From Space
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Introduction The world right around you has hills, trees, homes, and buildings.
导言 你周围的世界有山丘、树木、家园和建筑物。
Standing on the sidewalk, you can only see what is happening on your street.
站在人行道上,你只能看到你的街道上发生了什么。
That is your normal view.
这是你正常的看法。
Imagine looking down at your town, or Earth, from space.
想象一下从太空俯瞰你的小镇 或者地球
You would have a much wider view.
你会有一个更广阔的视野。
From space, you could see and photograph your entire country!
从太空中,你可以看到 和拍摄你的整个国家!
Scientists who study the geography of Earth’s surface use cameras on satellites in orbit.
研究地表地理学的科学家在轨道上的卫星上使用相机.
The International Space Station is one satellite that has cameras.
国际空间站是一颗拥有相机的卫星.
The Space Station’s orbit is nearly 400 km (250 mi) above Earth.
空间站的轨道位于地球上方近400公里(250米).
Images made by orbiting cameras track changes that happen to Earth over time.
由轨道相机所制作的图像 跟踪随时间推移在地球发生的变化
They see “the big picture.”
他们看到“大局。 “
These images record pollution damage, climate changes, and changes to land surfaces.
这些图像记录了污染损害、气候变化和地表变化。
They also show us the effects of too many people living in an area.
它们也向我们展示了生活在一个地区的人太多的影响。
Satellite view Aerial view Ground view On land, or from an airplane, we can see elephants grazing in Botswana’s Okavango Delta.
地面观测 在博茨瓦纳奥卡万戈三角洲,
From a satellite, scientists can monitor the entire Delta environment.
科学家可以从卫星上监测整个三角洲环境.
Satellite images helped emergency agencies following the earthquake and tsunami that struck Japan in March 2011.
2011年3月日本发生地震和海啸后,卫星图像帮助了应急机构。
Weather Satellites Watch Storms Large storms, such as hurricanes, can cause great damage and loss of life.
气象卫星观测风暴 飓风等大型风暴会造成巨大破坏和生命损失.
Not all areas have storm warning systems to let people know a dangerous storm is coming—in time for them to escape the storm’s path.
并非所有地区都有暴风雨警报系统, 让人们知道一场危险的风暴即将到来,
Images from orbiting satellites help scientists predict where a storm will go.
轨道卫星的图像有助于科学家预测风暴会到哪里去。
Keeping Watch on Pollution Images from space can show where air or water is being polluted.
保持对污染的监视 来自空间的图像可以显示空气或水被污染的地方。
For example, they can show where oil from an oil spill is spreading.
例如,它们可以显示石油外溢的石油正在扩散的地方。
This information can help people who live nearby.
这种信息可以帮助住在附近的人.
It can also help with cleanup efforts.
也可以帮助清理工作。
Images can record how long it takes for the environment to recover.
图像可以记录环境恢复需要多长时间.
In 2004, an orbiting satellite saw a tropical cyclone forming off Brazil.
2004年,有一颗轨道卫星在巴西外形成热带气旋.
As cyclones don’t normally form here, there were no storm warning systems for that area.
因为气旋通常不会在这里形成,
Brazilian officials used the satellite images as a guide for evacuation.
巴西官员利用卫星图像作为疏散指南。
Storm damage was severe, but only three lives were lost.
风暴破坏严重,但只有3人丧生.
In 2011, two satellites recorded the path of a large oil slick spreading along the Louisiana coast.
2011年,有两颗卫星记录了路易斯安那州海岸上浮出一出大型浮油。
Air pollution can affect the health of large groups of people.
空气污染会影响一大批人的健康。
Satellite images can show where the dirty air starts, and where it goes.
卫星图像可以显示脏气从何而起,去何而去.
For example, overcrowded cities in China have some of the world’s dirtiest air.
例如,中国人满为患的城市拥有一些世界上最肮脏的空气。
There are many causes, including the burning of coal for power.
原因很多,包括燃煤取电.
Images show the coal pollution drifting to other countries.
图片显示煤炭污染漂移到其他国家.
Watching Changes to the Land Images from space show changes to land areas.
从空间观察土地图像的变化显示土地区域的变化。
For example, they show deforestation, or the loss of forests.
例如,它们显示出森林砍伐或森林丧失。
They also show erosion, the wearing away of land by wind or water.
它们也表现出侵蚀,被风或水夺走了土地。
Wind currents can carry dirty air (purple areas) for thousands of miles Systematic cutting down of rain forests in Brazil and other areas is a major environmental concern.
风力气流可以携带上千英里的脏空气(纯净地段),系统地砍伐巴西和其他地区的雨林,是一个主要的环境问题.
Rain forests help to clear carbon dioxide from our air.
雨林有助于清除空气中的二氧化碳。
Deforestation is a world problem.
砍伐森林是一个世界问题。
Trees help keep our air clean and are home to wildlife.
树木帮助我们保持空气清洁,是野生动物的家园。
Photos from space show large forest areas that have been cut down or burned.
空间照片显示大片被砍伐或被烧毁的林地.
Deforestation is also a cause of land erosion.
砍伐森林也是土地被侵蚀的原因。
That is because tree roots help to hold soil in place.
这是因为树根有助于土壤的形成。
Serious erosion has happened in Madagascar, an island nation near Africa.
马达加斯加是一个靠近非洲的岛屿国家,现已发生严重的侵蚀。
Entire forests have been cut down for fuel and new farmland.
整个森林被砍伐为燃料和新农田。
Photos show large amounts of soil being washed away and lost.
照片显示大量土壤被冲走并丢失.
Watching Climate Change Effects Scientists say our use of fossil fuels creates most of the changes in Earth’s climate.
我们使用化石燃料造成地球气候的大部分变化。
When we burn oil, coal, and natural gas we create harmful gas in the air.
当我们燃烧石油、煤和天然气时,我们在空气中产生有害气体。
This type of gas traps more heat than usual above Earth.
此类气体陷阱比平时在地上加热.
Images from space show us the effects of Earth becoming warmer.
来自太空的图像向我们展示了地球变暖的影响.
For example, they show where ice is melting or breaking apart.
例如,它们显示冰在融化或分解的地方.
Erosion can be caused by deforestation.
侵蚀可能由毁林所造成.
Satellite images show rivers and bays that should be blue water are clogged with red dirt.
卫星图像显示,应当为蓝水的河流和海湾被红土堵塞。
Without the forests, the land washes away into the water.
没有森林,土地就冲入水中。
A warmer climate can cause icy glaciers to melt or break apart much faster than usual.
气候变暖会使冰河融化或分解速度快得多。
Melting ice can raise water levels and change human and animal habitats.
融冰可以提高水位并改变人类和动物栖息地.
Another result of Earth becoming warmer is the spread of deserts and other dry lands.
地球变暖的另一个结果是沙漠和其他干地的蔓延.
Satellite images show where land is too dry to grow food or feed farm animals.
卫星图像显示,土地太干燥,无法种植食物或喂养农场动物。
Conclusion For most of history, people could see and understand just a small part of the world.
结论 在大部分历史中,人们只能看到和理解世界的一小部分。
They viewed everything at eye level.
他们从眼界观察一切
Even a person who traveled, or a scientist, could only see what was right in front of him or her.
即使是旅行的人,或者科学家,也只能看到眼前的正事.
A warmer climate and lack of water dries out the soil so farmland is lost.
气候变暖,缺水使土壤干涸,农田丧失。
Satellites monitor huge dust and sand storms that carry away the dry soil.
卫星监视着巨大的尘沙暴 将干燥的土壤带走
Thinking Critically What types of laws do you feel would help to control human-caused pollution and loss of natural resources?
关键思考 你认为何种法律有助于控制人类造成的污染和自然资源损失?
Today, with cameras orbiting in space, we can easily watch and track large areas of Earth.
今天,随着相机在太空轨道上运行,我们可以很容易地观察和跟踪地球的大片地区.
These images of Earth can tell us about its changing condition.
这些地球的图像可以告诉我们它不断变化的状况.
They help us understand how changes happening far away might affect us.
它们帮助我们理解,遥远的变化会如何影响我们。
What we do with that knowledge may decide the future health of our planet.
我们如何利用这种知识来决定我们星球的未来健康。
Glossary climate (n.)
词汇气候(n.)
the weather conditions in an area over a long period of time (p 6) deforestation the clearing away of trees (n.)
(p6) 清除树木(n.
and other vegetation in an area (p 10) geography the natural features of (n.)
(p 10) 地理上的自然特征(n.)
Earth’s surface; the study of those features (p 5) orbit (n.)
地表;这些地貌的研究(p5)轨道(n.)
the path taken by one object in space circling around another larger object (p 5) pollution (n.)
一个物体在空间环绕另一个较大物体所走的道路(p5) 污染(n.)
the act or result of putting harmful substances into the air, water, or soil (p 6) satellites (n.)
将有害物质放入空气、水或土壤的行为或结果(第6页)
a natural or human-made object that orbits Earth or another object in space (p 5) Satellite images of erupting volcanoes can provide an early warning to leave an area.
环绕地球轨道的自然或人造物体或空间中的其他物体(p. 5) 火山喷发的卫星图像可为离开某一区域提供预警。
They can monitor lava flows and trace the path of volcanic ash.
它们可以监测熔岩流并追踪火山灰的路径.