Dogs at Work
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents Introduction.
导言表。
4 Service and Therapy Dogs.
4 服务和治疗犬。
5 Search-and-Rescue Dogs.
5"搜救犬队".
9 Detection Dogs.
9 侦测犬.
12 Conclusion.
12 结论。
15 Glossary.
15 词汇。
16 Introduction You probably know that some dogs aren’t just pets—they hold jobs!
导言 有些狗不只是宠物,
Some dogs can work on farms, guarding or herding animals.
有的狗可以在农场工作,看守或放牧动物.
Other dogs can pull sleds or help people hunt.
其他狗可以拉雪橇或帮助人们打猎.
Dogs have worked with people for thousands of years.
狗与人共事了数千年.
What makes dogs such great workers?
是什么让狗 这么伟大的工人?
They learn fast, and they can also hear and smell better than we can.
他们学得很快,他们也能比我们更能听到和闻到.
This means that dogs can do jobs that people can’t.
这说明狗可以做别人不能做的工作。
Some of their jobs may surprise you.
他们的一些工作可能让你吃惊
Service and Therapy Dogs Many dogs work with people to help them feel better.
服务和治疗 狗头 许多狗与人合作帮助他们感觉好些.
These dogs are called therapy dogs.
这些狗被称为治疗犬.
Therapy dogs comfort people and keep them calm.
治疗犬会安慰人们,让他们保持冷静.
These dogs sometimes visit sick people in hospitals to cheer them up.
这些狗有时会去医院看病,让他们高兴.
Therapy dogs need to have a friendly personality.
治疗狗需要有一个友好的个性.
They are trained to react calmly to new places, smells, and people.
他们受过训练,能够冷静地对新地方,嗅觉和人作出反应.
Studies show that simply petting a dog can be good for you.
研究表明,只是宠养一只狗对你有好处。
It can lower your stress, for instance.
例如,它可以降低你的压力。
Other dogs help people with disabilities.
其他犬类帮助残疾人.
These dogs are called service dogs.
这些狗被称为服务犬.
Service dogs can do many different jobs.
服务犬可以做许多不同的工作.
For example, guide dogs help people who cannot see well.
例如,导盲犬帮助那些看不见的人.
These dogs are trained to keep people from stepping into traffic.
这些狗被训练,防止人们踏入交通.
Guide dogs are also trained to lead their owner around objects.
向导犬还接受过引导其主人围绕物体的训练.
That way, their owner won’t trip or fall.
他们的主人不会摔倒,
Tennille the Guide Dog Guide dogs can be trained to help their owner have adventures.
Tennille"指南狗"指南狗可以被训练来帮助主人有冒险.
A guide dog named Tennille helped her owner hike in the wilderness.
一只叫Tennille的向导狗帮助她主人在荒野中出走.
Tennille was the first guide dog trained to do this.
Tennille是第一只训练有素的导盲犬.
Her owner, Trevor Thomas, is blind.
她的主人特雷弗·托马斯是盲人.
Tennille helped Thomas over and around large rocks.
Tennille帮助了托马斯在大石头上和周围.
She also looked for trail signs and led Thomas up to them.
她也寻找出踪迹 并带领托马斯找到它们。
Thomas would then read the signs with his fingers.
托马斯会用手指读出标志
Thomas hopes that he and Tennille can encourage other blind people to follow their example.
托马斯希望他和特尼耶能够鼓励其他盲人效仿他们的榜样.
A guide dog helps its owner exit a subway train in China.
导盲犬帮助车主出走中国地铁列车.
Some service dogs help people who can’t hear well.
有些服务犬帮助那些听不清的人。
These dogs listen for noises (like a doorbell), touch their owner, and move toward the noise.
这些狗听来会发出噪音(如门铃), 触摸主人,
Some service dogs also help their owner move around.
一些服务犬也帮助店主四处出走.
They pull wheelchairs, pick up dropped objects, press buttons, and open doors.
他们拉起轮椅,取出落下的物品,按下按钮,并打开门.
Service dogs help their owner with many day-to-day tasks, including opening doors by pulling ropes (left) and pushing buttons (bottom).
服务犬帮助主人完成许多日常任务,包括通过拉绳子(左)和按下按钮来打开门.
Some service dogs use their nose to help their owner.
一些服务犬用鼻子帮助主人.
For example, dogs can help people with low blood sugar.
例如,狗可以帮助有低血糖的人.
These dogs can smell changes in blood and alert their owner to eat food or take medicine.
这些狗可以嗅出血液的变化并提醒主人吃食物或吃药.
Other service dogs can smell when a person is about to have a seizure.
其他服务犬在某人即将发作时会闻到.
These sudden attacks cause body spasms and other problems.
这些突袭导致身体痉挛等问题.
Service dogs can warn the person before it happens.
服役犬可以在事发前警告人.
Other dogs work with children who have food allergies.
其他的狗和有食物过敏症的儿童一起工作.
Some children can’t eat peanuts.
有些孩子不能吃花生。
Service dogs can help them by smelling hidden peanuts in food.
服务犬可以通过在食物中嗅出隐藏的花生来帮助他们.
When Tyler Mc Cready has low blood sugar, his dog, Sinatra, warns him to take medicine by touching his arm.
当泰勒·麦克·克瑞迪有低血糖时,他的狗辛纳特拉就通过触摸手臂来警告他服用药物.
Search-and-Rescue Dogs Some dogs work to find people who are lost, hurt, or trapped.
搜救狗队 有些狗会寻找丢失、受伤或被困的人。
These dogs are called search-and-rescue (SAR) dogs.
这些狗被称作搜救犬(SAR).
Many SAR dogs use their powerful nose to find people who need help.
许多搜索和救援犬利用强大的鼻子寻找需要帮助的人.
Dogs can be trained to do this in two different ways.
狗可以接受两种不同方式的训练来做到这一点.
The first way is through “tracking”—putting their nose to the ground to follow a scent.
第一种方式是通过 " 跟踪 " ——把他们的鼻子扑倒在地上以跟随气味。
Tracking dogs can follow a missing person when the scent is fresh.
追踪犬会在气味新鲜时跟随失踪的人.
They need to work quickly, before the scent fades.
他们需要快速工作, 在气味消失之前。
A search-and-rescue dog helps police track down a boy who wandered out of his house one night.
一个搜救犬帮助警方追踪到一个男孩,一个晚上从他家出走.
The second way that dogs can search for missing people is by sniffing the air instead of the ground.
狗可以搜寻失踪者的第二种方式是嗅出空气而不是地上.
These “air-scent” dogs often work in a big search area.
这些“空气中”的狗往往在一个大搜索区工作。
Using only their nose, they can find skiers trapped under 5 meters (16 ft.)
只用鼻子就能发现被困在5米(16英尺)以下的滑雪者.
of snow.
积雪。
They can also find lost hikers.
他们也可以找到迷失的徒步者.
They can even find people trapped in buildings that have fallen down.
他们甚至能找到被困在倒塌的建筑物里的人.
The air-scent method is easier for dogs to learn since dogs sniff this way naturally.
气分的方法对狗来说更容易学习,因为狗会自然地嗅到这种味道.
A firefighter uses a rescue dog to search an accident site in China.
[永久失效連結] 消防员用救援犬搜出中国一事故现场.
Other SAR dogs work in the water instead of on land.
其他搜索和救援犬则在水中而不是在陆地上工作。
Water rescue dogs can be trained to pull drowning people to safety.
水上救生犬可被训练出将溺水者拖入安全地带.
They can find people underwater and pull small boats to land.
他们可以在水下找到人,并拉起小船去降落.
Water rescue dogs need to be strong swimmers.
水上救生犬需要强壮地游泳.
For this reason, big dogs like Newfoundlands make good water rescue dogs.
出于这个原因,纽芬兰等地的大狗会做出很好的水上救援犬.
Newfoundland dogs have waterproof fur and webbed toes, and they love to swim.
纽芬兰的狗有防水皮毛和网床脚趾,并喜欢游泳.
They are also much stronger than human lifeguards.
它们也比人的救生员强得多。
A 68-kilogram (150 lb.)
68公斤(150磅)
Newfoundland can pull ten people to safety at once!
纽芬兰可以立刻把十个人拉到安全的地方!
A Newfoundland practices a water rescue in England.
纽芬兰人在英国练习取水
Detection Dogs Some dogs work as detectives.
探测犬 有些狗做侦探
These dogs are called detection dogs.
这些狗被称作"探测犬".
They use their sense of smell to help people find things that are hidden.
他们利用自己的嗅觉帮助人们找到被隐藏的东西.
Police use detection dogs often.
警方经常使用探测犬.
They use arson dogs when a building has burned down.
他们使用纵火犬 当一栋建筑被烧毁。
It may be hard to find out whether someone started the fire on purpose.
可能很难确定是否有人故意起火.
Arson dogs sniff for chemicals that might have been used to start the fire.
纵火犬嗅到可能用来起火的化学物质.
An arson dog searches a burned building for chemicals.
纵火狗搜查了被烧毁的建筑 以获取化学物质
Detection dogs are also used at airports and border crossings.
机场和过境点也使用探测犬。
These dogs search for objects that cannot be brought into a country or onto a plane.
这些狗寻找无法带入一个国家或飞机的物体。
It’s usually illegal to bring fresh fruit or live animals across a border without permission.
将新鲜水果或活生生的动物运出边境,
Detection dogs can find these things hidden in people’s bags.
侦测犬会发现这些东西藏在人们的袋子里。
Police also use detection dogs to find criminals.
警察还利用侦测犬来寻找罪犯.
Other detection dogs work outside the world of crime.
其他侦查犬在犯罪世界之外工作.
For example, some dogs are trained to search for termites in houses and other buildings.
例如,一些狗被训练去寻找房屋和其他建筑中的白蚁.
Termites damage buildings by eating wood.
白蚁通过吃木材来破坏建筑物.
They are hard for humans to find, but termite dogs can sniff them out.
人类很难找到它们 但是白蚁狗可以嗅出它们
A dog sniffs for illegal items in luggage coming into the United Kingdom.
一只狗闻到进入英国的行李中的非法物品。
Odd Jobs Dogs are good learners, and they can be trained to do very unusual jobs.
奇数作业 狗是很好的学习者,可以被训练做非常不寻常的工作.
For example, a dog named Piper worked with his owner at an airport in Michigan.
例如,一只叫"皮珀"的狗在密歇根州的一个机场与他的主人一起工作.
His job was to chase wild birds out of the path of planes on runways.
他的工作是把野生鸟类赶出跑道上的飞机道.
Another group of dogs had an unusual job at an oceanside baseball park in San Francisco.
另一群狗在旧金山的海边棒球公园工作异常.
These dogs jumped into the ocean to get balls that were hit into the water.
这些狗跳入了大海,以获得被打入水中的球.
The ball- retrieval program is now over, but for a time, baseball fans loved to collect these “Splash Hit” balls.
球回收程序现已结束,但一段时间以来,棒球迷喜欢收集这些"一击"球.
Detection dogs may even be able to help doctors in the future.
侦测犬甚至可能在未来帮助医生.
Some dogs, for example, seem to be able to smell cancer in humans.
例如,一些狗似乎能够嗅出人类的癌症.
Scientists are studying these dogs to see if they can help doctors find cancer quickly in their patients.
科学家们正在研究这些狗,看看它们是否能够帮助医生迅速发现病人的癌症.
Piper the airport worker A dog shows off its skills by sniffing samples of people’s breath to detect lung cancer.
机场工人 一只狗通过嗅取人的呼吸样本来检测肺癌来展示自己的技能。
Conclusion Dogs help us do many types of jobs.
结论 狗帮我们做很多工作
As our work changes and grows, so do the jobs we give to dogs.
随着我们工作的变化和增长,我们给狗的工作也一样.
From sniffing out cancer cells to pulling a swimmer to safety, dogs help humans in many ways.
从嗅出癌细胞到把游泳者拉到安全,狗在许多方面帮助了人类.
Their strength, friendliness, intelligence, and powerful senses make dogs wonderful workers.
他们的力量,友好,智慧, 和强大的感官 使狗的出色工人。