Coral Reefs
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents Underwater Communities.
水下社区目录。
4 Kinds of Coral.
4种珊瑚.
5 A Busy Home.
5 一个忙碌的家。
7 Where Corals Live.
7 珊瑚活处.
8 Dangers to Coral Reefs.
8 珊瑚礁的危险。
11 Protecting Coral Reefs.
11 保护珊瑚礁。
14 Glossary.
14 词汇表。
16 Underwater Communities Coral reefs are huge ocean communities.
16 珊瑚礁是巨大的海洋社区。
Millions of animals and sea plants live in them.
数百万动物和海生植物生活在其中。
Coral reefs are very busy places.
珊瑚礁是非常繁忙的地方。
Many kinds of coral make up reefs.
许多种类的珊瑚组成了珊瑚礁.
Corals aren’t rocks or plants.
珊瑚不是岩石或植物。
They are tiny animals called polyps (PAH-lips).
它们是被称作多肽(PAH-lips)的细小动物.
Most polyps are smaller than a pea.
多数多肽比豌豆还小.
Many kinds of corals, fish, and other sea creatures live on coral reefs.
许多种类的珊瑚,鱼类等海洋生物都生活在珊瑚礁上.
Kinds of Coral There are two kinds of coral.
珊瑚种类 珊瑚有两种.
The first kind is hard corals.
第一种是硬珊瑚.
These corals have hard skeletons.
这些珊瑚有硬骨架.
Over time, thousands of polyp skeletons help build a reef.
数以千计的多肽骨架 帮助建造出一个珊瑚礁
Algae (AL-jee) live in the bodies of these corals.
藻类(AL-jee)生活在这些珊瑚的体内.
Algae are simple cousins of plants.
藻类是植物的简单堂兄弟.
The algae are food for the corals.
藻为珊瑚所食.
Coral polyps attach to what’s beneath them and stay there forever.
珊瑚多肽附着在它们下面的东西上,
Soft corals are the second kind of coral.
软珊瑚是第二种珊瑚.
They often look like trees or other plants.
它们往往看起来像是树木或其他植物.
These corals can bend with the water currents.
这些珊瑚可以随水流而弯曲.
Algae live in the bodies of some of them.
藻类活在其中一部分人的身体中.
Many corals are named for what they look like.
许多珊瑚因其外观而得名.
Brain corals look like brains.
脑珊瑚看起来像大脑。
Sea fans look like open fans.
出海粉丝外观为开放式粉丝.
Sea pens look like old-fashioned pens made from big feathers.
海笔外观为出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出自出
The shape of sea fans helps them catch tiny bits of food.
海扇的外形能帮助他们捕取到一点点的食物.
A Busy Home Thousands of fish of all sizes, shapes, and colors live on reefs.
一个忙碌的家 成千上万的大小,形状,颜色的鱼都生活在珊瑚礁上.
They depend on the reef for food and safety.
它们依靠珊瑚礁来维持食物和安全。
Shrimp, lobsters, crabs, and sea stars feed on reefs.
虾,龙虾,蟹等海星以礁为食.
The holes in reefs are good places for animals to hide.
珊瑚礁中的洞是动物藏身的好地方.
Golden butterflyfish and a school of red bigeye fish swim past soft corals in Egypt’s Red Sea.
金蝴蝶和一所红色大眼鱼学校在埃及红海游过软珊瑚.
Where Corals Live Most coral reefs are close to shore in warm parts of the world.
珊瑚的栖息地 大多数珊瑚礁在世界温暖地区接近岸上.
Corals need certain things to stay healthy.
珊瑚需要某些东西才能保持健康
They need algae for food.
他们需要藻类作为食物.
They must be near the water’s surface so the algae can get enough sunlight.
一定在水面附近,
Also, both corals and algae need water that is not too warm or cold.
另外,珊瑚和藻类都需要水,不会太热或太冷.
There are three kinds of coral reefs.
珊瑚礁有三种类型.
Fringing reefs are close to the shore.
螺旋礁靠近岸边.
Most coral reefs are found near the equator.
大多数珊瑚礁都位于赤道附近.
Barrier reefs have a large, deep area of water between the reef and the shore.
屏障礁在礁石和岸边之间有大而深的水区.
Wowser!
哗!
The Great Barrier Reef is about half the size of Texas.
大障碍 礁岛面积约为德克萨斯州的一半.
This fringing reef is in the Caribbean Sea.
这条皱纹礁位于加勒比海.
Fringing reefs are also common in Hawaii.
鳍礁也常见于夏威夷.
Australia’s Great Barrier Reef is between six and eight thousand years old.
澳大利亚的大障碍 珊瑚礁有六到八千年的历史
Atolls, the third type of reef, are shaped like circles.
环礁是第三类礁石,形状类似圆形.
They form around the edges of a slowly sinking island.
它们围绕一个缓慢下沉的岛屿的边缘形成.
After the island sinks, a small body of water called a lagoon forms in the center.
岛下沉后,中心有一小块叫"泻湖"的水体形成.
These atolls are in the Indian Ocean.
这些环礁位于印度洋.
Dangers to Coral Reefs Coral reefs are very fragile.
珊瑚礁面临的危险 珊瑚礁非常脆弱。
Many things can harm them.
很多事情会伤害他们
People are the biggest cause of harm.
人民是造成伤害的最大原因。
People burn huge amounts of coal, oil, and gas to power cars and factories and to heat and cool buildings.
人们将大量的煤炭,石油,天然气烧为汽车和工厂的动力,并给建筑物取暖和冷却.
Burning coal, oil, and gas is making Earth’s air and water warmer.
燃煤、石油和天然气使地球空气和水暖化。
Warmer ocean water causes many problems for coral reefs.
温暖的海水给珊瑚礁带来了许多问题.
Burning coal puts harmful gases into the air.
燃煤会把有害气体放入空气中.
The gases make Earth’s air and water warmer.
气体使地球的空气和水变暖.
Corals are getting sick.
珊瑚会生病
Coral diseases can destroy a big reef in just weeks.
珊瑚病可以在短短几周内摧毁一个大礁.
Warmer water is also causing corals to lose their algae.
暖水也使珊瑚失去藻类.
Without algae, corals have no food.
没有藻类,珊瑚就没有食物.
They also lose their color and turn white.
它们也失去颜色而变成白色.
Three-fourths of all coral reefs have this problem.
四分之三的珊瑚礁都有这个问题。
Ocean water that is too warm is causing coral reefs to die.
海水过于温暖,导致珊瑚礁死亡。
Other things harm coral reefs, too.
其他东西也会伤害珊瑚礁
Some people use poisons and explosives when they fish.
有些人在捕鱼时会使用毒药和炸药.
Boats can break off large pieces of reefs.
船能分出大片礁石.
Dirt and trash can smother them.
泥土和垃圾会让他们窒息
Boats can also leak gas and oil.
船只也可以漏出天然气和石油.
Gas and oil hurt coral, plants, and fish.
石油和天然气会伤害珊瑚、植物和鱼类。
People in a boat broke this elkhorn coral.
船上的人打破了这只麋鹿角珊瑚。
Protecting Coral Reefs Coral reefs are beautiful.
保护珊瑚礁 珊瑚礁是美丽的。
They are also important for many reasons.
出于许多原因,它们也很重要。
Reefs help protect coasts from storms and floods.
珊瑚礁有助于保护海岸免受风暴和洪水的影响。
They provide food for many kinds of fish that people eat.
它们为人们所吃的许多种类的鱼提供食物.
Some reef plants and animals are used for medicines.
一些礁石植物和动物被用做药物.
Many countries try to protect their reefs.
许多国家试图保护其珊瑚礁。
They have written laws and rules to keep reefs safe.
他们制定了法律和规则来保护珊瑚礁的安全。
But people do not always follow those laws and rules.
但人们并不总是遵守这些法律和规则。
Each year, volunteer divers help clean reefs.
每年,志愿潜水员帮助清理珊瑚礁.
Half of the world’s reefs have been destroyed.
世界上有一半的珊瑚礁被摧毁。
Most of the others are in trouble.
其人多为所难.
Scientists are working to help coral reefs.
科学家正在努力帮助珊瑚礁。
Each of us can help, too, even if we don’t live near an ocean.
我们每个人都可以帮忙,
Never throw things in the water.
别把东西扔入水里
Learn about what people do that makes ocean water too warm.
了解人们做了什么 让海水过于温暖。
We can all help protect coral reefs.
我们都能帮助保护珊瑚礁。
Then all the living things on coral reefs will continue to have homes and food.
然后珊瑚礁上的所有活物将继续有家园和食物.
Coral Nurseries Scientists can grow pieces of healthy coral in nurseries.
珊瑚护士 科学家可以在苗圃中生长出一些健康的珊瑚.
The pieces may be rescued from boat-related damage or coastal building projects.
棋子可被从与船只有关的损坏或沿海建筑项目中取出.
Scientists hang the pieces from bars, place them in baskets, or attach them to stands on the ocean floor.
科学家们将棋子从栏杆上挂起,放入篮子,或者将棋子附着到洋底站起.
They later move the pieces to damaged reefs to help fix them.
他们后来将碎片移动到被破坏的珊瑚礁来帮助修复.
Glossary algae (n.)
名词藻 (n.)
simple cousins of plants that grow in water and make their own food (p.
植物在水中生长并自制食物的简单堂兄弟(p.
5) coral reefs (n.)
5) 珊瑚礁 (n.
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