the Bicycle
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents Introduction.
导言表。
4 Early Bicycles.
4"早期自行车".
5 The Ordinary.
5 寻常.
8 The Safety Bicycle.
8 安全自行车。
10 The Future of Bikes.
10"自行车的未来".
13 Glossary.
13 词汇。
16 Introduction People started building bicycles in the 1800s.
16 导言 1800年代人们开始建造自行车.
Since then, bicycles have grown more and more popular.
此后,自行车越来越受欢迎.
Today, more than one billion people around the world ride bicycles.
今天,全世界有十多亿人骑自行车。
The design of bicycles has changed over time.
自行车的设计随时间而变化.
However, one thing stays the same: two wheels and a lot of fun!
然而,有一件事保持不变:两个轮子和很多乐趣!
Riding bikes is a popular way of getting around in many countries.
骑自行车是许多国家流行的一种走来走去的方式.
Early Bicycles Karl Drais built the first bicycle in 1817.
早期自行车 卡尔·德赖斯于1817年建造了第一辆自行车.
He called his invention the running machine.
他称他的发明是运行机器.
The frame and wheels of this early bike were made of wood.
这台早期机车的车架和车轮由木制而成.
It had no pedals.
它没有踏板。
Instead, the rider pushed the machine along with his or her feet.
相反,骑手将机器与脚一并推.
In the years following, inventors made many changes to the bicycle.
在随后的几年中,发明家们对自行车做了许多修改.
Around 1840, the first pedals were added to the bike.
1840年左右,第一批踏板被添加到自行车上.
The pedals turned the rear wheel with cranks attached to long rods.
踏板将后轮转动,曲柄被接入了长杆上.
Pedals allowed the rider’s feet to remain off the ground as he or she rode.
Pedals允许骑行者的脚在骑行时被留在地上.
In the 1800s, people took classes to learn to ride the Hobbyhorse, which was also called a running machine.
1800年代,人们上课去学习骑乘"霍比霍斯"(Hobbyhorse)也叫跑道机.
This modern-day version of an early wooden bicycle shows how the first bike pedals may have worked.
这个现代版本的早期木制自行车展示了最早的自行车踏板是如何工作的.
During the 1860s, two French inventors made pedals that turned the front wheel of the bicycle.
1860年代,两位法国发明家用踏板将自行车的前轮转向.
Their new bike had a heavy iron frame and tires made of iron or wood.
他们的新自行车有一个重铁框架和由铁或木制成的轮胎.
The Ordinary Built in 1871, the ordinary had a tall wheel in front and a small wheel in back.
1871年的"普通通车","普通通车"前有高架轮子,后有小型轮子.
The rider sat on a seat above the high front wheel.
骑手坐在高前轮上方的座位上.
The heavy iron frame and wheels of this bike made the ride so bumpy that it was called the boneshaker.
这台机车的重铁相框和轮子使车身起伏起伏,被称作"摇骨".
The ordinary bicycle was also called the penny-farthing.
普通自行车也叫"一分钱".
The penny and the farthing were two British coins of different sizes.
硬币和远物是两枚不同尺寸的英国硬币.
The ordinary moved faster than earlier bikes because of its large wheel.
普通车因为轮子大而移动快于早期的机车.
The big wheel also caused problems.
大轮也造成了问题.
It was hard to ride up a hill.
骑起山来很难
It was also hard to get on and off the high seat.
上下高座也很难
Riders often fell forward onto their heads when they tried to slow or stop the bike.
骑手在试图减速或阻止自行车时,经常会倒在头上.
All these problems made the ordinary dangerous for the rider.
所有这些问题都使得骑手的普通危险.
The Safety Bicycle John Starley changed the bicycle in 1885 with the Rover safety bicycle.
安全自行车约翰 斯塔利于1885年用"漫游者"安全自行车更换了自行车.
This bike looked similar to the bicycles of today.
这辆自行车看起来与今天的自行车类似.
Most safety bicycles moved on two wheels of about the same size.
大部分安全自行车都移动在两个轮子上,尺寸大致相同.
A low seat between the wheels made the bike safer and easier to ride.
车轮之间的低座让自行车更安全,也更容易骑行.
The first safety bicycles had solid rubber tires.
首批安全自行车有固体橡胶轮胎.
Later, air-filled rubber tires were added to the design.
后来,在设计中又增加了填充空气的橡胶轮胎.
They made for a much less bumpy ride!
他们搭的马车要小得多
Getting off an ordinary bicycle was challenging.
下一辆普通自行车很困难
A rider had to leap off the high seat without falling to the ground.
一名骑手不得不从高座上跳出而未倒地.
The safety bicycle’s design allowed the wheels to be the same size.
安全自行车的设计使得车轮尺寸相同.
Combined with rubber tires, this made riding easier, safer, and more comfortable.
再加上橡胶轮胎,这让骑行更加容易,更安全,更舒适.
The safety bicycle used a gear and chain system.
安全自行车采用了齿轮和链式系统.
A chain connected gears on the back wheel to another gear attached to the pedals.
后轮上一条连锁相接齿轮接上另一根接上踏板的齿轮.
Riders pushed the pedals to turn the back wheel and move the bike.
骑手将踏板推倒后轮并移动自行车.
Different- sized gears made it easier to pedal uphill, downhill, or on flat roads.
不同大小的齿轮使得可以更方便地踏上上山,下山或平地上的道路.
Safety bicycles were less dangerous and more comfortable than earlier bikes.
与早期的自行车相比,安全自行车的危险性更低,更舒适.
Because of this, more and more people began riding bicycles.
由于这个原因,越来越多的人开始骑自行车.
The Golden Age of the Bicycle In 1885, hundreds of bicycle factories existed in the United States.
自行车的黄金时代 在1885年,美国有上百家自行车厂.
By 1900, over ten million people in the country owned bikes.
到1900年,全国有1000多万人拥有自行车.
These years became known as the Golden Age of the Bicycle.
这些年被称作"自行车黄金时代".
The Golden Age ended in the early 1900s, when factories started to produce inexpensive automobiles.
黄金 时代于1900年代初结束,当时工厂开始生产廉价汽车.
The system of connecting two gears, or sprockets, with a chain required less energy from the rider.
连接两个齿轮的系统,或作相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接
The Future of Bikes Today’s bikes have the same basic form as the safety bicycle.
如今的"自行车的未来"与"安全自行车"基本形式相同.
However, over the years, the design has changed many times.
然而,多年来,设计多次有变.
New materials make bikes stronger, faster, and lighter than before.
新材料使得机车比以前更强大,更快,更轻.
The Copenhagen Wheel can replace the back wheel of most bikes.
哥本哈根会议 轮能取代大多数机车的后轮.
A motor inside it provides extra power so riders can travel for long distances or up hills.
它内部的马达提供了额外的动力,使骑行者可以远行或上山.
The Bicycle: A Time Line running machine 1810s ordinary bicycle 1870s safety bicycle 1880s racing bicycle 1890s longrider (over-seat steering) 1900s shortrider (rear-wheel drive) 1930s velomobile 1930s mountain bike 1970s shortrider (front-wheel drive) 1970s lowracer 1990s longrider (under-seat steering) 1970s Bicycles on which the rider sits in a reclining position are called recumbent.
自行车:一款时光线运行机器 1810s 普通自行车 1870s 安全自行车 1880s 赛跑自行车 1890s 长跑车(过座方向盘) 1900s 短跑车(后轮驱动) 1930s elomobile 1930s 山地自行车 1970s 短跑车(前轮驱动) 1970s 低跑车 1990s (后轮驱动) 长跑车(后轮驱动) 1970s 自行车,骑手所坐靠后坐姿的自行车称为回放.
These bicycles began appearing in the early 1900s.
这些自行车从1900年代初开始出现.
Recumbent bicycles are becoming popular with cyclists today for both their comfort and speed.
复出自行车因其舒适和速度而逐渐被骑自行车的人所欢迎.
Every year, people invent new ideas for bicycles.
每年,人们都会为自行车发明出新的想法.
One inventor has designed a bike to ride over both land and water.
一位发明家设计了一辆自行车,可以骑上地上和水上.
Another has plans to make a bike from old plastic.
另一个计划用旧塑料制造自行车.
Still another hopes to build one out of cardboard.
还有一个希望是用纸板打造一个
The design of bikes will continue to change in interesting ways.
自行车的设计将继续以有趣的方式变化.
Who knows what bikes of the future will look like?
谁知道未来的自行车会是什么样子?
Glossary bicycles two-wheeled vehicles that (n.)
词汇单车为(n.)的双轮车.
people ride by pushing pedals with their feet; bikes (p.
人们用脚推踏板来骑; 自行车 (p.
4) design (n.)
4)设计 (n.
a plan that shows how to build, make, or assemble something (p.
说明如何建造、制造或组装某种物的计划(p.
4) frame (n.)
4) 帧 (n.
a structure that gives strength and shape to an object (p.
使物体具有强度和形状的结构(p.
5) gear (n.)
5)齿轮 (n.
a toothed wheel that is part of a machine (p.
齿轮是机器的一部分(p.
11) invention a new device or process (n.)
11) 发明新装置或工艺(n.
(p.
页:1
5) iron (n.)
5) 铁 (n.
a strong, hard, silver-gray metal (p.
坚固而硬的银灰色金属(p.
7) materials objects that are used to (n.)
7) 用于(n.)的材料物体。
make things (p.
制造事物(p.
13) pedals (n.)
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parts of a bicycle that are pushed by one’s feet to make the bike move forward (p.
自行车的部位,用脚来推动自行车前进(p.
5) rods (n.)
5) 棒(n.
thin, straight, smooth poles or bars, especially those made of metal (p.
薄,直,平滑的柱子或栏杆,尤其是由金属制成的栏杆(p.
6) The Swiss Army Bike has an electric motor that charges by plugging it into a wall socket.
6) 瑞士陆军自行车拥有一台电动机,通过将电动机插入墙上插座来充电.
The bike also folds up.
自行车也叠起.