The Everglades
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents Weird and Wonderful.
内容表 怪异和美妙。
4 More Than a Swamp.
4个以上 比沼泽。
5 A Park Is Born.
5 公园诞生。
10 Protecting the Park.
10"保护公园".
12 Into the Wild.
12入野经.
14 Glossary.
14 词汇表。
16 gumbo-limbo tree skink lizard stinkpot turtle Weird and Wonderful Have you ever heard of a gumbo-limbo?
16口香糖-林波树皮克蜥蜴臭锅龟 怪异而奇妙 你听说过一个口香糖吗?
How about a skink?
怎么样的皮肤?
Or a stinkpot?
还是臭锅?
These are not cartoon characters.
这些不是卡通人物。
They are the names of plants and animals that live in Everglades National Park in Florida.
它们是生活在佛罗里达州Everglades国家公园的植物和动物的名字.
It is a weird and wonderful place, unlike any other.
这是一个怪异而美妙的地方,不像任何其他地方。
More Than a Swamp The area known as the Everglades makes up much of South Florida.
不只是沼泽 被称作"Everglades"的地区构成了南佛罗里达州的大部分.
Everglades National Park lies within this area.
Everglades国家公园位于这一地区.
The region is the largest subtropical wilderness in the United States.
该地是美国最大的亚热带荒地.
It has hot, wet summers and mild, dry winters.
有炎热湿润的夏季和温和干燥的冬季.
Some people may think the Everglades is just a big wet swamp.
有些人可能认为埃弗格拉德河只是一个大湿润沼泽.
The Everglades does have lots of water, but its waters connect different ecosystems.
Everglades河确实有很多水,但其水域连接了不同的生态系统.
Each of these ecosystems supports different life-forms.
这些生态系统都支持不同的生命形态.
There are mammals, reptiles, birds, and fish.
有哺乳动物,爬行动物,鸟类,和鱼类.
Many are found only in the Everglades.
许多人只见于Everglades.
Where Are the Everglades?
埃弗格莱德人呢?
Georgia Alabama GULF OF MEXICO ATLANTIC OCEAN Everglades National Park Florida Everglades region Everglades National Park KEY To the north are freshwater cypress swamps.
格鲁吉亚 亚拉巴马州 墨西哥 Everglades国家公园 佛罗里达 Everglades地区 Everglades国家公园 关键 向北是淡水囊泡沼泽地.
They are named for the cypress trees that grow there.
它们因在那里生长的囊压树而得名.
Cypress swamps cover an area bigger than the state of Rhode Island!
Cypress沼泽覆盖了比罗德岛州更大的地区!
Cypress swamps are home to a wide variety of animals.
锡普斯沼泽是多种动物的家园.
These include panthers, rabbits, turkey, and deer.
其中包括豹子,兔子,火鸡和鹿.
The Florida panther became the official state animal in 1982.
佛罗里达豹于1982年成为正式的州级动物.
Trees with Knees Cypress trees have strange-looking growths called knees.
有膝盖的树 Cypress树有奇特的外观生长,叫"膝".
A cypress knee grows up from the tree’s roots.
膝盖由树根长出。
Part of these knees live above water and help bring air to the rest of the roots.
部分膝盖活于水上并会帮助将空气带到其他根部.
The other part lives below the water and helps to anchor, or support, the whole root system.
另一部分则活在水下,帮助支撑或支撑整个根系.
Mangrove swamps are saltwater swamps.
红树林沼泽为咸水沼泽地.
They are found at the Everglades’ southern tip.
在Everglades的南端发现了它们。
They get their name from trees that grow there.
他们的名字来自在那里生长的树木。
Mangrove trees have long roots.
红树林树有长根.
The roots rise above the water.
根起于水上.
They hold the trees steady as ocean tides rise and fall.
随着海洋潮汐的起伏,它们使树木稳住.
The roots are also home to other living things.
根也出自于其他活物.
Algae and tiny shellfish live there.
藻类和细小的贝类生活在那里.
Fish hide in the roots to keep safe from animals that might eat them.
鱼会躲入根部 以免被动物吃掉
Mangrove forests protect the Florida coastline from storms, waves, and tides (main).
红树林保护佛罗里达州海岸线免受风暴,波浪和潮汐(主干地)的侵袭.
Fish hide in mangrove roots (inset).
鱼藏于红树林根(被套入).
Between the different swamps are sawgrass marshes.
不同的沼泽之间有锯草沼泽.
Sawgrass is a tall plant that grows in water.
锯齿草属(学名:Cyclea)是禾本科下的一个属,为高大乔木植物,生长于水中.
Each blade of grass has sharp teeth, like a saw.
每片草片有锋利的牙齿,如锯.
Alligators that live in the marshes use sawgrass to build their nests.
生活在沼泽地的鳄鱼会用锯草来筑巢.
Sharp teeth line the edge of a blade of sawgrass.
锋利的牙线是锯草叶片的边缘.
Female alligators build nests above the water level to keep their eggs safe.
雌性鳄鱼在水位上方筑巢以保卵安全.
Trees thick with leaves grow in areas called hardwood hammocks.
有叶子的茂树生长在被称作硬木吊床的地区.
The leaves block sunlight and shade the ground.
叶子会挡住阳光 遮蔽地面
There is so little light there, few plants can grow.
那里光线很少,植物很少能长出.
That is why some plants grow on the trees instead.
这就是为什么一些植物生长在树上。
Trees grow close together in the hardwood hammock to create a cover that keeps the area shady and cool.
树木在硬木吊床里紧密地相接地生长,以形成一个能使该地区保持遮蔽和凉爽的封面.
Ecosystems of the Everglades The Everglades is made up of a variety of salt and freshwater ecosystems, or a combination of both.
Everglades的生态系统 Everglades由多种盐和淡水生态系统组成,或两者兼而有之.
Four of the major ecosystems are shown here.
4个主要生态系统在此展示.
A Park Is Born For many years, people left the Everglades alone.
公园诞生 多年来,人们独自离开了埃弗格拉德.
Then, in 1903, the United States government gave twenty million acres (8,000,000 ha) of land to Florida.
随后,1903年,美国政府将2000万英亩(800万公顷)的土地赠予了佛罗里达.
It wanted the state to drain the land and turn it into farms.
它希望国家将土地排出并变成农场.
It wanted people to build homes.
它希望人们建造家园.
Soon developers started drying out the land.
不久开发商开始将土地干涸.
The Everglades was slowly being destroyed.
Everglades被慢慢地摧毁了。
Some people wanted to protect the Everglades.
有人想保护Everglades人
A writer named Marjory Stoneman Douglas fought hard to keep the land safe.
一位名叫马乔里·斯通曼·道格拉斯(Marjory Stoneman Douglas)的作家为了保住土地的安全而进行了艰苦的斗争.
River of Grass In the 1940s, Marjory wrote a book called The Everglades: River of Grass.
草地河流 1940年代,马乔里写了一本名为"埃弗格拉德:草地之河"(The Everglades: River of Grass)的书.
The book was a great success and helped bring attention to the park project.
该书获得了巨大成功并有助于引起对公园项目的注意.
Marjory spent five years studying the Everglades.
马乔里花了五年时间研究了"Everglades".
She wrote about making the Everglades a national park.
她写道将"Everglades"建成国家公园.
In 1934, the United States government agreed to set aside one-and-a-half-million acres (607,000 ha) for a park.
1934年,美国政府同意为公园预留了150万英亩(60.7万公顷).
Times were hard, though, and there was no money.
时代是艰难的,但是没有钱。
Finally, in 1947, Everglades National Park was created.
最后于1947年创建了埃弗格拉德国家公园.
President Harry Truman dedicated Everglades National Park on December 6, 1947.
总统哈里·杜鲁门于1947年12月6日献给埃弗格拉德国家公园.
Protecting the Park Making the park was just the beginning.
保护公园 让公园刚刚开始
The Everglades is protected from development.
Everglades人受到保护,不受发展的影响。
However, there are other challenges.
然而,还有其他挑战。
There are dozens of animal and plant species that are in danger in Everglades National Park.
在Everglades国家公园里有几十个有危险的动植物物种.
Their homes are at risk due to changing weather patterns and human activity.
由于天气模式和人类活动的变化,他们的家园面临危险。
How Fire Saves the Marshes Unlike a swamp, a marsh has no trees.
火如何拯救沼泽与沼泽不同,沼泽没有树木.
That is in part due to fires.
部分原因是火灾。
Florida has many lightning storms.
佛罗里达州有许多闪电风暴.
The lightning starts brush fires.
闪电引发了刷火.
The fires burn any plants or trees growing in the marsh.
大火会烧毁沼泽中生长的任何植物或树木.
The fire kills young trees.
大火会杀死年轻的树木
It does not kill the sawgrass, though.
不过它不会杀死锯草
That is because sawgrass roots grow deep.
这是因为锯草根会深生.
They stay safe in a marsh’s wet, rich soil.
在沼泽湿润而丰富的土壤中,
When the fire passes, the plant sprouts new leaves.
火过后,植物会发芽出出新叶.
The balance of life in the park is changing, too.
公园里的生活平衡也发生了变化.
That is because non- native species now live in Florida.
这是因为非本地物种现在生活在佛罗里达。
These plants and animals came to Florida from other places.
这些动植物是从其他地方来佛罗里达的.
Some are pets that have been turned loose.
有些是被甩掉的宠物
Some are plants that grew from seeds people threw away.
有些植物是从人们扔掉的种子中生长出来的.
Other seeds were carried into the state by the wind.
其他种子被风吹入州.
These new species create problems.
这些新物种造成了问题.
They eat animals and plants that native species need to live.
它们食用当地物种需要活的动物和植物.
Special programs have been put in place to get rid of unwanted species.
已经制定了特别方案来消除不受欢迎的物种。
Scientists hold a huge python caught in the Everglades in 2009.
科学家持有一头巨大的蟒蛇 在2009年被困入了Everglades.
Pythons are not native to the Everglades.
活人不是Everglades的土生土长。
Airboats have flat bottoms that make travel across the shallow water in the Everglades easy.
航空船有平地的底座,使穿越埃弗格拉德河中浅水的行走变得容易.
Into the Wild Today, many people come to the Everglades.
进入了今天的荒野,很多人来到了Everglades.
They hike on trails through the swamps.
他们沿着沼泽的小径走
They paddle through the marshes.
他们划出沼泽
They camp under the hardwood hammocks.
他们在硬木吊床下扎营.
There is an amazing variety of life to see along the way.
沿途可看到各种各样的生活。
Kayaking through the cypress swamps is a popular activity in the Everglades.
穿过囊压沼泽是Everglades地区的一种受欢迎的活动.
Everglades National Park is a special place.
Everglades国家公园是一个特殊的地方.
It has many unusual plants and animals.
它有许多不寻常的动植物.
People from all over the world come to see them in their natural state.
诸天众生来见其自然相.
They come to admire the natural beauty of the Everglades.
他们来欣赏埃弗格拉德人的自然美.
It is a park like no other.
这是一个公园 不像其他。
The manatee, a native species, is found in the southeastern United States, but its primary range is in Florida.
马纳特人(英語:Manatee)是原生物种,分布于美国东南部,但其主要分布范围为佛罗里达.