Bats
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Introduction Enter a cave just as night approaches,.
进入一个洞穴,当黑夜降临的时候,
and you might see a dark cloud pouring like smoke from the cave.
你可能看见一朵黑云 从洞穴喷出一股烟雾
It’s a cloud of sorts,.
这是种云,
but it’s not a rain cloud—it’s a “bat cloud ” Bats like to spend the daytime in the cool darkness of a cave hanging upside down from the ceiling,but nighttime is different— it is time to hunt.
但这不是个雨云, 蝙蝠喜欢在寒冷的黑暗中度过白天 从天花板上倒吊起的洞穴, 但晚上的时间是不同的——是时候狩猎了。
So thousands of bats take flight from the cave.
因此有上千只蝙蝠从洞穴中飞出.
They dive and dart about,snatching insects from the air About Bats Bats are one of the oldest groups of mammals to have lived on Earth.
他们潜入和飞翔在空中捕食昆虫 蝙蝠是地球上最古老的哺乳动物群体之一
According.
据说.
to fossil records,they were sweeping through the air almost 60 million years ago.
从化石记录来看, 他们几乎在6000万年前就扫荡了空气。
Bats flew through the Earth’s skies before humans walked on the planet.
蝙蝠飞过地球的天空,
Although bats have been around for all that time, they haven’t changed much.
虽然蝙蝠在附近待了这么久,
Ancient fossils show that bats of long ago were very much like modern-day bats There are close to 1,000 kinds of bats.
古生物化石显示 很久以前的蝙蝠非常像现代蝙蝠 有近千种蝙蝠.
In fact,there are more kinds of bats than there are kinds of any other mammal.
实际上,蝙蝠种类比其他哺乳动物种类还要多.
These bats are placed into two groups— microbats and megabats Microbats eat mostly insects,but some also eat small fish,mammals,and amphibians.
这些蝙蝠被分成两组 微型和大型蝙蝠 微蝙蝠多吃昆虫,但有的还吃小鱼,哺乳动物和两栖动物.
The smallest microbat is the bumblebee bat,which is about as long as a paper clip.
最小的微相机是大黄蜂相机,它大约长到一发相机相接的相机.
Microbats live in a wide range of places.
微信众生相广.
and can be found throughout the world Megabats eat fruits.
全世界都能见到巨兽吃水果
They are found in warm,tropical areas where lots of fruit grows all year long.
它们分布在温暖的热带地区,许多水果会长出一整年.
The largest megabat is the Malayan flying fox.
最大的巨型战斗机是马来亚飞狐.
It is so large that with its wings spread out,it would stretch the length of the average-sized bathtub.
如此之大,会展出翅膀 它会拉长平均大小的浴缸长度
While some megabats are big,megabats are not always larger than microbats Bat Features Bats seem to get a bad rap when it comes to looks.
虽然一些巨型战斗机很大 但巨型战斗机并不总比微型战机大 Bat Features Bats在外表方面似乎得到了糟糕的说唱.
In fact,some people might consider them downright ugly.
事实上,有些人可能认为他们是丑陋的。
Others think bats look fierce and scary.
其他人认为蝙蝠看起来凶猛而可怕.
If you get to know bats better,you might change your opinion of them.
如果你更了解蝙蝠 你可能会改变你对蝙蝠的看法
You might even think that some bats are rather cute Bats,like most mammals,are covered.
你甚至可能认为一些蝙蝠是相当可爱的蝙蝠, 像大多数哺乳动物一样,被覆盖。
with hair or fur,which is soft and quite short.
毛发或毛发 柔软又短
There are a few types of bats that have only a little fuzz on their bodies.
少数种类的蝙蝠身体上只有一点模糊.
No wonder these bats are called naked bats.
难怪这些蝙蝠被称为"裸蝙蝠".
Bat fur comes in as many colors as human hair does.
蝙蝠皮毛的颜色和人类发型一样多
There are bats with brown,black, gray,red,and even yellow fur Bats are the only mammals that can fly.
有蝙蝠有褐色,黑色,灰色,红色等,而即使是黄毛蝙蝠也是唯一能飞行的哺乳动物.
Flying squirrels are mammals,too,but they don’t really fly.
飞松鼠也是哺乳动物,
They glide through the air after jumping from a tree branch.
它们从树枝上跳出后会从空中滑行.
Bat wings are made of two thin layers.
蝙蝠翼由两层薄而成.
of skin.
皮肤
The skin is so thin that you can almost see through it.
皮肤很薄,几乎可以看穿.
A bat’s wings are really modified hands that even have small thumbs.
蝙蝠的翅膀是真正经过改造的手,甚至有小拇指.
The skin stretches between long, thin bones when the bat is in flight and folds up when the wings are not in use.
在蝙蝠出行时,皮肤会伸展出长而薄的骨头,而翅膀没有被使用时会折叠.
A bat’s wings are used for more than flying.
蝙蝠的翅膀不仅仅用于飞行。
If a bat is too warm,it stretches out its wings so heat can escape to cool the bat.
如果蝙蝠太热了 它会伸展出翅膀 这样热能逃出来冷却蝙蝠
If the bat is too cold,it can wrap itself in its wings Like you,bats have two sets of teeth.
如果蝙蝠太冷,它可以把自己包在翅膀里 和你一样,蝙蝠有两套牙齿
The baby teeth are lost early in a bat’s life.
婴儿的牙齿在蝙蝠生命的早期就丢失了.
They are replaced by a set of 26 to 28 adult teeth.
它们被一套26到28个成人牙齿所取代.
These teeth are sharp and are used to cut and crush food.
这些牙齿锋利并用来切割和压碎食物.
Despite what many people believe,bats aren’t blind.
尽管许多人相信,
Bats use their eyes to see during the day and in the early evening.
蝙蝠用眼睛在白天和傍晚时分看到.
Let’s learn how bats find food in the dark Flight and Feeding Bats are skilled fliers.
让我们了解蝙蝠如何在黑暗的飞行中找到食物,
The bones of the bat’s wings can bend easily to change the shape of the wings.
蝙蝠翅膀的骨头可以很容易地弯曲来改变翅膀的外形.
By changing the shape of their wings,bats can quickly change the direction of their flight.
通过改变翅膀的外形,蝙蝠可以快速地改变飞行方向.
In addition to wings, most bats also have a piece of skin that stretches between their legs.
除了翅膀外,大多数蝙蝠还拥有一块伸展于两腿之间的皮肤.
When flying, bats spread their legs so that they can use the pouch of skin to help them steer up or down and swerve left or right Do You Know?
飞行时,蝙蝠会张开双腿,这样它们就可以用皮肤的邮袋来帮助它们向上或向下行驶并左右转弯,你知道吗?
We now know that bats are skilled fliers.
我们现在知道蝙蝠是熟练的飞行器。
But skilled flying alone doesn’t make bats good hunters.
但技术熟练的飞行并不能让蝙蝠成为好猎人。
Since bats do most of their hunting in the dark of night,they need.
由于蝙蝠在黑夜里打猎 他们需要
more talents than flying in order to hunt Microbats also have another feature to help them hunt—echolocation.
比飞行更能捕捉Microbat的人才还有另一个特征,
This is the use of sound waves to help bats locate insects.
这是利用声波帮助蝙蝠找到昆虫.
in flight.
在飞行中。
The photo and text below show how bats use echolocation When a bat finds an insect,it sends out more beeps or clicks and sends them out much faster.
下面的照片和文字显示蝙蝠如何使用回声定位 当蝙蝠发现昆虫时,它会发出更多的叫声或点击并发出更快的叫声.
It might send out up to 200 beeps or clicks per second.
它可能会发出高达200个哔声或每秒点击.
As it closes in on its target,it sweeps up the insect with.
当它接近目标时 它用它扫荡了昆虫
a wing and scoops it into a pouch that is formed with the skin between its legs.
把它塞入由外皮组成的邮袋中
Later, the bat will stick its head into the pouch to gobble up the meal.
稍后,蝙蝠会把头插入邮袋中去吞食.
Bats also snatch insects out of the air with their mouths The combination of skilled flying and echolocation makes microbats excellent hunters at night.
蝙蝠还用嘴从空气中取出昆虫 熟练的飞行和回声定位的结合使得微信在夜间成为了优秀的猎人.
The next time you are out.
下次你出来的时候
at night,take a look skyward.
晚上,朝天看一看。
You will likely see bats darting through the air,collecting insects in their tail pouches.
你会看到蝙蝠在空气中飞来飞去, 收集昆虫的尾袋。
Observe how quickly they change direction.
观察他们改变方向的速度
They are responding to brain signals telling them where food can be found Do You Know?
他们正在响应大脑信号 告诉他们在哪里能找到食物 你知道吗?
Bat Behavior Bats are not the mean,frightening.
蝙蝠行为 蝙蝠不是坏蛋,吓得要死
creatures that many people think they are.
很多人认为是生物
They don’t get into your hair or attack people,and there are no human vampires that turn into bats.
也没有人吸血鬼变成蝙蝠。
The truth is that bats.
事实是蝙蝠
are shy,gentle creatures.
害羞,绅士生物。
In fact,bats are our friends.
事实上 蝙蝠是我们的朋友
Just think of how many insects would be around if it were not for bats Can you imagine sleeping while hanging upside down with blood rushing to your head?
想想如果不是蝙蝠会有多少昆虫 你能想象在颠倒地上睡觉时 血流成河吗?
Well,it’s not a problem for bats.
这对蝙蝠来说不是个问题。
Bats sleep upside down.
蝙蝠倒着睡
They cling to the undersides of surfaces using the claws on their toes.
它们用脚趾上的爪子紧紧地贴在地表下方.
Hanging upside down makes it easy to take off to fly.
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All they have to do.
所有他们必须做的。
is let go and begin flapping their wings Many bats hibernate in the winter when there are no insects to hunt.
放手并开始拍翅膀 许多蝙蝠在冬季没有昆虫可猎时会冬眠.
Before hibernating,bats eat lots of food,which they store as extra fat.
在休眠前,蝙蝠们会吃很多食物,它们储存着额外的脂肪.
They depend on.
他们依赖。
this fat to survive during the winter.
这个脂肪在冬天生存。
Some bats migrate to warmer areas during the winter.
一些蝙蝠在冬季会迁徙到更温暖的地区.
Red bats fly all the way from Canada to Mexico rather than spend the winter in the cold.
红蝙蝠从加拿大一直飞到墨西哥,而不是在寒冷中度过冬天.
There is even a bat.
甚至还有蝙蝠
in Europe that flies over 1,600 kilometers (1,000 mi) to spend the summer in Russia.
在1600多公里(1000米)的欧洲,
Don’t expect to see bats migrating,since they fly at night Female bats give birth to one or two babies every year.
女性蝙蝠每年生一两个婴儿。
They are the only flying animals that nurse their young on milk.
它们是唯一用牛奶喂幼崽的飞行动物。
After a baby bat is born,it crawls up to its mother’s chest and clings there.
在婴儿蝙蝠出生后,它会爬到母亲的胸前并粘住。
with its claws.
与它的爪子。
It feeds off its mother’s milk and even clings.
它从母乳中取出,甚至粘着。
to the mother’s fur when she goes hunting.
当母亲去打猎时,
But baby bats don’t hang around for long.
但婴儿蝙蝠不会在这里呆很久。
Many are able to fly and catch their own meals only three weeks after birth Do You Know?!
许多人在出生三周后就能飞去吃自己的饭,
s hi T y T r Building a Bat House
嗨,Ty Tr 建造一个蝙蝠之家