Carver
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents Born a Slave.
《奴隶诞生目录》。
4 Learning on His Own.
4 学习自己。
6 Making a Difference.
6 作出改变。
8 Ideas Are Free.
8 思想是自由的。
13 A Lasting Message.
13 遗言。
15 Glossary.
15 词汇。
16 Born a Slave George Washington Carver was born in Missouri in 1864, during the Civil War.
16 Born a Slave George Washington Carver于1864年生于密苏里州,内战期间.
George Washington Carver in the lab, 1940 Iowa Missouri Alabama Texas Arkansas Illinois Kansas Oklahoma Nebraska Georgia Florida Mississippi Louisiana Tennessee Kentucky Indiana Ohio States Where Carver Lived and Worked Carver grew up in Missouri, studied in Kansas and Iowa, and worked in Alabama.
乔治·华盛顿 卡弗在实验室,1940年爱荷华州密苏里州阿拉巴马州 德克萨斯州 阿肯色州 伊利诺斯州 俄克拉荷马州 内布拉斯加州 佛罗里达州 密西西比州 路易斯安那州 肯塔基州 印第安纳州 俄亥俄州 卡弗活生生的卡弗在密苏里州长大,在堪萨斯州和爱荷华州学习,在阿拉巴马州工作.
The Civil War (1861–1865) The Civil War was a fight between two sides of the United States, the North and the South.
内战(1861–1865). 南北战争是美国南北双方的一场战斗.
When it began, slavery was legal in fifteen “slave states” in the South and illegal in seventeen “free states” in the North.
奴隶制在南方15个“奴隶邦”是合法的,在北方17个“自由邦”是非法的。
Many people in the North wanted to end slavery in all the states.
北方的许多人想结束所有各州的奴隶制.
Many people in the South wanted to keep slavery legal.
南方许多人希望奴隶制保持合法.
In order to do this, they tried to break away from the North and start their own country.
为了这样做,他们想从北方分裂出来,开始自己的国家.
The North went to war to keep the United States just that—united.
北方为了维持美国的统一而参战
After the North won the war, all the slaves were freed.
北伐取胜后,奴隶全部被解放.
George was born a slave, but when the Civil War ended, he and his older brother, Jim, were freed.
乔治生来就是奴隶,但是内战结束后,他和哥哥吉姆被释放了.
Moses and Susan Carver, the couple who had owned them, gave the orphaned boys a home.
拥有他们的一对夫妇摩西和苏珊·卡弗(Susan Carver)给了孤儿们一个家.
Jim helped Moses in the fields, but George was often sick and stayed at home to help Susan.
吉姆在田地上帮助了摩西,但乔治经常生病并留在家中去帮助苏珊.
She taught him to read, write, and sew.
她教他读书、写作、缝纫
What George liked best, though, was to garden and explore nature.
不过乔治最喜欢的就是园地和探索自然.
Learning on His Own George taught himself about plants and animals.
学习他自己的乔治教自己植物和动物.
He wanted to go to school to learn even more, but many schools at that time were segregated.
他本想去学校学习更多,但当时许多学校被隔离.
This meant that white and black students could not go to the same school.
这意味着白人和黑人学生不能在同一所学校上学。
Since the nearby school did not allow black students, George left home for another school when he was twelve.
由于附近的学校不允许黑人学生上学,乔治于12岁时离开家去另一所学校.
He lived with the Watkins family and worked for his meals and room.
他和沃特金斯一家住在一起,为他的饭和房间工作.
At thirteen, he moved to Kansas.
13岁时,他搬到了堪萨斯州.
When George graduated from high school, he earned a scholarship to go to a Kansas college.
乔治从高中毕业后,他获得了奖学金进入堪萨斯大学.
When George arrived at the college, however, the school turned him away because he was black.
然而,乔治到达学院后,学校却因为他是黑人而把他拒之门外.
George was unhappy, but he did not give up learning.
乔治不高兴,但他并没有放弃学习.
He farmed and taught himself to paint.
他耕种并教自己作画.
His friends told him to try a different college.
他的朋友们告诉他要尝试另一所大学.
He went to Simpson College in Iowa to study art.
后入爱荷华州辛普森学院学习艺术.
This time, the college let him stay.
这次,大学让他留下来。
Making a Difference George liked Simpson College, but he wanted to help others more.
乔治喜欢辛普森学院,但他更想帮助别人。
He decided to study agriculture—the science of farming—at another college in Iowa.
他决定在爱荷华州的另一所学院学习农业——农业科学。
He was the school’s first black graduate.
他是该校首位黑人毕业生.
He later became the school’s first black professor.
他后来成为了学校的第一位黑人教授.
George could not attend college in Kansas because of his skin color.
乔治因肤色而不能入读堪萨斯大学.
George receives his diploma from Iowa State Agricultural College.
乔治从爱荷华州立农业学院获得文凭.
Professor Carver went to Alabama in 1896 to help the farmers there.
1896年卡弗教授去阿拉巴马州帮助那里的农民.
These farmers had a big problem.
这些农民有一个大问题。
Each year their crop was smaller, and the farmers were poorer.
它们每年的收成都比较小,农民也比较贫穷。
Carver quickly realized that years of growing cotton had worn out the soil.
卡弗很快地意识到多年种植的棉花已经磨损了土壤.
The farmers barely made enough money to buy food, so they had no money to buy fertilizer that would help the plants.
农民们勉强赚到足够的钱来购买食物,所以他们没有钱购买能帮助植物的肥料.
Professor Carver taught the farmers that dead leaves and swamp muck could be added to the soil as free fertilizer.
卡弗教授教导农民,枯叶和沼泽泥浆可以被添加到土壤中作为自由肥料.
Planting sweet potatoes, peas, or peanuts in the fields after the cotton was picked also helped the soil.
棉花被取出后在田地上种植甜薯,豌豆或花生也帮助了土壤.
These crops put important nutrients back in the soil after they were used up by cotton plants.
这些作物被棉花植物用完后将重要的营养放回了土壤.
Carver sent out information about how to grow and cook these crops.
卡弗发送信息 如何种植和烹饪这些作物。
By eating them, farmers spent less money buying food from stores.
通过吃它们,农民花费较少的钱从商店购买食物.
Carver held a chunk of soil from a worn-out field.
卡弗持有一整块土壤 从磨损的地上。
Children help pick cotton on a Mississippi plantation in the late 1800s.
18世纪后期,孩子们帮助密西西比种植园采取棉花.
Farmers also needed a way to sell the new crops, so Professor Carver became an inventor.
农民还需要一种方法来出售新作物,因此卡弗教授成为了一位发明家.
He invented more than a hundred ways to use sweet potatoes and three hundred ways to use peanuts!
他发明了一百多种使用甜薯的方法和三百种花生的方法!
Carver invented up to 300 uses for the peanut: pavement, grease, medicines, peanut coffee, peanut mayonnaise, peanut flour, peanut milk, shoe polish, bleach, sandpaper, and more.
卡弗发明了多达300种花生用途:人行道,油脂,药品,花生咖啡,花生蛋黄酱,花生面粉,花生牛奶,鞋油,漂白剂,沙纸等.
Contrary to popular belief, however, he did not create peanut butter.
然而,与大众信仰相反,他并没有创造花生酱.
A Native American tribe is known to have eaten a paste made from peanuts more than 500 years ago.
一个美洲原住民部落已知食用了500多年前用花生制成的面条.
It wasn’t as creamy as the tasty goo we eat today, though.
也不像今天的美味地吃。
Ideas Are Free By 1921, people were listening to Carver’s ideas.
思想是自由的 到1921年,人们开始聆听卡维尔的想法.
He was asked to speak before the U.
他被要求在U面前发言。
S.
师曰.
Congress—the country’s lawmakers.
国会是国家的立法者。
Some members of Congress laughed and made fun of him.
一些国会议员取笑并取笑他.
He had been given ten minutes to talk, though, and he made the most of them.
不过,他有10分钟的时间来谈,他充分利用了这些话。
Carver talked about all the things that could be made with the tiny peanut.
卡弗谈到了用小花生可以制造出的所有东西.
The men fell silent.
诸人默然.
When Carver’s ten minutes were up, they gave him more time.
当卡弗的十分钟到来时,
In the end, they passed a law to help U.
最后,他们通过了帮助U的法律.
S.
师曰.
peanut farmers.
花生农民.
Over the years, Carver became as famous as many rock stars are today.
多年来,卡弗像今天许多摇滚明星一样出名.
Crowds gathered to hear him speak.
众相聚而闻他语.
He turned down jobs and money because he thought helping people was more important.
他拒绝了工作和金钱,因为他认为帮助人们更重要.
He believed that ideas were free and should be freely given.
他认为思想是自由的,应该自由地给予.
Carver spoke to members of Congress.
卡弗与国会议员交谈.
Carver greeted President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, around 1936.
卡弗问候了 富兰克林·德拉诺·罗斯福总统,1936年前后.
A Lasting Message George Washington Carver believed that people should treat each other with respect.
乔治·华盛顿 卡弗认为人们应该尊重对方.
He won the respect of a nation at a time when few black people got much respect at all.
他赢得了一个国家的尊重,而此时黑人却很少得到任何尊重.
Carver also believed that people should respect and care for the Earth.
卡弗也认为人们应该尊重和关心地球.
If they did, nature would provide the things they needed.
如果他们这样做,自然会提供他们需要的东西。
Many years later, we are discovering that he was right.
许多年后,我们发现他是对的。
Glossary agriculture (n.)
词汇农业(n.)
the science of farming and raising livestock (p.
农业学和畜牧业学(p.
8) famous (adj.)
8)出名 (adj.
well known (p.
页:1
14) fertilizer (n.)
14) 化肥 (n.
a natural or chemical substance that promotes plant growth (p.
一种促进植物生长的天然或化学物质(p.
9) inventor (n.)
9) 发明家 (n.
a person who creates, designs, or builds something that did not exist before (p.
创造、设计或建造以前不存在的东西的人(p.
11) professor (n.)
11) 教授(不详)
a college or university teacher (p.
学院或大学教师(p.
8) segregated (adj.)
8) 隔离(adj.)
kept apart based on group differences, such as race (p.
根据种族(p.
6) Not long before he died, Carver donated $33,000 to the Tuskegee Institute to carry on the agricultural work he began.
6) 在他去世前不久,卡维尔向图斯克格研究所捐赠了33,000美元来继续他开始的农业活.
(That would be about $450,000 today!)
(今天大约是45万美元!)