At Work
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents Introduction.
导言表。
4 Rules for a New Nation.
4"新民族通则".
5 The Cabinet.
5 内阁。
7 A Growing Country.
7 A 增长之乡.
9 Conclusion.
9 结论。
15 Glossary.
15 词汇。
16 Introduction When the United States first became a country, it was home to more than two million people.
导言 美国刚成为一个国家时,就有了200多万人。
The men who founded the United States knew that running the country was too big a job for just one person.
建立美国的人知道,管理国家是一个大工作,对一个人来说太过重要了。
They came up with a way to let experts help the president run the country.
他们想出了让专家帮助总统管理国家的方法.
The founding fathers write the Declaration of Independence.
开国元勋撰写"独立宣言".
The Three Branches of Government Rules for a New Nation In 1788, American leaders approved the Constitution of the United States.
1788年美国领导人批准了"美国宪法",即"新国家政府规则"的三个分支.
The Constitution is a set of laws that tell how the country should be run.
《宪法》是一套说明国家如何运作的法律。
It breaks the government into three branches, or parts.
它把政府分为三个分支,或部分.
The legislative branch makes the laws.
立法部门制定法律。
The judicial branch makes sure the laws are fair.
司法部门确保法律公平。
Supreme Court Other Federal Courts JUDICIAL BRANCH (decides how laws can and should be used) The Senate The House of Representatives LEGISLATIVE BRANCH (makes laws) EXECUTIVE BRANCH (carries out laws) The President The Vice President The Cabinet The president has his or her own branch.
最高法院 其他联邦法院(关于如何使用和应当使用法律的决定) 众议院(制定法律) 总统 副总统 内阁 总统有自己的分支.
It is called the executive branch.
它被称为行政部门。
His or her job is to follow the laws and run the country.
他/她的工作是遵守法律,管理国家。
Leaders set up a plan so the president could choose helpers to make the job easier.
领导人制定了计划,使总统能够选择帮助者,使工作更容易进行.
The president may pick cabinet members, but this is not required by the Constitution.
总统可以挑选出内阁成员,但宪法并未要求这样做.
The Cabinet This plan was approved in 1788.
内阁 这一计划于1788年被批准.
The president could choose four people to help him.
总统可以选择四个人来帮助他.
These helpers would make up the cabinet.
这些帮手将组成内阁。
One would look after spending.
一个人会照顾支出。
One would deal with other countries.
一个是与其他国家打交道。
Another helper would make sure American states and American people followed the federal law.
另一位助手将确保美国各州和美国人民遵守联邦法律.
Still another would be in charge of the military.
还有一个是负责军队的
George Washington (president) with the first cabinet, from left to right: Henry Knox (War), Alexander Hamilton (Treasury), Thomas Jefferson (State), and Edmund Randolph (Attorney General) George Washington was the first president.
乔治·华盛顿(英语:George Washington (president)),第一任内阁从左到右分别是:亨利·诺克斯(英语:Henry Knox (War)),亚历山大·汉密尔顿(英语:Alexander Hamilton (Treasury)),托马斯·杰斐逊(英语:Thomas Jefferson (State)),埃德蒙·兰多夫(英语:Edmund Randolph (Attorney General),乔治·华盛顿是第一任总统.
He chose four helpers he thought would do a good job, but two of those people did not get along.
他选择了四个他觉得会做一个好工作的助手,但其中两人没有相处.
Washington knew that he had to choose more carefully.
华盛顿知道,他必须更仔细的选择.
The cabinet had to work together and follow his directions.
内阁不得不合作并遵循他的指示.
George Washington Thomas Jefferson (left) and Alexander Hamilton (right) were both members of George Washington’s first cabinet.
乔治·华盛顿·托马斯·杰斐逊(左)和亚历山大·汉密尔顿(右)都是乔治·华盛顿的第一个内阁成员.
They did not agree on many issues.
他们在许多问题上没有达成一致。
A Growing Country The country has grown since the days of George Washington’s cabinet.
一个正在成长的国家 从乔治·华盛顿内阁时代起,这个国家就逐渐壮大.
Today’s presidents need even more help.
今天的总统需要更多的帮助。
The number of cabinet departments has grown larger, too.
内阁部门的数目也增加了。
Each department has even more people who do special jobs.
每个部门都有更多的人从事特殊工作.
The Department of State—These helpers deal with other countries.
国务院 这些帮手与其他国家打交道.
They have offices in more than 190 countries around the world.
它们在全世界190多个国家设有办事处。
The State Department is in the Harry S.
国务院在"哈利S".
Truman Federal Building.
杜鲁门联邦大厦.
The Department of Defense—These helpers look after the U.
国防部 这些帮手照顾U.
S.
师曰.
A r my, Navy, Marines, and Air Force.
我的海军 海军陆战队 空军
They work to protect the country.
他们努力保护国家。
The Department of Defense is in the Pentagon building.
国防部在五角大楼
The Department of the Treasury— These are the helpers in charge of money.
财政部 这些是负责钱的帮手.
They print new paper money.
他们打印出新的纸币。
They make coins.
他们制造硬币。
They also check on the country’s banks.
也检查国内的银行。
The Treasury Department may produce as much as $560 million worth of paper money every day.
财政部每天可能生产价值高达5.6亿美元的纸币.
Gold is stored at Fort Knox in Kentucky.
黄金存放于肯塔基州诺克斯堡.
Fort Knox is part of the Treasury Department.
诺克斯堡是财政部的一部分.
Treasury Department Fort Knox The Department of Justice—The helpers who work here make sure everyone follows federal law.
财政部 诺克斯堡 司法部 在这里工作的帮手要确保每个人都遵守联邦法律.
The Department of Justice has more than 114,000 workers.
司法部有114,000多名工人。
The Department of the Interior— Helpers in this department look after national parks and handle important natural resources.
内政部——本部门的助手——负责国家公园和处理重要的自然资源。
Do You Know?
你知道吗?
Today Long before there was Google Maps, there was the Department of the Interior.
早在有Google地图之前的今天,就有了内政部.
Since 1849, the department has mapped the country’s lands.
自1849年起,该部绘制了国家土地地图。
The Coast Guard The Department of Homeland Security—These helpers work to keep American borders and people safe.
海岸警卫队 国土安全部 这些帮手努力保护美国边境和人民的安全.
There are many other departments, too, and each one has a special job.
其他部门也很多,每个部门都有特殊的工作.
The president tells these departments what to do.
总统告诉这些部门该怎么做。
They share their information with the president.
他们与总统分享他们的信息。
The Coast Guard, part of the Department of Homeland Security, patrols the oceans and seas.
海岸警卫队,国土安全部的一部分,在海洋巡逻.
A U.
一个U.
S.
师曰.
Coast Guard boat patrols New York Harbor.
海岸警卫队巡逻纽约港
Presidential Succession Conclusion The first cabinet had only four helpers, but today there are many more.
总统继承结论 第一个内阁只有四个助手,但今天还有许多。
Although the number has changed, their job has not.
虽然数字已经改变,但他们的工作没有改变。
They continue to serve the president and the people of the United States.
他们继续为美国总统和人民服务.
The president’s cabinet helps the president run the country.
总统内阁协助总统管理国家。
It also sets the order for who becomes the leader if something happens to the president.
如果总统出事,
Who replaces the President if he or she is no longer able to serve?
如果总统不再能够任职,由谁来代替他?
* After President Pro Tempore of the Senate, next in line are department heads.
* 在参议院临时议长之后,下一位是部门主管。
They start with the Secretary of State, Treasury, Defense, and so on.
他们从国务大臣,国库大臣,国防大臣等开始.
President Pro Tempore of the Senate* Speaker of the House Vice President President Glossary approved (v.)
参议院临时议长* 众议院议长
officially agreed to (p.
正式同意(p.
5) Constitution (n.)
5) 宪法 (n.
States laws are based (p.
国家法律是依据(p.
5) departments (n.)
5) 省 (n.