The King of Spices
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents Introduction.
导言表。
4 How Pepper Grows.
(原始内容存档于2018-10-12). How Pepper grows.
6 Where Pepper Grows.
6 胡椒生长的地方。
7 A Popular Spice.
7 A受欢迎的香料。
8 A Long, Expensive Journey.
8"一长","高贵"之旅.
10 Pepper Today.
10 Pepper Today. (西班牙语).
14 Glossary.
14 词汇表。
16 Introduction What is black and wrinkled like a tiny raisin?
导言 什么是黑色和皱纹 像一个小葡萄干?
What has sent men sailing across the ocean and was once used as money?
是什么把人送出海去的 曾经被用作钱?
It’s pepper!
这是胡椒!
You may have seen pepper in a shaker.
你可能看到胡椒 在摇摆器。
You may have sprinkled it on your food.
你可能已经洒在你的食品上。
But do you know what it is?
但你知道这是什么吗?
Do you know where it comes from?
你知道它从哪里来的吗?
The pepper you eat comes from a dried- up berry called a peppercorn.
你吃的胡椒来自一种干出叫"辣椒"的莓汁.
If you have ever seen a peppercorn, you might have thought it was a pebble.
如果你曾见过一头辣椒, 你可能以为那是个鹅卵石。
But it is not.
但事实并非如此。
It is a berry that grows on a vine.
是一种生长在藤本上的莓汁。
People use the whole peppercorn or crush it into tiny pieces.
人们使用整个辣椒或把它压碎成小块.
They use it to add flavor to food.
他们用它来给食物添加口味.
Plant parts that are used to flavor food are called spices.
用于口味食品的植物部分称为香料.
Pepper is a spice with a very strong flavor.
辣椒是一种香料 有很强的口味。
People use it on meat and vegetables.
人们在肉和蔬菜上使用.
You can mix it with other flavors to make plain foods taste better.
你可以与其他口味相混合,使平庸的食物味道更好.
Eating too much pepper can be bad for you.
吃太多胡椒对你不好
If you eat plain pepper, your tongue will feel like it is on fire.
如果你吃平地胡椒,你的舌头会觉得它着了火。
You might even feel hot inside.
你可能甚至觉得里面很热。
Some people can get sick if they eat too much pepper.
有些人如果吃太多胡椒会生病.
Pepper is known as the King of Spices.
胡椒被誉为"辣椒之王".
This is because it is used more than any other spice in the world.
这是因为它比世界上任何其他香料都多用.
As you read, you will find out that pepper was once even used as money!
你读到的时候 你会发现 辣椒曾被用作钱
Do You Know?
你知道吗?
Pepper can tickle the inside of your nose and make you sneeze.
胡椒能打痒鼻内出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出入出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出入出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出入出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出入出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出入出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出
During a sneeze, air and other stuff can speed out of your nose at 161 km per hour (100 mph)!
在打喷嚏时,空气和其他东西可以以每小时161公里(100 mph)的速度从你的鼻子里飞出!
How Pepper Grows The pepper plant grows as a long vine.
胡椒的生长方式 花椒花植物生长为长藤.
The vines often wrap around a tree.
花藤常环绕一棵树.
Groups of round berries hang down from the vines.
一群圆果从藤蔓上吊倒.
Each group can have thirty to seventy berries.
每组可有30到70个浆果.
When the berries dry out, they turn black and hard.
浆果干后会变黑变硬.
They become wrinkled like a raisin.
它们像葡萄干一样皱起
The dry berries are called peppercorns.
干燥的浆果被称作"辣椒".
Each peppercorn is smaller than a pea.
每只辣椒比豌豆还小.
Usually, people do not eat whole peppercorns.
通常,人们不吃整颗辣椒.
Instead, they use the type of pepper you see in a shaker.
相反,它们使用你看到的在摇摆器中的花椒类型.
People use tools to grind peppercorns into tiny flakes.
人们使用工具将辣椒粉磨成小片.
This makes pepper easier to eat.
这使得胡椒更容易吃.
Where Pepper Grows The pepper plant needs a lot of water to grow.
胡椒生长的地方 花椒植物需要大量的水来生长.
This is why it is found in places that get a lot of summer rain.
这就是为什么它被发现的地方 得到大量的夏季雨。
To dry out the berries, farmers also need a place with a warm, sunny autumn.
要干干浆果,农民也需要一个温暖而阳光明媚的秋天的地方.
By winter, the peppercorns can be used as a spice.
到冬天,辣椒可用作香料.
One good place to grow pepper is the southwestern part of India.
生长花椒的一个好地方是印度西南部.
The weather is perfect for growing pepper vines.
天气适合种植花椒藤.
Farmers have grown pepper in India for thousands of years.
农民在印度种植了花椒数千年.
The people of India used pepper to trade for things they wanted or needed.
印度人民用胡椒来换取他们想要或需要的东西.
India N Malabar coast In the 1400s, a lot of the world’s pepper came from southwestern India.
印度 马拉巴尔海岸 在1400年代,世界上很多花椒出自印度西南部.
A Popular Spice Pepper has been used in many ways.
一种受欢迎的辣椒已经在许多方面被使用.
Long ago, people used it to make meat taste better.
很久以前,人们用它来让肉品味更好.
Some people thought eating pepper could help them when they got sick.
有些人认为吃花椒在生病后会有所帮助.
They also used it to make their homes smell good.
他们还用它来让家闻到香味
One place where pepper is popular is Europe.
胡椒流行的地方之一是欧洲.
Hundreds of years ago, it was very hard to get this spice there.
几百年前,很难得到这种香料。
It did not grow in Europe, but many people still wanted it.
它在欧洲没有增长,但许多人仍然想要.
There was a very small supply of pepper but a big demand for it.
胡椒供应量很小,但需求很大。
This meant that people who had pepper could sell it for a high price.
这意味着有花椒的人可以高价出售.
Peppercorns were in such demand that they were sometimes used as money.
胡椒玉米被这样要求,有时被当做钱来用.
People might get paid in peppercorns.
人们可能会用辣椒子赚钱
They could use their peppercorns to buy things they needed.
他们可以用他们的辣椒来买他们需要的东西.
They could even pay their rent with peppercorns!
他们甚至可以用辣椒来付房租!
People could also trade peppercorns for other food.
人们还可以用辣椒来换取其他食物.
In Rome, a person could trade one pound of pepper for forty pounds of wheat!
在罗马,一个人可以用一磅花椒来换取40磅的小麦!
In Greece, pepper cost so much that most people could not afford to buy it.
在希腊,胡椒花销巨大,以至于大多数人买不起.
If a poor person had pepper, leaders might have thought it was stolen.
如果一个穷人有胡椒,领导者可能以为是被偷的.
Sometimes poor people were punished just for having pepper.
有时穷人只因为吃胡椒而受到惩罚.
It was clearly a spice only the rich could afford.
这显然是一种香料,只有富人才能买得起。
A Long, Expensive Journey In the 1400s, people in Europe got a lot of their pepper from India.
阿龙 昂贵的旅程 1400年代,欧洲人从印度得到大量的胡椒.
It grows in other places, too, but those places are even farther from Europe than India.
它也生长在其他地方,但那些地方甚至比印度更远.
To get pepper to Europe from so far away, people had to pay others to bring it to them.
为了从这么远的地方得到胡椒到欧洲,人们不得不花钱让别人把它带给他们.
In the 1400s, it took over a year to get pepper from India to Europe.
1400年代,从印度取出胡椒到欧洲需要一年多时间.
There were no planes, trains, or trucks back then.
当时没有飞机、火车或卡车
The peppercorns had to travel in carts or on the backs of animals, and sometimes by boat.
辣椒需要用推车或动物背上行走,有时还用船行走.
As bags of peppercorns were moved from place to place, their price went up.
随着一袋辣椒被从地移到地上,价格上升了.
Each worker had to be paid.
每个工人都必须得到报酬。
First, the pepper berries had to be picked in India.
首先,辣椒浆必须在印度取出。
Farmers gathered them in large bags or baskets.
农民用大袋子或篮子把他们聚集起来。
Then they put them on big blankets to dry in the sunlight.
然后他们把它们放在大毯子上 在阳光下干燥。
All the farmers had to be paid.
所有农民都必须得到报酬。
Workers loaded the peppercorns onto wagons, and the journey began.
工人把辣椒装上马车,旅程开始了.
Strong animals pulled the wagons to a river.
强壮的动物把马车拉到一条河上
Bags of pepper were loaded onto boats.
将一袋胡椒装上船。
Then the boats took the pepper down a river to the shore.
后被船取出胡椒下一河入岸.
All the wagon and boat workers had to be paid.
所有马车和船工都必须得到报酬。
Now the pepper was ready to cross the ocean.
现在胡椒已经准备好穿越海洋了.
It was loaded onto larger boats that sailed from India to Africa.
它被装上从印度航行到非洲的更大型的船只.
The boat workers and the captains had to be paid.
船工和船长必须领到工资。
Watch the coins below as the price of pepper rises.
看着下面的硬币,随着胡椒价格的上涨.
When the pepper arrived in Africa, it had to move over land.
胡椒到达非洲后,不得不在陆地上移动.
A strong buffalo or camel carried it.
一只强力水牛或骆驼带着它。
The pepper was taken down the Nile River on a wide boat.
胡椒被取下尼罗河下行一行宽船.
The boat workers and the people who led the animals all had to be paid.
船工和领导这些动物的人都必须得到报酬。
The load of spice had to cross the sea between Africa and Europe.
香料的载荷必须穿越非洲和欧洲之间的海洋.
So it was put onto one last boat.
所以它被放进了最后一艘船上
It could be sent to Greece, France, or many other countries.
它可以被送往希腊,法国或许多其他国家.
All the boat workers had to be paid.
所有船只工人都必须得到报酬。
When the boat reached Europe, the journey was almost complete.
当该船到达欧洲后,旅程几乎完成.
The pepper was carried over land by carts.
胡椒被推倒在地上
All the drivers had to be paid.
所有司机都得付钱
At last, it was sold at a high price.
最终被高价出售.
This helped pay everyone who worked to get it to Europe.
这帮助了所有为把它送到欧洲而工作的人。
Kings and queens in Europe paid their own explorers to find new ways to bring back spices and other riches.
欧洲的国王和王后们付钱给自己的探险家,以寻找新的方法将香料和其他财富带回来.
Explorers were able to sail from Europe all the way to India and back.
探索者能够从欧洲一路航行到印度并返回.
This was cheaper than bringing it over land.
这比把它带到地上便宜
Queen Isabella of Spain (left) paid Christopher Columbus (right) to find ways to bring back riches from around the world.
西班牙女王伊莎贝拉(左翼)向克里斯多弗·哥伦布(右翼)支付报酬来寻找办法从世界各地取回财富.
Pepper Today Pepper is used around the world today.
今天的辣椒节 胡椒在今天的世界范围内被使用.
But it is much, much cheaper now.
但现在已经便宜多了
You can buy it in a store with just a few coins.
你可以用几枚硬币在商店里买
Many places even give it away for free.
许多地方甚至免费赠出.
Imagine how a king from 600 years ago would feel if he saw free pepper!
想象一下600多年前的国王 看到免费胡椒会有什么感觉!
Why is pepper cheaper today?
为什么胡椒今天便宜?
Now there is enough supply to meet the demand.
现在有足够的供应来满足需求。
Also, people can ship peppercorns around the world in just a few hours.
另外,人们可以在短短几个小时内将花栗子运送到世界各地.
People use fast ships, trains, trucks, and even airplanes to quickly get pepper to those who want it.
人们使用快船,火车,卡车,甚至飞机来迅速把胡椒送到想要的人手中.
N India China Sri Lanka Vietnam Indonesia Malaysia Brazil Pepper is grown in many countries today.
印度 中国 斯里兰卡 斯里兰卡 目前许多国家都种植了"巴西辣椒"(Pepper).
The pepper that comes out of your shaker is just like the pepper from 2000 years ago.
胡椒从你的摇动器里出来 就像2000年前的胡椒
It tastes the same.
其味相类.
It still grows in India and in rainy parts of the world.
它仍然在印度和世界多雨地生长.
So the next time you grind pepper on your food, imagine you are a king or queen.
所以下次你在食物上磨胡椒时 想象一下你是国王还是女王
Think of what you could have bought in the 1400s with a whole shaker full of the King of Spices.
想想在1400年代 你用一个充满了香料之王的摇摆器可以买到什么
It was like sprinkling your food with little bits of gold!
就像用一点金子砸你的食物一样!
Thinking Critically Today, as in the 1400s, people use pepper more than any other spice.
想想今天 和1400年代一样 人们比其他香料多用辣椒
Do you think pepper will always be the King of Spices?
你认为胡椒永远是香料之王吗?