Branch
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents Introduction.
导言表。
4 What Is the Executive Branch?
4 什么是行政部门?
5 What the Executive Branch Does.
页:1 行政部门做什么。
8 Conclusion.
8 结论。
15 Glossary.
15 词汇。
16 Introduction Every day for more than 225 years, an American president has been on the job.
导言 225多年以来,每天都有一位美国总统在工作.
Every day of every year, that job is important.
每年每天,这项工作都很重要。
The president is the most powerful person in the United States.
总统是美国最有权力的人.
The president is the executive branch at work.
总统是行政部门。
George Washington was the first president of the United States.
乔治·华盛顿是美国首任总统.
The Three Branches of Government The Senate The House of Representatives LEGISLATIVE BRANCH The President The Vice President The Cabinet EXECUTIVE BRANCH Supreme Court Other Federal Courts JUDICIAL BRANCH What Is the Executive Branch?
参议院 众议院 立法局 总统 副总统 内阁执行官 最高法院 其他联邦法院 什么是行政部门?
In 1788, American leaders set up a system of laws called the Constitution to help rule the young country.
1788年,美国领导人建立了一个名为"宪法"的法律体系来帮助统治年轻国家.
That system is still used today.
该系统今天仍在使用。
It splits the U.
它分裂出U.
S.
师曰.
government into three branches, or parts.
政府分为三个分支或部分。
The executive branch is led by the president.
行政部门由总统领导.
The legislative branch makes laws and is the voice of the American people.
立法部门制定法律,是美国人民的声音.
The judicial branch watches over the U.
司法部门监视着U。
S.
师曰.
justice system through its system of courts.
司法系统通过其法院系统。
Sometimes the branches work together.
有时分会相通.
At other times, they work against each other.
彼时相作相作相.
The U.
吴人.
S.
师曰.
system gives the president many powers.
制度赋予总统许多权力。
However, the president is not a king.
然而,总统不是国王.
People vote for him or her.
人们投票支持他或她。
Every four years, there is a new election.
每四年举行一次新的选举。
A person can be president two times, but no more than that.
一个人可以当两次总统,但不能超过那样.
President Franklin Delano Roosevelt served four terms, from 1933 to 1945.
富兰克林·德拉诺·罗斯福总统从1933年到1945年共出任四届.
After he died in 1945, the legislative branch changed the limit to two terms.
1945年他去世后,立法部门将限制改为两届.
The president must be thirty-five or older.
总统必须是35岁或以上。
He or she must have been born in the United States.
他或她一定是在美国出生的。
He or she must have also lived in the United States for fourteen years or more.
他或她也必须在美国居住了14年或以上。
President John F.
总统约翰·F.
Kennedy and his daughter, Caroline, have breakfast together in 1961.
肯尼迪和他的女儿卡罗琳于1961年一起吃早餐.
At age forty-three, he became the youngest U.
在43岁时,他成为了最年轻的U.
S.
师曰.
president.
总统
What the Executive Branch Does The president has many powers.
行政部门所做的 总统拥有许多权力.
For example, the president can send U.
例如,总统可以发送U.
S.
师曰.
troops anywhere in the world.
世界任何地方的军队。
The president also meets with other leaders to work on all sorts of problems.
总统还与其他领导人会面,就各种问题开展工作.
Some are leaders from other parts of the world.
有些是来自世界其他地区的领导人。
Some are U.
有些是U型的
S.
师曰.
leaders.
领导人。
Many are members of the president’s cabinet.
许多人是总统内阁成员。
President Jimmy Carter (right) walks and talks with the president of Egypt in 1978.
1978年,吉米·卡特总统(右派)与埃及总统散步并会谈.
The cabinet includes fifteen departments, and each department helps run the country.
内阁包括15个部门,每个部门帮助管理国家。
Take the Department of Energy.
夺取能源部.
It makes sure the whole country has enough power to keep moving, now and in the years to come.
它确保整个国家有足够的权力在现在和以后的岁月中继续前进。
The Department of Energy helps decide what sorts of energy Americans use.
能源部帮助决定美国人使用何种能源.
Oil pumps (top) produce oil for cars and heat.
油泵(上部)为汽车和热能生产出油.
Solar panels (bottom) turn the Sun’s energy into electricity.
太阳能电池板(底部)将太阳的能量转化为电力。
The cabinet also includes the vice president.
内阁中还包括副总统.
He or she is expected to take over if the president cannot continue.
如果总统不能继续,他或她将接任。
The vice president is elected at the same time as the president.
副总统与总统同时选举产生.
Other cabinet members are chosen by the president.
其他内阁成员由总统选定.
The president can also remove cabinet members at any time.
总统也可以随时罢免内阁成员.
Vice President Gerald Ford (left) replaces Richard Nixon as president in 1974.
副总统杰拉尔德·福特(左)于1974年接替理查德·尼克松出任总统.
The president also plays a part in making laws.
总统也参与法律的制定。
Those laws deal with many things.
这些法律涉及许多问题。
One law might be about how to run schools.
一种法律可能涉及如何办学。
A second law might be about saving animals or land.
第二部法律可能是为了拯救动物或土地。
A third law might be about rules that banks must follow.
第三项法律可能涉及银行必须遵守的规则。
No matter what the law is about, it starts as an idea.
不管法律是什么,它开始是一个想法。
Once the idea is written down, it’s called a bill.
一旦这个想法被写下来,
In 1972, President Richard Nixon signed a law to protect certain wild animals, such as the bald eagle.
1972年,理查德·尼克松总统签署了保护秃鹰等某些野生动物的法律.
So far, the law has saved more than two hundred kinds of animals.
至今法已救出二百多种畜生.
President Ronald Reagan picked Sandra Day O’Connor in 1981 to be the first woman on the Supreme Court.
罗纳德·里根总统在1981年挑选桑德拉·戴·奥康纳为最高法院第一位女性.
It is the highest court in the judicial branch.
它是司法部门的最高法院。
After the legislative branch passes a bill, the bill is sent to the president.
立法部门通过法案后,法案被送交总统.
If the president signs the bill, it becomes law.
如果总统签署法案,就成为法律.
The president may also veto a bill if he or she does not agree with it.
总统不同意的,也可以否决议案.
In this case, the bill does not become law unless two- thirds of the legislative branch votes for it.
在这种情况下,除非立法部门三分之二的赞成票,该法案才成为法律。
This rarely happens.
这很少发生。
The president plays a part in the judicial branch, too.
总统也在司法部门发挥作用。
That’s because the president picks judges.
因为总统会挑选法官。
Those judges, in turn, shape U.
这些评委反过来决定了U
S.
师曰.
law.
诸法相.
However, the legislative branch must approve those judges first.
然而,立法部门必须首先批准这些法官。
The executive branch does not make laws.
行政部门不制定法律。
However, sometimes the president can write orders, called executive actions, that tell the government what to do.
然而,有时总统可以写出命令,称为行政行动,告诉政府怎么做.
Executive actions can change Americans’ lives.
行政行动可以改变美国人的生活。
In 1863, President Abraham Lincoln wrote an order that freed many slaves.
1863年,亚伯拉罕·林肯总统写下命令,释放出许多奴隶.
The Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.
华盛顿林肯纪念馆.
C.
C组
, honors him.
敬礼他
Checks and Balances The legislative branch checks the judicial branch because it can remove judges from office.
检查和结余 立法部门检查司法部门,因为它可以解除法官的职务。
The judicial branch makes sure Congress’s laws follow the Constitution.
司法部门确保国会的法律遵循宪法。
Under the Constitution, each of the three branches of government can “check,” or stop, the other two.
根据《宪法》,政府的三个部门可以“检查”或停止其他两个部门。
This system of checks and balances is an important part of the Constitution.
这种制衡制度是宪法的重要组成部分.
It helps keep one branch from having too much power.
它能防止一个分支拥有太多的力量.
LEGISLATIVE BRANCH The executive branch checks the judicial branch by picking judges.
立法部门 行政部门通过挑选法官来检查司法部门。
The judicial branch also checks the executive branch.
司法部门还检查行政部门。
It makes sure the president’s orders follow the Constitution.
让总统的命令符合宪法。
EXECUTIVE BRANCH The legislative branch checks the executive branch.
执行理事会 立法部门检查行政部门。
It controls the budget and can remove a president from office.
它控制预算,可以解除总统的职务.
The executive branch can check the legislative branch.
行政部门可以检查立法部门.
It can veto a bill so it can’t become law.
政府可以否决法案,
With enough votes, Congress can vote down a veto.
如果有足够的选票,国会可以否决。
Conclusion The president and the cabinet make important choices every day.
结论 总统和内阁每天都作出重要选择。
Those choices affect every American.
这些选择影响到每一个美国人。
They are just one branch, though.
不过,它们只是一个分支。
It takes all three branches for the U.
它需要所有三个分支 对于U。
S.
师曰.
system to work.
系统工作。
After so many years, it still does.
这么多年后,它仍然如此。
President George W.
乔治·W.
Bush shakes hands with Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi in 2007.
2007年布什与南希·佩洛西众议院议长握手.
The Speaker is the most powerful member of the House of Representatives.
议长是众议院最有权力的议员.
Glossary approve (v.)
词汇表核准(五)
to officially agree to (p.
页:1
12) cabinet (n.)
12) 内阁 (n.
a group of advisers to a president or other leader of a country (p.
一国总统或其他领导人的顾问小组(p.
8) Constitution (n.)
8)宪法 (n.
United States laws are based (p.
美国法律的基础(p.
5) election (n.)
5) 选举(n.
the act of choosing a person for government office by voting (p.
以投票方式选择某人担任政府职务的行为(p.
6) executive (adj.)
(6) 行政部门(adj.)