Fantastic Flying Machines
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Introduction Close your eyes and imagine if you could fly like a bird.
导言 闭上眼睛,想象一下,如果你能像鸟一样飞行。
Where would you go?
你会去哪里?
What would you see?
你会看到什么?
If you had never seen or heard of an airplane, could you imagine what it would be like to fly?
如果你从未见过或听说过飞机 你能想象飞行会是什么感觉吗?
Let’s look at some of the fantastic machines that make flying possible.
让我们看看能够飞行的一些神奇机器。
History of Flight In 1783, two French brothers invented the hot-air balloon.
飞行历史 1783年,两个法国兄弟发明了热气球.
Their first passengers were a sheep, a rooster, and a duck.
他们最早的乘客是一只羊,一只公鸡和一只鸭子.
George Cayley built the first glider that carried a person.
乔治·凯利建造了第一架载有一个人的滑翔机.
Later, an engineer invented a better glider and published his ideas in 1889.
后来,一位工程师发明了更好的滑翔机,于1889年发表了他的想法.
A few years later, his ideas and notes inspired many of the designs of the Wright brothers.
几年后,他的想法和笔记启发了莱特兄弟的许多设计.
People have always wanted to fly.
人们一直想飞
They watched birds fly.
他们看着鸟儿飞翔
They dreamed about how wonderful it would be.
他们梦想着它会多么美妙
A few people had good ideas about what made objects move through the air.
少数人对于是什么让物体在空气中移动有很好的想法.
One man made a small toy propeller that could spin through the air.
一人制造了能从空气中旋转的小玩具螺旋桨.
In the 1400s, Leonardo da Vinci, an artist, drew amazing plans for a helicopter.
1400年代,艺术家莱昂纳多·达·芬奇为一架直升机绘制出惊人的计划.
It might have worked— but he never built it.
可能有用 但他从未建造过
People experimented.
人被实验.
Some strapped wings onto their arms and flapped.
一些被绑起的翅膀被绑在他们的手臂上并被挥舞.
A few tied themselves to big kites.
少数人把自己绑在了大风筝上.
Almost everyone crashed over and over—but they wanted to fly!
几乎所有人都摔倒了 他们想飞!
These wings flapped when the person moved his arms and legs.
这些翅膀在人移动他的手臂和腿时会起伏起伏.
Leonardo da Vinci’s helicopter drawing George Cayley built the first glider that carried a person.
莱昂纳多·达·芬奇的直升机画出乔治·凯利(George Cayley)建造了第一架搭载一个人的滑翔机.
Airplanes Planes have improved a lot since the early days of flight.
自出航初期起,"飞机"飞机飞机有了很大的改进.
Large passenger airplanes are the first type of flying machine that most people see.
大型客机是大多数人看到的第一种飞行机型.
Have you flown in an airplane on a vacation trip?
你乘飞机旅行吗?
These types of planes can carry about 450 passengers and their luggage.
此类飞机可搭载约450名乘客及其行李.
They can take you across the country or around the world.
他们可以带你到全国各地或世界各地。
Orville and Wilbur Wright thought about all of these early ideas.
奥维尔和威尔伯·赖特考虑了所有这些早期的想法.
They thought about why most of them didn’t work.
他们思考了为什么他们大多不起作用。
After many tests, the Wright brothers built the first successful airplane that was powered by an engine.
经过多次测试后,莱特兄弟建造了第一架由一引擎提供动力的成功飞机.
It could only carry one person, so they took turns testing it.
只能载一个人 所以他们轮流测试
On December 17, 1903, it was Orville’s turn.
1903年12月17日,轮到奥维尔.
That day, he flew for one full minute and went 260 meters (850 ft).
当天他全程飞行了一分一分,并跑出260米(850英尺).
People could fly!
人们会飞!
Wilbur Wright watches his brother Orville make his historic flight.
威尔伯·赖特看着他的兄弟奥维尔完成他的历史性飞行.
This commercial airplane carries hundreds of passengers around the world every day.
这架商用飞机每天载着全世界上百名乘客.
Many slower or older airplanes have propeller engines.
许多较慢或较老的飞机都有螺旋桨发动机.
Each blade on a propeller acts like a wing.
螺旋桨上的每一把刀都像一翼
The blades create air suction when they spin, like blades on a fan.
叶片自旋后会产生空气吸力,如扇子上有叶片.
This force pulls the plane forward.
这股力量使飞机向前推进.
Stunt pilots use small propeller planes to do tricks at air shows.
斯通特飞行员使用小型螺旋桨飞机在空中表演时进行诡计.
Farmers use them to spray crops.
农民用来喷洒农作物.
Many planes that are built to fly high or fast use jet engines.
许多被建造用于高空或快地使用喷气发动机的飞机.
Jet engines are powerful.
喷气发动机很强大
They push an airplane forward by forcing a stream, or jet, of hot gas out behind them.
他们把飞机推向前进 迫使飞机后面有一条热气流
Some jets can fly faster than the speed of sound.
有些喷气式飞机的飞行速度可以快于音速.
A Navy jet fighter takes off from an aircraft carrier.
A级 海军喷气式战斗机从航空母舰上起飞.
Jet gases form streaks of cloud in the sky.
喷气气体在天空中形成云层
This crop duster uses a propeller engine.
这种作物起尘器使用螺旋桨发动机.
Helicopters Helicopters are another common type of flying machine.
直升机是另一种常见的飞行机器.
They can fly and land almost anywhere.
它们几乎可以在任何地方飞行和降落.
Most helicopters have two rotors.
多数直升机有两个转子.
The large rotor on top lifts the helicopter.
顶部的大型转子抬起直升机.
A smaller one on the tail helps the pilot steer.
尾部一个更小的能帮助飞行员驾驶.
Unlike planes, helicopters can fly backward and rotate.
与飞机不同,直升机可以向后飞行并旋转.
They can even hover in midair!
他们甚至可以在中空徘徊!
Some planes are built for a particular task.
有些飞机是为特定任务而建造的.
Mail planes deliver packages overnight.
邮机连夜发送包裹.
Military cargo planes move trucks, supplies, and troops.
军用货机运送卡车、物资和部队。
Planes set up as offices allow people to work while they fly to business meetings.
作为办公室设置的飞机允许人们在飞往商务会议时工作。
This plane can hold 132,000 kilograms (291,000 lbs) of cargo.
这架飞机可装载132 000公斤(291 000磅)货物。
A helicopter lands on top of a building.
直升机降落在一栋大楼上方
Helicopters travel faster than cars.
直升机的飞行速度快于汽车.
Hospitals use helicopters as ambulances to reach injured people quickly.
医院使用直升机作为救护车,以快速到达受伤者.
Police use helicopters to find and chase criminals.
警方使用直升机寻找并追捕罪犯.
Rescue teams use them to look for people who are lost.
救援队利用他们寻找迷路的人.
Some helicopters are designed to lift heavy loads.
部分直升机被设计为起重载.
These helicopters need two rotors on top.
这些直升机上需要两个转子
Firefighters sometimes use these helicopters to fight forest fires in remote areas.
消防员有时会使用这些直升机来对抗偏远地区的森林火灾.
A large helicopter carries a big bucket of water over a wildfire.
一架大型直升机携带一桶大水过野火.
Troops board a military helicopter.
部队上一架军用直升机。
A helicopter ambulance transports sick and injured people.
一架直升机救护车运送伤病人员。
Blimps are flying machines that are often seen above large sporting events.
Blimps是飞行机,常被看到在大型体育赛事之上.
Blimps are large, long balloons filled with lighter-than-air gas, such as helium.
Blimps是大而长的气球,充满了比空气更轻的气体,如氦.
They usually have two small propeller engines and can be steered by a pilot—but they fly slowly.
它们通常有两台小型螺旋桨发动机,并且可以由飞行员来引导-但它们飞行缓慢.
Blimps attract attention, so companies put their names on them for advertising.
Blimps吸引了人们的注意,因此公司将自己的名字放在上面做广告.
Blimps and Balloons Hot-air balloons fly very slowly.
气球和气球 热气球飞得非常慢
They can’t be steered, so they drift where the wind pushes them.
他们无法被引导,
Gas burners warm the air inside the balloons, making them rise in the colder air around them.
燃气器将气球内部的空气取暖,使气球在周围更冷的空气中升起.
People fly in hot-air balloons for fun.
人们在热气球中飞行以取乐.
It’s a quiet and unusual way to see the countryside from above.
从上面看农村,
Beautiful balloons dot the sky.
美丽的气球点起天空。
Hot-air balloon passengers ride in a basket.
热气球乘客乘坐一篮子.
Blimps are often used to film sporting events.
Blimps常被用来拍摄体育赛事.
Riding in a blimp gives an amazing view.
骑入一团会让人印象深刻
A space shuttle rides a rocket into space.
航天飞机搭载火箭进入太空.
It carries astronauts and supplies to the International Space Station.
它运载宇航员和补给到国际空间站.
On its return trip to Earth, its wings let it land like an airplane.
它的翅膀让它像飞机一样降落
Rockets and Spaceships Rockets are very powerful engines that force hot gases out behind them to create thrust.
火箭和宇宙飞船 火箭是非常强大的引擎 迫使热气体 产生推力。
In 1957, the Soviet Union surprised the world when it used a rocket to launch the first satellite.
1957年,苏联用火箭发射第一颗卫星使世界大吃一惊.
The satellite’s name was Sputnik.
该卫星的名称是人造卫星。
It captured everyone’s imagination.
这吸引了每个人的想象力。
People thought about space travel—and being astronauts.
人们在考虑太空旅行—— 和宇航员。
Since then, rockets have carried people to the Moon and have helped to build a space station.
此后,火箭将人载入了月球并帮助建造了太空站.
The Saturn V rocket carried astronauts to the Moon.
土星五号火箭将宇航员送入了月球.
Index jet engines, 9 propeller, 5, 10, 16 rotor, 12, 13 space shuttle, 18 Wright, Orville and Wilbur, 6, 7 Other Ways to Fly Today, there are many ways to fly.
指数喷气发动机,9个螺旋桨,5个10个,16个转子,12个,13个航天飞机,18个莱特,奥维尔和威尔伯,6个,7个其他去飞的"今日之道",有许多飞行方式.
Hang gliders take off from cliffs and glide to the earth, drifting on air currents.
起吊滑翔机从悬崖起跑并滑翔到地上,漂流于气流上.
In sleek, thin glider aircraft, people can soar for hours.
在滑翔机,薄滑翔机中,人们可以飞出几个小时.
Long ago, people could only imagine flying like birds.
很久以前 人们只能想象飞行像鸟一样
Now, many people have the chance to fly.
现在,很多人都有飞行的机会.
Where would you like to fly?
你想飞到哪里去?
A hang glider flies over a beach.
吊起的滑翔机飞过海滩
A modern glider aircraft soars in the air.
现代滑翔机在空中飞起.