of Ancient Greece
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents Introduction.
导言表。
4 Centaurs.
4人马座.
5 Sirens.
5个警报器
7 Medusa.
7 美杜莎语.
9 The Minotaur.
9 弥诺陶洛斯.
11 Typhon.
第11条 泰凤.
13 Conclusion.
13 结论。
15 Glossary.
15 词汇。
16 Crete Athens Greece MEDITERRANEAN SEA AEGEAN SEA EUROPE AFRICA Ancient Greece AROUND 750 bce ASIA MINOR Delphi Troy Mycenae Sparta Macedonia Introduction Myths are stories that help people understand important ideas, such as good and evil.
16 克里特雅典希腊 地中海 东南亚 欧洲 古希腊 750 bce AIA Minior Delphi Troy Mycenae Sparta Macedonia 介绍 神秘故事帮助人们理解重要的思想,如善恶.
Fantastic creatures were important in Greek myths.
神奇的生物在希腊神话中很重要。
Heracles (HAIR-uh-kleez), a Greek hero, pets Cerberus, the two- or three-headed watchdog of the underworld in this ancient picture.
赫拉克勒斯(希臘語:Hρezρez,希臘語:Hρezρezρez,又译作赫克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒斯克勒
On this vase, Heracles and the goddess Athena fight against the Hydra, a monster made of snakes.
在这个花瓶上,赫拉克勒斯和女神雅典娜与由蛇所制成的怪物"海德拉"相搏.
Centaurs Centaurs had the head and chest of a human and the body of a horse.
半人马座拥有人类的头和胸以及一匹马的身体.
The ancient Greeks thought Centaurs were different from them because Centaurs were animal-like and were driven by their feelings.
古希腊人认为"半人马"与他们不同,因为"半人马"像动物并被他们的感情所驱使.
The story of the Centaurs began with a Greek king named Ixion, who came to live with the gods.
"半人马"的故事从一位名叫"伊克西翁"的希腊国王开始,他来与众神同住.
Zeus heard that Ixion had fallen in love with his wife.
宙斯听说伊克西翁爱上了他的妻子.
As a test, Zeus made a cloud that looked like his wife.
作为考证,宙斯制作出一出看起来像他妻子的云.
Ixion fell in love with the cloud because he thought it was the wife of Zeus.
伊克西翁因为认为是宙斯的妻子而爱上了云.
The cloud gave birth to the first Centaur.
云何生出初半人马.
Zeus then made Ixion spin around and around on a wheel forever.
宙斯于是使伊克西翁永远地在轮子上旋转来回.
Greeks used pictures of myths to show how they felt about events that were happening at the time.
希腊人用神话中的照片来表现他们对当时所发生的事件的感受.
For example, the Greeks connected one of their enemies, the Persians, with the Centaurs.
例如,希腊人将他们的敌人之一波斯人与人马座相接.
In ancient art, Centaurs are often shown winning against Greeks in battle.
在古代艺术中,"人马"经常被显示在战斗中战胜了希腊人.
This is the case in this sculpture from a fifth-century bce temple in Athens.
这个雕塑中的情况就是来自雅典的一所五世纪的Bce神庙.
Do You Know?
你知道吗?
The relationship between a guest and his or her host was important to ancient Greeks.
来宾与其宿主的关系对古希腊人来说很重要.
The myth about Ixion and the first Centaur is an example of the importance of this relationship.
关于伊克西翁和第一个"半人马"的神话就是这种关系重要性的一个例子.
Ixion was Zeus’s guest.
伊克西翁是宙斯的客人.
What happened to Ixion was a lesson that bad things could happen if people did not treat their host well.
伊克西翁的遭遇是一个教训,如果人们不善待宿主,坏事可能会发生.
Sirens Sirens had female human heads and bird bodies.
警报器上有女性人类头部和鸟类尸体
They sang beautiful songs to make sailors crash into their island.
他们唱出美丽的歌曲,让水手坠入了他们的岛.
Their myth shows that self-control was important to the Greeks.
他们的神话表明自控对希腊人很重要.
The myth about the Sirens says that they had been human maids to the goddess Persephone (pur-SE-fuh-nee).
关于西伦斯人的神话说,他们曾经是女神珀耳塞福涅(pur-SE-fuh-nee)的人类女仆.
One day when she was picking flowers, a god took her.
有一天,她采花的时候,一个神把她带走了.
The Sirens used their wings to look for Persephone.
警报器用翅膀寻找珀耳塞福涅.
After they could not find her, they settled on an island.
在他们找不到她之后,他们定居在一个岛上。
The Sirens are connected to the word siren, which is something that gives off a loud warning sound.
警报器和警报器相连 发出响亮的警告声
They also gave meaning to a siren song— something so nice that it makes you want it, even if it is dangerous.
他们也赋予了警笛之歌意义—— 美妙的歌曲让你想要它,即使它很危险。
The songs of the Sirens drew many sailors to their island.
西伦斯号的歌曲将许多水手吸引到他们的岛上.
Only a few were able to pass them by.
只有少数人能通过他们。
One man played music so loud that he could not hear them.
一个人演奏的音乐如此响亮,以至于听不到.
Another man was tied to his ship, and his sailors put wax in their ears.
另一个人被绑在船上,他的水手把蜡放入他们的耳朵.
This ancient Greek vase shows Odysseus tied to his ship so he can hear the Sirens’ song.
这个古希腊花瓶显示 奥德修斯被绑在船上,
and stay alive.
并保持活着。
Medusa While the Sirens were known for their beauty, Medusa was famous for her scary looks.
美杜莎语 虽然西兰人以美貌出名,美杜莎却以她可怕的外相出名.
Medusa and her two sisters were known as the Gorgons.
美杜莎和她的两个姐妹被称作"高冈人".
Although Medusa’s sisters would live forever, humans could defeat her.
虽然美杜莎的姐妹们会永远活下来,但人类可以打败她.
However, Medusa was able to turn people to stone when they looked into her eyes.
然而,美杜莎在看着她的眼睛时能够把人们变成石头.
The myth about Medusa begins with an evil king.
关于美杜莎的神话从一个邪恶的国王开始.
He was in love with the mother of a boy named Perseus.
他爱上了一个叫珀尔修斯的男孩的母亲.
To get Perseus out of his way, the king sent him to get the head of Medusa.
为了让珀耳修斯脱离他的道路,国王派他去取出美杜莎的头.
Perseus had promised to do whatever the king asked.
珀尔修斯曾承诺要做国王要求的事.
The king did not think Perseus would be able to do this.
国王认为珀尔修斯不可能做到这一点.
With some help, Perseus cut off the head of Medusa.
如果有人帮忙 珀耳修斯割去美杜莎的头.
From her body came two creatures.
她的身体里有两个生物
Some people think her killing stood for the ending of a drought.
有些人认为杀害她代表了干旱的结束.
They think the creatures stood for the good things that came after a drought ended—crops and water.
他们以为这些生物代表了干旱结束后的好事——作物和水。
Wowser!
哗!
The Greeks believed that the frightening faces of the Gorgons would protect them and keep away evil.
希腊人相信戈尔贡人可怕的面孔会保护他们并远离邪恶.
They put pictures of Gorgons everywhere, including on their shields.
他们把戈贡斯的照片放入了各地,包括他们的盾牌上.
The Minotaur The Minotaur was another creature that had both human and animal parts.
弥诺陶斯人 弥诺陶洛斯是另一种同时有人和动物部分的生物.
It had the head of a bull and the body of a man.
它有公牛的头和一个男人的身体。
The monster was so scary that it was kept in a maze under the palace of the king of Crete.
怪兽吓得被保存在克里特王宫下方的迷宫中.
Seven boys and seven girls were sent to the Minotaur.
七男七女被送入弥诺陶洛斯.
A brave boy named Theseus said he wanted to be one of them.
一个叫特修斯的勇敢男孩说他想成为他们的一员.
The princess of Crete saw Theseus and fell in love with him.
克里特公主看见了特修斯并爱上他.
The princess wanted to save Theseus from the Minotaur.
公主想从弥诺陶洛斯手中救出特修斯.
She gave him a ball of yarn to tie to a door.
她给了他一球纱 绑在一扇门上。
He was to unwind it as he made his way through the maze.
他从迷宫中走过时要解开它
She also gave Theseus a weapon.
她还给了特修斯武器.
After Theseus defeated the Minotaur, he followed the trail of yarn out of the maze.
特修斯击败弥诺陶洛斯后,他跟随纱线出迷宫.
Because bulls were important to a goddess in Crete, they may have stood for Crete itself.
因为公牛对克来特的女神很重要,所以它们可能代表克来特自己.
Some people think that Theseus winning his fight against the Minotaur showed that the Greeks took over Crete.
一些人认为特修斯赢得了与米诺陶斯人的斗争,表明希腊人占领了克里特.
Typhon The Minotaur was tiny compared to the giant Typhon (TY-fon).
台风 米诺陶洛斯人与巨型泰峰(Ty-fon)相比很小.
It was a monster with wings, snakes for legs, and one hundred heads—one human and the rest other creatures.
这是一个有翅膀的怪物,有蛇的腿,还有一百个头——一个人类,另一个是其他生物。
Typhon stood for the strong forces of nature.
Ty Phon支持大自然的强大力量。
Only Zeus, the king of the gods, could match Typhon.
只有众神之王宙斯才能与泰峰相配.
Their battle shook the whole world.
他们的战斗震撼了整个世界.
Zeus defeated Typhon and then locked him up under Earth.
宙斯击败了泰丰并随后将他关入地底.
The Greeks blamed Typhon for strong winds.
希腊人责备了泰丰的强风.
The idea that Zeus was stronger than these forces of nature made them feel better.
宙斯比这些自然力量更强大的想法使他们感觉更好.
Conclusion The Greeks did not put creatures in their myths just to entertain or scare people.
结论 希腊人并没有把生物放在他们的神话中,只是为了娱乐或吓唬人.
These creatures and the myths about them helped people understand the world around them at the time.
这些生物和关于它们的神话帮助人们了解了当时周围的世界.
Mythical creatures were important in ancient Greece.
神话生物在古希腊是重要的.
The amazing stories about them are still popular today.
关于他们的惊人故事今天仍然很受欢迎.
Many companies use mythical creatures from ancient Greece as their logos.
许多公司以出自古希腊的神话生物为标志.
The clothing company Versace (vur-SAH-chee) uses Medusa’s head.
服装公司Versace(vur-SAH-chee)使用美杜莎的头.
The gas company Mobil uses Pegasus, Perseus’s winged horse.
燃气公司莫比尔使用佩克萨斯,珀尔修斯的翼马.
Starbucks Coffee Company uses a Siren.
星巴克咖啡公司使用警笛.