疗方法让你分心 你可能会尝试一个棘手的任务, 像饮用水 从玻璃的对面。 当你试图以不同的方式呼吸或吞入时,大脑和隔膜之间的信号可能会被混淆. 你的身体在努力完成任务时可能会“忘记”打嗝。 害怕也是一样的 你因为打嗝而分心 这种打嗝疗法可能不会永远有效. 你的身体会学会如何完成棘手的任务, 更难让你的大脑分心 一种流行的打嗝疗法就是从玻璃的对面喝出水来.
Unsolved Mystery Hiccups are harmless, but they can be annoying. People have always gotten hiccups, but they are still a scientific mystery. Maybe one day you will be the one to solve the mystery and discover the cure!
未解出神秘小嗝嗝是无害的,但可能令人讨厌. 人们总是会打嗝,但他们仍然是一个科学谜团。 也许有一天你会成为解开谜题 发现解药的人!