Legislative Branch
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents Introduction.
导言表。
4 The U.
4 U. (英语).
S.
师曰.
Constitution.
宪法。
5 How Congress Works.
5 国会如何运作。
6 How a Bill Becomes a Law.
6 法案如何成为法律。
8 What Members of Congress Do.
8 国会议员们做什么。
11 Speeches.
11 发言。
12 Getting Elected.
12 当选。
13 Conclusion.
13 结论。
15 Glossary.
15 词汇。
16 Introduction The legislative branch of the United States government is called Congress.
导言 美国政府的立法部门称为国会.
It is made up of the Senate and the House of Representatives.
它由参议院和众议院组成.
Senators and representatives speak for the American people in the U.
参议员和代表代表美国人民发言.
S.
师曰.
government.
政府。
They write and change the laws of the country.
他们写和修改国家的法律。
They also have other important jobs.
他们也有其他重要的工作。
Members of Congress work in the Capitol Building in Washington, D.
国会议员在华盛顿特区的国会大厦工作.
C.
C组
The U.
吴人.
S.
师曰.
Constitution The Constitution, adopted in 1788, breaks up the U.
宪法 1788年通过的"宪法"瓦解了U.
S.
师曰.
government into three parts.
政府分为三个部分。
The president is in charge of the executive branch.
总统负责行政部门。
The Senate and the House of Representatives make up the legislative branch.
立法部门由参议院和众议院组成。
The judicial branch runs the Supreme Court and the U.
司法部门管理最高法院和U.
S.
师曰.
court system.
法院系统。
The different parts sometimes work together and sometimes disagree.
不同的部分有时会合作,有时也会有分歧.
The Three Branches of Government The Senate The House of Representatives LEGISLATIVE BRANCH The President The Vice President The Cabinet EXECUTIVE BRANCH Supreme Court Other Federal Courts JUDICIAL BRANCH How Congress Works The Senate and the House of Representatives have different numbers of members.
参议院 众议院 立法局 总统 副总统 内阁执行官 最高法院 其他联邦法院 参议院和众议院的议员人数不同.
The House of Representatives has 435 members.
众议院有435名议员.
Each member is elected to a two-year term.
每个成员当选后任期为两年。
Members of the House are divided among the fifty states by how many people live in each state.
众议员由五十个州分出,按每个州住多少人.
California has more people than any other state.
加利福尼亚州的人数比任何其他州都多.
It has the most representatives in the House.
众议院代表最多。
Some states only have one.
有些州只有一个州
Delaware has only one representative in the House—Lisa Blunt Rochester.
特拉华州在众议院只有一个代表——丽莎·布伦特·罗切斯特.
One hundred senators make up the Senate.
100名参议员组成了参议院.
Senators are elected to a six-year term.
参议员由选举产生,任期六年。
Each state has two senators.
每个州有两名参议员.
It does not matter how many people live in the state.
何等为所住于州.
Senators each earned $174,000 in 2018.
2018年参议员每人收入为17.4万美元.
How to Become a Senator or Representative People who want to serve in Congress must meet certain rules.
如何成为参议员或代表 人民谁希望在国会服务 必须符合某些规则。
To serve in the Senate, people must be at least thirty years old and must have been U.
要在参议院任职,人们必须至少30岁,必须是U.
S.
师曰.
citizens for the last nine years.
过去九年的公民。
They must live in the state they want to represent.
他们必须生活在他们想代表的国家。
To serve in the House, people must be at least twenty-five years old.
入宫侍从,人必须至少二十五岁.
They must have been U.
他们一定是U
S.
师曰.
citizens for the last seven years and live in the state they represent.
过去7年的公民生活在他们所代表的国家。
How a Bill Becomes a Law It takes many steps to make a new law.
法案如何成为法律 它采取许多步骤来制定一部新法律。
The first step is to write a bill.
第一步是写法案.
Anyone can do this, even people who do not work in the government.
任何人都可以做到这一点,即使是不在政府工作的人.
People talk to senators and representatives at town hall meetings.
人们在市民大会上与参议员和代表交谈.
They even suggest bills.
他们甚至提出账单。
Next, a member of Congress brings the bill to the Senate, the House, or both.
接下来,国会议员将法案提交参议院,众议院,或两者兼备.
Then a small group of senators or representatives meet to talk about the bill.
然后,一小撮参议员或代表开会讨论该法案.
Their job is to decide whether the bill should go to the full Senate or House.
他们的工作是决定该法案是应该提交参议院还是众议院。
The group does research about the bill.
该小组对法案进行研究。
They meet with people who know a lot about the topic of the bill.
他们与那些对法案主题非常了解的人会面.
They make changes to the bill based on their research.
他们根据自己的研究对法案进行修改.
Then the group votes.
后被小组投票.
If most of the group votes for the bill, it moves on.
如果大多数集团投票支持该法案,则继续前进.
A date is chosen for the Senate or House to talk about it.
选择一个日期供参议院或众议院讨论.
Important bills are talked about right away.
重要帐单马上谈
Many never get talked about at all.
很多人从不谈这个
A group of representatives talk about making changes to the U.
一批代表谈改革"U".
S.
师曰.
health care system.
保健制度。
When a bill’s date comes up, the full Senate or House talks about the bill.
参议院或众议院讨论该法案。
Its members make changes to it.
其成员对其作出修改。
Then they vote.
然后他们投票。
If most of them vote for it, the bill moves to the other part of Congress.
如果多数人投了赞成票,法案就转移到了国会的另一部分.
Then that part of Congress talks about the bill and makes changes to it.
之后,国会的这一部分讨论法案并作出修改.
Both parts of Congress must vote for the same bill.
国会两部分必须投票支持同一法案.
If it passes both votes, it goes to the president.
如果两票都通过,就交给总统
Once the president signs the bill, it becomes a law.
一旦总统签署法案,就成为了法律.
If the president does not sign it, it becomes a law after ten days.
如果总统不签署,十天后即成为法律.
The president can also veto, or reject, the bill.
总统也可以否决或否决该法案。
Usually, the bill is no longer talked about after that.
通常,法案在此之后不再被讨论.
However, if two-thirds of both parts of Congress vote for it, the bill becomes a law anyway.
然而,如果国会两部分三分之二的议员都投票支持,法案无论如何都成为了法律.
People march by the Capitol Building in 2018 to show their support for anti-gun laws.
2018年民众由国会大厦游行,以显示对反枪支法的支持.
What Members of Congress Do Members of Congress are very busy.
议员们都很忙
Here is a look at some parts of their work.
以下是他们工作的一些部分。
Senator Jon Tester from Montana talks to people from his state during a parade in 2018.
来自蒙大拿州的参议员乔恩·蒂特尔(Jon Tester)在2018年的一次阅兵中与来自他州的人交谈.
Representative Will Hurd from Texas serves Thanksgiving dinner at an army base in 2017.
德克萨斯州代表威尔·赫德 2017年的感恩节晚宴在一个陆军基地.
Speeches Unless a time limit has been set, senators can usually talk about a bill for as long as they like.
除非规定时限,否则参议员通常可以随时谈论法案。
Often only a few senators talk about a bill.
经常只有少数参议员谈论法案.
Other senators are busy working in groups or in their offices.
其他参议员则忙于小组或办公室工作.
Lights and bells tell senators when it’s time to vote.
灯和钟告诉参议员,
Since there are so many representatives, rules limit how long they can talk about a bill.
由于有这么多的代表,规则限制了他们谈论法案的时间.
Rules also limit the number of changes that can be made to a bill in the House.
规则还限制对众议院法案的修改次数.
Representative Nancy Pelosi from California gave the longest speech ever in the House.
来自加利福尼亚州的代表南希·佩洛西(Nancy Pelosi)在众议院发表了史上最长的演讲.
It lasted for more than eight hours.
它持续了8个多小时。
Getting Elected Members of Congress spend a lot of their time raising money for election campaigns.
争取当选国会议员花费了大量时间为竞选活动筹集资金.
They spend money on ads, travel, posters, stickers, and stamps to get elected and stay in their positions.
他们花钱在广告,旅行,海报,贴纸,和邮票上,以便当选并留在自己的岗位上.
Since representatives only serve a two-year term, fund-raising is really important for them.
由于代表们任期仅为两年,所以筹款对他们来说确实很重要。
Representatives might spend half their day trying to get people’s support.
代表们可能花上半天时间去争取人们的支持。
They make phone calls and give speeches and interviews.
他们打电话,演讲和采访。
They talk about what they have done and what they plan to do to help the people they represent.
他们谈论他们做了什么,计划做什么来帮助他们所代表的人民。
Representative Pramila Jayapal (pruh-MIH-luh JYE-uh-pawl) from Washington talks about why she wants to keep working in the House.
来自华盛顿的代表普拉米拉·贾亚帕尔(Pruh-MIH-luh JYE-uh-pawl)谈到了她为什么想继续在众议院工作.
The legislative branch checks the judicial branch because it can remove judges from office.
立法部门检查司法部门,因为它可以解除法官的职务。
The judicial branch makes sure Congress’s laws follow the Constitution.
司法部门确保国会的法律遵循宪法。
LEGISLATIVE BRANCH The executive branch checks the judicial branch by picking judges.
立法部门 行政部门通过挑选法官来检查司法部门。
The judicial branch also checks the executive branch.
司法部门还检查行政部门。
It makes sure the president’s orders follow the Constitution.
让总统的命令符合宪法。
EXECUTIVE BRANCH The legislative branch checks the executive branch.
执行理事会 立法部门检查行政部门。
It controls the budget and can remove a president from office.
它控制预算,可以解除总统的职务.
The executive branch can check the legislative branch.
行政部门可以检查立法部门.
It can veto a bill so it can’t become law.
政府可以否决法案,
With enough votes, Congress can vote down a veto.
如果有足够的选票,国会可以否决。
JUDICIAL BRANCH Checks and Balances Under the Constitution, each of the three branches of government can stop, or “check,” the other two.
司法机构 根据《宪法》,政府三个分支的每个分支都可以停止,或“检查”,其他两个分支。
This system of checks and balances is an important part of the Constitution.
这种制衡制度是宪法的重要组成部分.
It helps prevent one branch from having too much power.
它有助于防止一个分支拥有过多的力量.
Conclusion The legislative branch is an important part of the U.
结论 立法部门是U的重要组成部分.
S.
师曰.
government.
政府。
Senators and representatives write and change laws.
参议员和代表撰写并修改了法律.
They make sure the voices of the American people are heard in their government.
他们确保美国人民的声音在他们的政府中被听到.
A statue called Freedom atop the Capitol Building proudly shows what is important to the American people.
一个叫做"自由"的雕像 在国会大厦上 自豪地展现了对美国人民很重要的东西
Glossary campaigns (n.)
词汇运动(不详)
planned actions taken to reach a certain goal (p.
为达到某一目标而计划采取的行动(p.
13) elected (v.)
13)当选(五.
chosen by vote to be a member of government (p.
以投票方式被选为政府成员(p.
6) fund-raising (n.)
6) 集资 (n.
the process of collecting money to support a certain cause or goal (p.
集资支持某一事业或目标的过程(p.
13) House of Representatives (n.)
13) 众议院 (n.
one of the two parts of the U.
U的两部分之一。
S.
师曰.
Congress that makes laws, having a number of representatives from each state that is based on how many people live there (p.
制定法律的国会,每个州都有若干代表,这些代表都根据居住在那里的人数而定(p.
4) legislative (adj.)
(4) 立法(adj.)
of or relating to the branch of government that makes laws (p.
或与制定法律的政府部门有关(第2页)。
5) limit (n.)
5)限制(n.)
the greatest or smallest number or amount that is allowed (p.
允许的最大或最小的数目或数量(p.
12) reject (v.)
12)拒绝(五.
to refuse (p.
拒绝(p.
10) research (n.)
10) 研究 (n.
a detailed study of a subject, especially to discover new information or to find facts (p.
详细研究某一主题,特别是发现新信息或发现事实(p.
9) Senate (n.)
9) 参议院 (n.
one of the two parts of the U.
U的两部分之一。
S.
师曰.