Lice Aren’t Nice
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents Who Gets Head Lice?
内容表 谁得到头虱?
4 Name That Louse!
四叫那个卢斯!
6 How Do We Get Head Lice?
6,我们怎么得到头虱?
8 Head Lice Life.
8头虱活.
11 Bugs Begone!
11个虫子消失!
13 The Truth About Head Lice.
13 关于头虱的真相.
15 Glossary.
15 词汇。
16 Who Gets Head Lice?
16岁,谁得到头虱?
Head lice love chomping on human heads—particularly the heads of kids.
头虱喜欢用人头咬人头,特别是孩子的头.
These bloodsucking insects can cause tons of trouble!
这些吸血的昆虫会惹上很多麻烦!
Lice love all sorts of heads, those of kids and adults alike.
虱子爱各种头, 儿童与成年人一样。
Head lice have bugged people for many centuries.
头虱子已经窃听了几个世纪了
Even though they’ve been around a long time, many people don’t understand what they are or where they come from.
许多人都不明白自己是什么,
Some people think head lice are a sign of a filthy home.
有些人认为头虱是肮脏家的标志.
Others believe only people who don’t wash enough get them.
其他人相信只有洗不干净的人才能得到。
In fact, attracting lice has nothing to do with how clean your home or school is.
事实上,吸引虱子与你的家或学校多么干净无关.
It’s not related to how often you wash or brush your hair.
这与你多久洗一洗头发无关。
It’s not related to your hair length, either.
也与你的发型无关。
Head lice affect people who are rich and people who are poor.
头虱会影响富人和穷人。
They affect people who live in cities and those who live in the country.
它们影响到生活在城市的人和生活在国家的人。
They affect people all over the world.
它们影响到全世界人民。
From Louse to Lice When you see more than one mouse, you don’t call them mouses, right?
从卢斯到虱子 当你看到一个以上鼠标时,
You call them mice.
你叫他们老鼠
In the same way, one of these bloodsucking insects is called a louse, but two or more are called lice.
同样地,这些吸血的昆虫中的一个被叫作"虱子",但两个或两个以上被叫作"虱子".
Lousy Twins?
讨厌的双胞胎?
Body lice and head lice may look like twins, but they’re actually quite different.
身体虱子和头虱可能看起来像双胞胎,
Body Lice Head Lice Spread dangerous sickness Don’t spread sickness Live in clothing, especially where it touches the skin Live on human heads and hair May stay alive for a few days away from human contact Adults die within about a day away from humans; young die even more quickly Most common when people can’t keep clothes and/or bodies clean Can show up whether a person’s body or clothes are clean or dirty Name That Louse!
虱子会传播危险疾病 不要传播疾病 穿衣服活活, 特别是接触皮肤 活活在人类头上和头发上 可能活了几天 远离人类接触 成人在距离人类大约一天的时间内死去 年轻人会更快地死去 当人们无法保持衣服和/或身体清洁时 不论一个人的身体或衣服是否干净,
Different types of lice live on humans, and they all feed on human blood.
不同种类的虱子活在人身上,它们都以人血为食.
Body lice and head lice look almost the same, but head lice are slightly smaller.
身体虱子和头虱子的外观几乎相同,但头虱子略小.
From head to tail, an adult head louse is about 1/8 inch (2–3 mm) long.
从头到尾,一头成年后长约1/8英寸(2至3毫米).
That’s about the size of a pencil point!
这跟铅笔点差不多!
Their small size makes them tough to spot and tough to catch.
它们体型小,使得它们难以被发现并难以被接住.
Like all insects, head lice have six legs and three body parts.
和所有的昆虫一样,头虱有6条腿和3个身体部位.
Strong claws on their legs help them hold tight to human hair.
腿上有很强的爪子,可以帮助它们紧紧地抓住人类的头发.
See how a match head and a head louse compare in size.
看一个相配的头和头 如何比较大小。
Magnified many times, the claws of this louse are revealed!
放大了多次,这只狼的爪子就暴露了!
The claws let the louse grasp a human hair but make the louse unable to jump.
爪子让狼人抓住了人类的发型,却使狼人无法跳出.
Pet Pests?
宠物佩斯?
Cats and dogs can get lice, too, but their lice are different from the kind that like human hair.
猫和狗也可以得到虱子,但是它们的虱子和人类发型不同.
Cats and dogs can’t give us their lice, and we can’t give them ours, either.
猫和狗不能给我们虱子,
If your pet does get lice, get him or her to a vet!
如果你的宠物得到虱子, 送他或她的兽医!
How Do We Get Head Lice?
我们如何得到头虱?
Head lice usually spread by direct head- to-head contact with someone who has head lice.
头虱通常通过直接头-头-头接触有头虱的人来传播.
People—especially young children—often touch heads when talking or playing.
人们,特别是年幼的儿童,在说话或演奏时常常会碰头。
Sometimes head lice spread when a person with head lice shares a hat, comb, or other item.
有时头虱会由有头虱的人共用一顶帽子,梳子或其他物品而传播.
A louse can hitch a ride on the shared item to reach a new person.
狼人可以搭乘共享物品到达新人.
However, this rarely happens, and head lice can’t live for long away from a human body.
但这种情况很少发生,
If one crawls onto something like a comb, it usually dies before reaching another person.
如果一个人爬上像梳子一样的东西,通常在到达另一个人之前会死去.
Head lice have pointed, straw-like mouths for piercing skin and sucking blood.
头虱已指出,吸管状口为穿出皮肤和吸血.
Their bites don’t hurt.
他们的咬伤并不痛。
However, head lice inject a small amount of saliva (spit) when they feed.
然而,头虱在喂食时会注入少量口水(spit).
The saliva helps keep blood from clotting, so it’s easier to drink.
唾液有助于防止血液凝血,
Sharing hats has been known to spread head lice.
据悉,共享帽子会传播头虱.
The saliva is what makes bites itchy.
口水是咬痒的原因
After a person is injected with head lice saliva, his or her body can become sensitized to it.
在一个人被注射头虱唾液后,他或她的身体会变得敏感.
Sensitized skin is allergic to bites.
敏感皮肤对被咬过敏.
The bitten area becomes red and itchy.
被咬的区域变得红而痒.
Adult head lice are usually tan or gray, but as they suck blood, they appear to get darker.
成年头虱通常为棕色或灰色,但当它们吸血时,似乎变黑了.
Head Lice Life Head lice eggs, called nits, are tiny.
头虱活 头虱卵(学名:Nits)为 tiny科虱卵属下的一个种.
Adult females attach nits to hairs using special glue that makes them hard to remove.
成年雌性用特殊的胶水将硝酸盐附入毛发上,使其难以去除.
Nits are usually found near the scalp, especially near the ears and back of the head.
硝基通常在头皮附近被发现,特别是耳朵和头部后部相近.
They hatch within a week to ten days.
它们在一周到十天之内孵出
In order to hatch, nits need to stay close to the scalp to stay warm.
为了孵出,Nit需要保持靠近头皮以保持温暖.
Nits more than 1/4 inch (6 mm) away from the scalp usually die.
离头皮1/4英寸(6毫米)以上的尼茨通常会死亡.
Head lice nits attach to hair.
头虱子硝接发.
Young head lice, called nymphs, look like small adults.
年轻的头虱子,被叫作"尼",外表像小成年人.
After they hatch, they must feed within twenty-four hours to stay alive.
孵出后,它们必须在24小时内取出活口.
Nymphs become adults in about ten to twelve days.
尼姆斯在大约十到十二天之内就成年了.
They go through an incomplete metamorphosis along the way.
它们沿途经历了一个不完整的变形.
Like other insects, head lice are hard on the outside to help protect their bodies.
与其他昆虫一样,头虱在外侧很硬来帮助保护身体.
When they grow too large, they shed the outer layer and grow a new one.
当它们生长得太大时,会出出外层并长出一个新的.
Head Louse Life Cycle 7–10 days to hatch The life cycle of a louse is the set of stages that the louse goes through during its life.
孵化期7至10天 狼的生命周期是狼在生前经历的一组阶段.
To break the life cycle, lice must be killed or removed before they are full-grown.
要打破生命周期,虱子必须先被杀死或取出后再被完全生长.
Otherwise, they can make more eggs.
否则,它们可以做更多的鸡蛋.
Bugs Begone!
虫子离开!
The first sign of head lice is usually the ticklish feeling of something in your hair.
头虱的第一个迹象 通常是你头发里的东西的痒痒感。
Head lice bites can also make you feel itchy, and scratching itchy spots can cause sores.
头虱被咬也会让你感到痒痒,而挠痒的斑点会引起疼痛.
If you have head lice, people can sometimes spot nits in your hair.
如果你有头虱子,人们有时会在你的头发上发现硝酸盐.
Nits mean you probably have head lice.
尼茨意味着你可能有头虱。
However, nits can stick to your hair even when dead or after they hatch.
然而,尼特可以粘住你的发型,即使死后或孵出后.
To diagnose head lice, it’s best to look for living ones.
在诊断头虱时,
Spotting them is difficult, though.
监视他们很困难
Adult head lice don’t like light and can crawl quickly to avoid it.
成年头虱不喜欢光,
Sometimes people use a “lice comb” with very fine teeth to aid the search.
有时人们会使用有非常细齿的"虱子梳子"来帮助搜寻.
A mother uses a lice comb on her daughter’s hair.
母亲在女儿头发上用虱子梳子.
A lice comb has long, strong, closely spaced teeth that remove both lice and nits from human hair.
虱子梳有长,强,相距相近的牙齿,能从人毛上去除虱子和硝子.
Head lice are often killed with special chemical shampoo.
头虱常被特制化学洗发水所杀.
Treatment usually has to be repeated after about nine days to deal with any newly hatched nits.
治疗通常必须在大约9天后重复进行,以便处理任何新孵化出来的硝酸盐.
Doctors sometimes prescribe products that use different sorts of chemicals to kill the lice.
医生有时会开出使用不同化学品来杀死虱子的产品.
Scientists at the University of Utah also invented a machine like a hair dryer that kills lice and nits.
犹他大学的科学家们也发明出一款像干发机的机器来杀死虱子和硝.
Since it uses hot air, it helps kids and parents avoid the use of chemicals.
由于它使用热空气,它能帮助孩子和父母避免使用化学品.
Students at the University of Utah show the hot-air machine at work.
犹他大学的学生在工作时展示了热空气机.
It lifts the hair and blows hot air to get rid of lice.
能起发而吹出热气以除虱.
The Truth About Head Lice Anyone can get head lice.
关于头虱的真相 任何人都可以得到头虱.
They aren’t a sign of dirty hair or houses.
他们不是脏发或房子的标志。
They’re a sign that you’re human—and that you need treatment to get rid of your itchy guests.
也表明你需要治疗才能摆脱烦躁的客人。
So spread the word, not the lice!
所以说,不要说虱子!
Super Lice!
超级虱子!
No, these lice aren’t bigger or bloodthirstier than other lice, but they are harder to kill.
这些虱子比起其他虱子,
That’s because the bugs have changed.
因为虫子已经变了。
They’re no longer hurt by certain chemicals we’ve used to kill them in the past.
他们不再被我们过去用来杀死他们的某些化学品所伤害。
As a result, many people report that some chemical shampoos are no longer doing the trick.
因此,许多人报告说,一些化学化作的香波已经不再在做诡计了.
To avoid chemicals, some people use an olive oil treatment for several weeks.
为了避免化学物质,有些人使用橄榄油处理方法几个星期.
They apply the oil before bed and sleep in a shower cap.
他们在睡觉前施放油并用浴帽入睡.
Glossary clotting (v.)
词汇块块(五.
changing from a liquid to a solid state, usually referring to blood (p.
从液态变为固态,通常指血(p.
9) diagnose (v.)
9) 诊断(五.
to identify an illness or problem (p.
以识别疾病或问题(p.
13) hatch (v.)
13)舱口(五.
to come out of an egg or something else that holds an animal inside as it grows (p.
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11) incomplete metamorphosis (n.)
11) 不完整的变形(n.