About Trees
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Introduction Trees are the tallest living plants.
导言 树是最高的活生生的植物.
Redwood trees can grow as tall as a 30-story building.
红木树能长出高至30层的建筑.
Giant sequoias can weigh as much as 3,000 large pickup trucks, making them one of the heaviest living things.
巨型sequoias可重达3000辆大型皮卡,使其成为最重活物之一.
Trees also live a long time.
树也活得长.
Many trees alive today were full-grown long before the United States became a country.
许多活生生的树木早在美国成为国家之前就已经完全出土了.
But these massive trees share something with all plants—they make their own food.
但是这些巨型树木与所有植物都有共同的东西——它们自己做食物.
Leaves Imagine being able to make your own food without cooking or even going to a restaurant!
想象一下自己能自己做饭,不用做饭,甚至不去餐馆!
Leaves make food for trees by changing energy from sunlight into food.
叶子通过将能量从阳光转化为食物来为树木提供食物.
This important work is done by chlorophyll (KLOR-uh-fill), the green coloring in leaves.
这一重要工作由叶绿素(KLOR-uh-fill),叶绿色完成.
Leaves come in all shapes and sizes.
叶来有形有相而有相.
Most deciduous (dee-SIJ-oo-us) trees have wide, thin leaves, while most conifers have needlelike leaves.
多数被切除(dee-SIJ-oo-us)的树有宽而薄的叶子,而大多数针叶有针叶.
Conifers keep their needles through all seasons.
孔发者以出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出入出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出入出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出入出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出入出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出入出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出
Only the oldest needles fall to the ground.
只有最古老的针入地.
Deciduous trees lose their leaves every fall.
断取树每秋一去而去.
In the fall, the leaves of deciduous trees show their true colors.
在秋天,枯树的叶子显示了它们的真实颜色.
These true colors are yellows, oranges, and browns, which hide under green chlorophyll all spring and summer.
这些真正的颜色是黄色,橙色和棕色,它们在整个春季和夏季都隐藏在绿色叶绿素下.
We see these colors in the fall after leaves stop making chlorophyll.
我们在秋天看到这些颜色 叶子停止生产叶绿素。
Branches Branches are the arms that hold up a tree’s leaves.
树枝是扶起树叶的手臂。
Branches spread leaves out to get as much sunlight as they can.
树枝会分散出叶子 以获得尽可能多的阳光
The leaves give shade to other living things on sunny days.
在阳光灿烂的日子 叶子会给其他活物荫影
Branches start out as twigs, then they grow thicker each year.
分枝起先为树枝,后每年增厚.
As a tree grows, its bark cracks open so the branches and trunk can expand.
随着一棵树的生长,它的树皮裂开,使树枝和树干可以扩张.
New bark is always growing under the old, ready to protect the tree.
新树皮在老树下总是会长出来,准备去保护树.
If new bark gets stripped away, a tree can die.
如果新树皮被剥去,一棵树会死.
Trunk Tubes in the tree’s trunk carry water from the roots up to the leaves.
树干中的特伦克管将水从根到叶。
They also carry sap, or food, down from the leaves to the roots.
它们也会携带从叶子下到根的树苗或食物.
These tubes are like highways, carrying traffic back and forth.
这些管子就像高速公路一样,前后承载着交通.
They are close to the outside of the tree, just under the bark.
他们离树外边很近 就在树皮下
A tree doesn’t need the middle of its trunk to live.
树不需要树干中间才能活下来。
The middle is made of rings of old growth, not active highways.
中间由由老式成长的环而成,不是活动式高速公路.
That’s why a tree can keep growing even if the middle is hollowed out after a lightning strike.
即使中间被雷击后空出,
All it needs is enough bark to protect its highways.
它只需要有足够的树皮来保护它的高速公路.
Roots Trees need soil to keep growing.
根数 树木需要土壤来保持生长.
Roots are part of the highways.
根为高速公路的一部分.
They soak up water and nutrients from the soil.
它们从土壤中浸出水和养分。
Roots also keep the soil in place when it rains.
地根还使取出地取出出地取出地取出地取出地取出地取出地取出地取出地取出地取出地取出地取出地取出地取出地取出地取出地取出地取出地取出地取出地取出地取出地取出地取出地取出地取出地取出地取出地取出地取出地取出地取出地取出地取出地取出地取出地取出地取出地取出地取出地取地取出地取地取出地取出地取出地取出地取出地取地取地取地取地取地取地取地取地取地取地取地取地取地取地取地取地取地取地取地取地取地取地取地取地取地取地取地取地取地取地取地取地取地取地取地取地取地取地取地取地取地取地取地取地取地取地取地取地取地取地取地取地取
Without the roots of trees and plants, soil washes away.
没有树木和植物的根,土壤会洗去.
Trees are stuck in the soil because their roots reach deep into the ground.
树木被困于土壤中,因为它们的根能深入地.
It’s a good thing they can make their own food, since they can’t move to get it.
因为他们无法动身获取食物,
Sap Leaves use water plus sunlight and air to make food for the tree.
相叶花利用水加阳光和空气为树作食物.
This food is in the form of liquid sugars.
这种食物的形式是液糖.
Sometimes people eat some kinds of tree sugars for food.
有时人们会吃出某种树糖作为食物.
You’ve probably had tree sugar for breakfast—pouring it over your pancakes or waffles.
你可能吃过树糖吃早餐,
Have you guessed what tree sugar this is?
你猜这是树糖吗?
It’s maple syrup, and it comes from the food, or sap, of a sugar maple tree.
这是枫糖浆,它来自一棵糖枫树的食物,或ap.
Seeds Deciduous trees grow flowers, which make seeds that are inside fruit or nuts.
花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花和花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花
Conifers make cones instead of flowers.
锥花会做锥花来代替花.
The cones do the same job for conifers that flowers do on other trees.
锥子对锥子的工作与花花在其他树上的工作相同.
They make seeds to grow more trees.
它们制作种子来种出更多的树木.
Each seed holds its own supply of food to keep it alive until it’s ready to sprout.
每一种子都有自己的食物供应,
Growing How does a tall tree grow from a small seed?
增长 高树如何从小出出出?
The seed soaks up water until it can send out a root.
种子会浸入水中直到能发出根来.
With more water, leaves inside the seed case grow until they push up and out.
随着水量的增加,种子箱内的叶子会生长到上下.
Once this has happened, we say the seed has sprouted.
一旦发生这种情况,我们说种子已经生出。
Now the sprout can make its own food and no longer needs the seed’s store of energy.
现在,芽可以自己做饭,不再需要种子储存的能量了。
The seed leaves will make food for the new sprout.
种子叶会为新出芽作食物.
Conclusion While trees look like they aren’t doing much, they are working.
结论 树木看起来没什么用,
They make their own food by changing sunlight and air into sugars.
它们通过将阳光和空气转化为糖来制作自己的食物.
This helps keep the air clean, too.
这有助于保持空气清洁。
Trees are homes and food for birds and other animals.
树是鸟类和其他动物的家园和食物.
Look to see which animals make homes in trees near your home.
看看你家附近的树上 是什么动物造出家来
Some animals, including humans, eat sap, fruit, and seeds from trees.
包括人类在内的一些动物会吃树苗,水果和树上的种子.
Others eat bark and leaves.
有的吃树皮和树叶.
Trees do many things.
树作多事.
Tree leaves shade us on sunny days.
树在阳光明媚的日子给我们遮蔽
They also shade new sprouts from the heat of the sun so they won’t burn.
也遮住太阳发热后的新芽,
Tree roots hold the soil in place that trees and other plants need to grow.
树根将土壤固定在树木和其他植物需要生长的地方.
From saplings to mighty giants, trees stand tall.
从树苗到强大的巨人,树高而立.