Plant Defenses
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents Introduction.
导言表。
4 Thorns, Prickles, and Spines.
4索恩斯,普丽克丝,和斯宾斯。
5 Stinging Plants.
5 丁香花(原变种).
9 Poison Plants.
9 毒植物.
11 Hidden Plants.
11个隐藏植物。
12 Other Defenses.
12个其他防御部队。
13 Conclusion.
13 结论。
15 Glossary.
15 词汇。
16 Introduction Animals have many ways to defend themselves and stay safe.
16 入门动物有多种方法可以自卫并保持安全.
Some have sharp claws, teeth, or horns.
有的有锋利的爪子,牙齿,或角.
Others change color or hide in a shell.
其他则会改变颜色或隐藏在外壳中.
Some animals simply run away from danger.
有些动物只是逃离危险
Plants can’t bite, fight, or run away.
植物不能咬人、打架或逃跑。
However, they have many other ways to protect themselves.
然而,他们有许多其他保护自己的方式。
This Sumatran tiger has sharp claws and teeth to defend itself.
这种苏门答腊虎有锋利的爪子和牙齿来自卫.
Thorns, Prickles, and Spines Some plants grow thorns on their branches.
有的植物在树枝上会长出刺来
Animals that try to eat those plants can get cut or scratched.
试图吃这些植物的动物可以被切或刮.
Some trees have long thorns that keep animals away.
有的树木有长棘能使动物远离.
Roses and some other plants have prickles on their stems.
玫瑰和其他一些植物的茎上有刺.
Prickles are different from thorns.
棱花与棘花不同.
Prickles grow out of a plant’s soft stem.
Pricles生长出植物的软干.
Most often, prickles grow on small shrubs and flowering plants.
刺les多生长于小灌木和花生植物上.
Thorns usually grow on trees or large shrubs.
通索通常生长于树木上或大灌木上.
Hawthorn branches have long thorns that look like needles.
霍桑树枝有长刺相似针.
Thorns are small branches that grow from inside the stem or branches of a woody plant.
松属(学名:Chorsis)是小枝科下的一个属,为乔木植物的干支或分支而生长.
The sharp prickles on a rose grow on the outside of the stem like a layer of skin.
玫瑰上尖锐的刺痕会像一层皮一样生长在干地外.
Some plants have spines to defend themselves.
有些植物有脊椎来自卫.
Some plants are covered in spines to protect them from being eaten.
一些植物被脊椎所覆盖来保护它们不被吃.
Spines look and feel like thorns, but they are different.
旋花外观和感觉像刺,但它们不同.
A cactus spine is actually a special kind of leaf.
仙人掌脊椎其实是一种特殊的叶子.
Cactus plants usually live in hot deserts.
仙人掌植物通常活在炎热的沙漠中.
Regular leaves may dry out in the hot sun, but sunlight and heat bounce off spines.
正常的叶子可能在炎热的太阳下干燥,但阳光和热能会从脊柱上弹出.
All barrel cactus have many spines.
所有管状仙人掌多有脊椎.
Some barrel cactus have spines that are curved at the end like fishhooks.
有些管状仙人掌有脊椎,末端会像鱼蹄一样弯曲.
Amazing Spines The hairy cactus, also known as the old man cactus, is covered with white hairlike strands.
令人惊叹的旋花 有毛的仙人掌又名"老人仙人掌",被白色的发状花序所覆盖.
These strands protect it from sunlight, and help hide its sharp spines.
这些线条保护它免受阳光的侵袭 帮助它隐藏锋利的脊椎
Stinging Plants Stinging plants have hairs that can poke animals that are trying to eat them.
锡金植物志. 刺杀植物的毛发可以刺穿试图吃掉它们的动物.
Inside each hair is a small tube with stinging fluid.
每根发型内部为有刺液的小管.
The tip of this tube breaks easily.
这管子的尖端很容易断裂.
When an animal bumps the hair, the tip breaks off and shoots fluid into the animal.
被动物撞出发后,尖口会断开,将液体射入动物体内.
Each leaf of a nettle plant has hundreds of stinging hairs.
每片被子植物的叶子有上百个刺毛.
Stinging nettles are also known as common nettles.
刺网虫也被称为常见网虫.
They have been used to treat muscle pain for hundreds of years.
它们已经用来治疗肌肉疼痛数百年了.
The fine hairs on stinging nettles can cause a painful rash.
刺网上细毛可引起痛苦的皮疹.
Poison Plants Some plants make poison to protect themselves.
有毒植物 一些植物会作毒来保护自己.
Eating one of these plants can cause an animal to get sick or even die.
吃其中一种植物会导致动物生病甚至死亡.
Deadly nightshade makes a powerful poison.
致命的夜影制造出强大的毒药.
This poison is found in all parts of the plant.
这种毒药在植物的各个部分都有发现.
Eating just one leaf can kill a large animal.
只吃一叶能杀出一头大兽.
Hidden Plants Some plants hide from animals by blending in with the ground where they grow.
隐藏的植物 一些植物通过与生长地相融合来躲避动物.
The living stone plant grows in dry, rocky ground among pebbles and stones.
活生生的石地植物生长于干燥地上,石地和石地之间.
This plant looks like just another small stone.
这植物看起来就像另一个小石头
Animals do not see it as something to eat.
动物们不认为它是吃的东西。
The berries of the deadly nightshade may look edible but are very poisonous.
致命的夜荫的浆果可能看起来可以食用,但非常有毒.
The living stone plant in the middle of the photo blends in with the rocks.
照片中间活生生的石器厂与岩石相融合.
Do You Know?
你知道吗?
Poisonous plants are not poisonous to every animal.
有毒的植物对每一个动物都不有毒.
The peppermint plant smells and tastes good to people, but it is harmful to insects.
花椒薄荷植物对人有香味和味道,但对昆虫有害.
Other Defenses When an animal bumps a touch- me-not plant, the plant folds up its leaves.
其他防守 当动物碰上一触 -- 我...
The thin, folded leaves do not look as tasty as full leaves.
薄而折叠的叶子看起来不像满叶那么美味.
Also, a plant that moves may scare away an insect or other animal trying to eat it.
另外,移动的植物可能会吓跑试图吃昆虫或其他动物.
The tobacco plant plays a trick on the pests that eat it.
烟草厂在食用它的害虫上耍花招.
When an insect bites a leaf, the plant sends out a special smell.
当昆虫咬出一株叶子时,植物会发出出一种特殊的气味.
This smell invites enemies, such as the big-eyed bug, to eat the invading insect.
这种气味会邀请大眼虫等敌人来吃被入侵的昆虫.
True to its name, the touch-me-not plant has leaves that close upon contact.
和它的名字一样 触摸我的植物在接触时有如此相近的叶子
The scent from the chewed leaf of the tobacco plant attracts the big-eyed bug, a predator of the tobacco hornworm.
烟草植物被咀嚼的叶子的香味会吸引大眼虫,烟草角虫的捕食者.
Conclusion Plants might look defenseless at first, but they have powerful defenses to help them survive.
工厂一开始可能看起来没有防御能力,但他们有强大的防御来帮助他们生存.
Even without claws or horns like some animals, plants can protect themselves.
即使没有爪子或角像一些动物,植物也能保护自己.